新概念英語第一冊語法及專項練習

1、精品文檔1歡迎下載新概念英語第一冊語法點歸納新概念一共144課，其中單課為課文，雙課為語法和練習。整本書是以單數課為正課，并附 帶有插圖而雙數課則是針對單數課所講的內容有針對性地進行練習，從此出展現出整個新概念一教材區(qū)別于其他教材的獨特之處。以下是對新概念一整本教材的理解和剖析，以供各位對整個課本的理解和把握上參考和借鑒。首先根據課本中出現的時態(tài)來分析：本冊書的語法出現層次性和規(guī)律性是很強的，首先我們先來整本書中都出了哪些時態(tài)， 這些時態(tài)的具體分布和講解時我們大家需要注意的遞進性。Lesson 3134現在進行時Lesson 3740第一次出現be going to的將來時Lesson 515

2、6一般現在時Lesson 6776為一般過去式Lesson 8390為現在完成時Lesson 9196為一般將來時(will)Lesson 117118過去進行時Lesson 119120過去完成時除去前面所有時態(tài)和句型所占據的76課我們一起來看一下以下的68課，每一課小的語言點，語法點都是在什么地方，應該用什么樣的方式來講解。在這里告訴學員新概念一的每一個單課的重點都是出現雙課的標題和課后的練習題里 面。Less on12語言點：與陌生人說話或引起別人的注意。Excuse me. Yes? Pardo n? Tha nk you verymuch.語法點：主系表結構this為主語，名詞做表語

3、1的一般疑問句以及它的肯定回答。Isthis your han dbag? Yes, it is.Less on 56語言點：如何介紹別人。This is Miss Sophie Dup ont. Nice to meet you.語法點：主語為第三人稱單數的主系表結構。She is French. He is German. Itsa Volvo.(L6)精品文檔2歡迎下載a/an的使用。Less on 78語言點：如何自我介紹和相互認識。語法點：主語為第二人稱的主系表結構。Are you French?What nationality are you? Whats your job?特殊疑

4、問句。Lesson 910語言點：朋友或熟識的人之間如何相互問候。How are you?語法點：主系表結構形容詞做表語。介詞短語表示位置n ear the win dow, on the televi on, on the wallLesson 2930語言點：如何發(fā)號命令。語法點：祈使句（肯定）。動詞與賓語的固定搭配。Lesson 3738語言點：如何表達將要做的事情。語法點：現在進行時態(tài)be goi ng to do結構表達將要發(fā)生的事情。There be句型的一般疑問句形式。Lesson 41-42語法點：如何表示不可數名詞的量。Lesson 63-64語言點：建議忠告。語法點：don

5、t do.You mustnt doLesson 65-66語法點：具體時間表示法（半點和刻鐘）。反身代詞。具體日期表達方式。Lesson 73-74語言點：問路。語法點：不規(guī)則動詞的過去式。形容詞轉變成副詞。Lesson 77-78語言點：看病。語法點：綜合時間表達方式。Lesson 105-106精品文檔3歡迎下載語言點：辦公室用語。語法點：want sb to do./ tell sb to do以及其否定形式。Lesson 103-104語言點：考試。語法點：賓語從句。（從句部分為非現在時態(tài)）程度副詞too, very ,enoughLesson 125-126語言點：/語法點：hav

6、e to do/ dont need to doLesson 127-128語言點：娛樂界。語法點：must/cant對現在事情的肯定/否定猜測。Lesson 129-130語言點：交通狀況。語法點：must/cant have been.對過去事情的肯定/否定猜測。Lesson 131-132語言點：度假。語法點：may對現在/過去事情的肯定或否定猜測。以下學的知識慢慢與新二接軌：現在完成時：Lesson 8390直接引語變成間接引語：Lesson 99102形容詞的比較級和最高級：Less on 107112neither ,so的用法：Lesson 113114不定代詞的用法：Lesso

7、n 115116過去進行和過去完成時：Lesson 117120定語從句：Lesson 121124情態(tài)動詞的綜合用法：Lesson 125132直接引語變間接引語：Lesson 133136（著重講時態(tài)的倒推）if的用法：Lesson 137140被動語態(tài)：Lesson 1411441）代詞及be動詞精品文檔4歡迎下載主格I we you you she/he/it they賓格me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格my our your your her/his/its their名詞性代詞mine ours yours yours hers/his/its

8、theirs be動詞現在時Am are are are is arebe動詞過去時was were were were was were2）名詞的復數規(guī)則變化的名詞復數形式規(guī)則1一般情況+s e.g. shell宀shells toy toys規(guī)則2以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. fox foxes church churches規(guī)則3以o結尾+s或+es e.g. radio radios potato potatoes規(guī)則4以f, fe結尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. lifelives half halves規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. s

9、ky skies study studies3）動詞的第二人稱單數形式規(guī)則1一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks規(guī)貝U 2以s, x, ch, sh禾口o結尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches規(guī)則3以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies4）動詞現在分詞規(guī)貝U1一般動詞力口-ing e.g. look-look ing, read-readi ng, play-play ing規(guī)則2以不發(fā)音的字母結尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking

10、,arrive-arrivi ng規(guī)則3重讀閉音節(jié)詞結尾，即單詞中只有一個元音字母，其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞，雙寫輔音字母再力口-ing e. g. run-running,sit-sitting,get-getting,swim-swimming,stop-stopp ing5）動詞過去式精品文檔5歡迎下載規(guī)則動詞變化規(guī)則1一般動詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played規(guī)貝U 2以e結尾的力口-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived規(guī)則3以輔音字母y結尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry

11、-carried規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)詞結尾，即單詞中只有一個元音字母，其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped過去式的讀音在清輔音后面（除外）讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated6）形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級比較級規(guī)則1一般加-er e.g. high-higher規(guī)則2以e結尾加-r nice-nicer規(guī)則3以輔音字母加y結尾，變y為i再加-er busy-busier規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-er f

12、at-fatter最高級規(guī)則1一般加-est e.g. high-highest規(guī)則2以e結尾加-st nice-nicest規(guī)則3以輔音字母加y結尾，變y為i再加-est busy-busiest規(guī)則4重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-est fat-fattest7）常見縮寫：is=s I am=Im are=reis no t=is nt /iznt/ are no t=are nt /a:nt/do no t=do ntdoes no t=does ntwas=sdid no t=did ntcan no t=ca nt精品文檔6歡迎下載have=vehas=shave no t=ha

13、ve nthas no t=has ntwill=llwill no t=w ontshall no t=sha nt直接引語/間接引語如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時，那么間接引語要做相應變化：時態(tài)，人稱，時間地點及指示詞1） 時態(tài)變化：般現在時一般過去時現在進行時- 過去進行時一般過去時一一過去完成時現在完成時過去完成時一般將來時一一過去將來時be going to-was/were going to/wouldcan-couldmay-might2） 時間地點及指示詞的變化：here-there, tomorrow-the n ext day, the followi ng day, th

14、is-that3） 人稱變化：根據句意改變人稱。4） 直接賓語/間接賓語主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語直接賓語是及物動詞的直接對象，間接賓語是及物動詞的動作所涉及的人或事務，也可以說間接賓語表示動作是對誰做的，或者是為誰做的。所以間接賓語要用名詞或者賓格代詞來擔當。He gives me a book.（me間接賓語，a book直接賓語）直接賓語和間接賓語的位置調換時要加一個介詞to或for:精品文檔7歡迎下載主語+及物動詞+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語Give me a book. = Give the book to me.Send him a letter. = Send a lett

15、er to him.Show him the new dress. = Show the new dress to him.倒裝句：so/neither的倒裝eg: He can swim. So can I.She did nt go to class. Neither did I.結構：so/n either+be+主語so/neither+助動詞+主語so/neither+情態(tài)動詞+主語助動詞：一般現在時：do, does/am, is, are現在進行時:am, is, are一般過去時：did現在完成時：have, has一般將來時:will, shall過去進行時:was, wer

16、e過去完成時：had過去將來時：would新概念英語第一冊語法匯總新概念英語第一冊語法（一）：一般現在時 新概念英語第一冊語法（二）：現在進行時 新概念英語第一冊語法（三）：一般過去時 新概念英語第一冊語法（四）：現在完成時 新概念英語第一冊語法（五）：一般將來時 新概念英語第一冊語法（六）：過去完成時 新概念英語第一冊語法（七）：過去進行時 新概念英語第一冊語法（八）：過去將來時 新概念英語第一冊語法（九）：問句 新概念英語第一冊語法（十）：限定詞 新概念英語第一冊語法（十一）：名詞新概念英語第一冊語法（十二）：副詞新概念英語第一冊語法（十三）：情態(tài)動詞新概念英語第一冊語法（十四）：need

17、用法 新概念英語第一冊語法（十五）：不定代詞及不定副詞新概念英語第一冊語法（十六）：感嘆句精品文檔8歡迎下載新概念英語第一冊語法（十七）祈使句新概念英語第一冊語法（十八）倒裝句新概念英語第一冊語法（十九）直接引語/間接引語新概念英語第一冊語法（二十）單復數現在進行時表示現在正在進行的動作。構成： 主語+be動詞+動詞的現在分詞+其它成分（現在分詞的構成見附錄）We are havi ng lun ch.He is read ing a book.The dog is running after a cat.The boys are swimmi ng across the river.變疑問句

18、將be動詞移到句首Are we havi ng lun ch?Is he readi ng a book?Is the dog running after a cat?Are the boys swimmi ng across the river?變否定句在be動詞后面加notWe are not havi ng lun ch.He is not readi ng a book.The dog is not running after a cat.The boys are swimmi ng across the river.特殊疑問句：what, which, how, where, who

19、, etc.疑問詞+動詞+主語+現在分詞What are you doing?What is she doi ng?What is the dog doing?沒有進行時的動詞（必背）精品文檔9歡迎下載表示狀態(tài)，思想，感情和感覺的動詞不能表示正在進行的動作精品文檔10歡迎下載1.表示感覺，感官的詞see, hear, like, love, want,2. have, has當”擁有”講時沒有進行時一、時態(tài)：一般現在時，現在進行時，一般過去時，現在完成時，一般將來時，過去進行時，過去 完成時，過去將來時1.一般現在時表示一般性，經常性的動作或一般性事實。1含有be動詞的句子He is a te

20、acher.The girl is very beautiful.Tim and Jack are stude nts.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Is he a teacher?Is the girl very beautiful?Are Tim and Jack stude nts?變否定句在be動詞后面加notHe is not a teacher.The girl is not very beautiful.Tim and Jack are not stude nts.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he is. No, he is not.Yes, she is. No, she is n

21、ot.Yes, they are. No, they are not.不含有be動詞的句子，即含有一般動詞的句子第三人稱單數及單數名詞精品文檔11歡迎下載He likes books.精品文檔12歡迎下載She likes him.The dog likes bon es.變疑問句在句首加does,動詞變?yōu)樵虳oes he like books?Does she like him?Does the dog like bon es?變否定句在主語及動詞之間加 人稱變化。He doesnt like books.She doesnt like him.The dog doesn t like b

22、ones.肯定回答及否定回答：Yes, he does. No, he doesnt.Yes, she does. No, she doesntYes, it does. No, it doesnt.注意：第三人稱單數形式一般在動詞后面加S,不要和名詞復數混淆，變否定句或疑問句時名詞復數沒有任何變化。其他人稱及復數名詞I want to have a bath.We have some meat.The stude nts like smart teachers.變疑問句在句首加doDo you want to have a bath?Do we have any meat?Do the st

23、ude nts like smart teachers?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加dont.You dont want to have a bath.doesnt,動詞變?yōu)樵?，原句中的動詞不再有第三精品文檔13歡迎下載We don t have any meat.精品文檔14歡迎下載The students don t like smart teachers.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I do. No, I don t.Yes, we do. No, we don tYes, they do. No, they don t.一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作或事件，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如

24、yesterday, last night, the day before yesterday, 3 days ago,含有be動詞的句子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，am, is的過去式為was,are的過去式為ereI was at the butchers.You were a stude nt a year ago.The teacher was very beautiful ten years ago.變疑問句將be動詞移動到句首Were you at the butchers?Were you a stude nt a year ago?Was the teacher very beauti

25、ful ten years ago?變否定句在be動詞后面加notI was not at the butchers.You were not a stude nt a year ago.The teacher was not very beautiful ten years ago.肯定回答否定回答Yes, I was. No, I was not.Yes, you were. No, you were not.Yes, he/she was. No, he/she was not.特殊疑問句：What did you do?精品文檔15歡迎下載（必背）精品文檔16歡迎下載不含有be動詞的句

26、子，將動詞變?yōu)檫^去式，動詞過去式構成見附錄I fini shed my homework yesterday.The boy went to a restaura nt.The Sawyers lived at King Street a year ago.變疑問句在句首加did，動詞變?yōu)樵虳id you finish your homework yesterday?Did the boy go to a restaura nt?Did the Sawyers live at King Street a year ago?變否定句在主語和動詞之間加did n otI did not fini

27、sh my homework yesterday.The boy did not go to a restaura nt.The Sawyers did not live at King Street a year ago.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I did. No, I didn t.Yes, he did. No, he didnt.Yes, they did. No, they did not.現在完成時構成：主語+助動詞have, has+過去分詞用法：2）表示過去發(fā)生的和現在有某種聯(lián)系的動作，常和just, usually, already, since等時間副詞連用I have

28、 just had lunch.（飽了，不用再吃了）He has had a cup of tea.（不渴了，不用再喝）They have already had their holiday.（不能再度假了）The boy has already read the book.（已經知道書的內容了，不用再看了）3）詢問別人是否做過某事一般用現在完成時：精品文檔17歡迎下載Have you fini shed your homework?精品文檔18歡迎下載Have you bee n to Beiji ng?Have he see n the film?4)表示開始于過去并持續(xù)到現在的動作I h

29、ave lived in Beiji ng for twenty years.I have worked for this school for 1 year.8)表示一種經歷，經驗：去過 地方，做過 事情，經歷過 事情I have n ever had a bath.I have n ever see n a film.I have n ever bee n to cin ema.I have ever bee n to Paris.Have bee n to表示去過，I have bee n to London.(He has gone to London.(11)表示一種結果，一一I h

30、ave lost my pen.I have hurt myself.He has become a teacher.She has broke n my heart.句型變化：變疑問句將助動詞移到句首，變否定句在助動詞后面加e.g. Have you lost your pen? I have no t lost my pen.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I have. No, I have not.特殊疑問句：What have you done?What has he done?一般過去時與現在完成時的區(qū)別：have gone to表示去了人已經回來）人還在那里）般不和時間副詞聯(lián)用not

31、.精品文檔19歡迎下載凡是有明確的表示過去的時間狀語的句子為過去時注意：有些動詞表示的動作有一個終點，不能再延續(xù)，因此不能和表示一段時間狀語連用錯：Ive left Beijing for 3 days.對：I left Beijing 3 days ago. I have been away from being for 3 days一般將來時表示將來將要發(fā)生的動作，經常和tomorrow, next year, the day after tomorrow,the year after the next, in five hourstime, etc.表示將來的詞聯(lián)用結構：主語+助動詞wi

32、ll+動詞原形I will go to America tomorrow.The pilot will fly to Japa n the month after the n ext.Jack will move into his new house tomorrow morning.變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Will you go to America tomorrow?Will the pilot fly to Japan the month after the next?Will Jack move into his new house tomorrow morning?變否定句在助動詞后

33、面加notI will not go to America tomorrow.The pilot will not fly to Japa n the month after the n ext.Jack will not move into his new house tomorrow morni ng肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I will. No, I will n ot.Yes, he/she will. No, he/she will not.Yes, he will. No, he will not.特殊疑問句：What will you do?過去完成時：精品文檔20歡迎下載用法

34、：在過去的時間里，兩個動作中，發(fā)生在前的哪個動作要用過去完成時。精品文檔21歡迎下載結構：had+過去分詞After she had fini shed her homework, she went shopp ing.They had sold the car before I asked the price.The train had left before I arrived at the stati on.After/before引導的時間狀語從句放在句首要在句子后面加逗號，如果放在主句后則不用加。5變疑問句將助動詞移到句首Had she fini shed her homework?

35、6變否定句在助動詞后面加notShe hadnt finished her homework.7肯定回答及否定回答Yes, she had. No, she hadnt.8特殊疑問句：What had she done?精品文檔22歡迎下載第二部分過去進行時表示過去正在進行的動作，經常用在whe n, while, as引導的狀語從句中。結構：was/were+doingWhen my husba nd was going into the dining room this morning, he dropped som e coins on thefloor.While we were ha

36、vi ng dinner, my father was watch ing TV.過去將來時結構：would doShe said she would go here the next morning.兩個 特殊句型：there be句型，be going to結構1) Be goi ng to結構表示打算，準備，計劃做某事結構：主語+be動詞+goi ng to +動詞原型I am going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is going to give the bookcase to his daught

37、er.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Are you going to make a bookcase?Are they going to paint it?Is the father going to give the bookcase to his daughter?變否定句在be動詞后面加notI am not going to make a bookcase.They are going to paint it.The father is not going to give the bookcase to his daughter.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, I am. No, I am n

38、ot.精品文檔23歡迎下載Yes, they are. No, they are not.Yes, he is. No, he is not.特殊疑問句What are you going to do?What are they going to do?What is the father going to do?（必背）2）There be句型表示哪里有什么東西（某處有某物）There is+單數名詞+表示場所的詞（一般為介詞詞組）There is a book in this room.There is a pen on the tableThere are+復數名詞+表示場所的詞（一般為

39、介詞詞組）There are two pens on the table.There are three schools there.變疑問句將be動詞移到句首Is there a book in this room?Are there two pens on the table?變否定句在動詞后面加notThere is not a book in this room.There are not two pens on the table.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, there is. No, there is not.Yes, there are. No, there are not.新概

40、念英語第一冊語法總結（九）:問句09:35:02精品文檔24歡迎下載問句一般疑問句，特殊疑問句，選擇疑問句，反意疑問句，選擇疑問句，否定疑問句1）一般疑問句：助動詞/be動詞+主語Are you a teacher? Do you want to have a cup of tea?2）特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+般疑問句What is your n ame?3）選擇疑問句：orDo you want beef or lamb?4）反意疑問句：肯定陳述句+否定疑問部分，否定陳述部分+肯定疑問部分You dont need that pen, do you?5）否定疑問句：一般疑問句+否定詞Aren

41、t you lucky? Dont you want have a rest?新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十）:限定詞限定詞：some, any, many, muchsome, any修飾可數名詞或不可數名詞，some用于肯定句，any用于否定句和疑問句，注意，當期待對方的答案為肯定回答時用somemany修飾可數名詞，much修飾不可數名詞，在口語中表示很多一般不用many, much,而用a lot of,在否定句中表示很多用many, much.I have a lot of money. I dont have much money.新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十一）:名詞名詞：種類，復

42、數，名詞所有格名詞分為可數名詞和不可數名詞1）不可數名詞無法分開的東西：water, tea, bread, milk, rice（米）抽象的東西：love, beauty, cold ness（寒冷）不可數名詞有以下特點：不能用a, an修飾精品文檔25歡迎下載不能加s精品文檔26歡迎下載和單數be動詞或動詞搭配2)可數名詞：單數可數名詞要用冠詞修飾，復數可數名詞要在名詞后面加s,名詞復數共有以下幾種變化：規(guī)則變化的名詞復數形式規(guī)則1一般情況+s e.g. shell宀shells book books規(guī)則2以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. fox foxes church c

43、hurches, bus buses, watchTwatches規(guī)則3以o結尾+s或+es e.g. potatoTpotatoes, NegroTNegroes, heroTheroes, tomatoTtomatoes,(口訣：黑人英雄愛吃土豆和西紅柿)，剩下一般加s, radioTradios規(guī)則4以f, fe結尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. lifeTlives halfThalves, shelfTshelves, cityTcities, wifeTwives規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. skyTskies flyTflies3)不規(guī)則變化的名詞復數

44、形式man(men) woma n( wome n) foot(feet) goose(geese) tooth(teeth)0child(childre n) sheep(sheep) deer(deer) mouse(mice) fish(fish)新概念英語第一冊語法總結(十二):副詞09:36:52副詞：用法及形容詞變副詞的變化副詞可以修飾形容詞，動詞，副詞或整個句子。如:The book is very good.He runs fast.She came here quite early.Certainly I will go with you.副詞變化形式：直接在形容詞后加-ly

45、,careful-carefully, slow-slowly,精品文檔27歡迎下載以輔音字母加y結尾的形容詞，把y變I,加-ly,happy-happily, lucky-luckily有些詞形容詞和副詞的形式相同，不需要做任何變化fast, hard, late有些詞加上-ly后意思與原詞相差很遠：n eary-n early, high-highly, late-lately新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十三）：情態(tài)動詞09:37:35情態(tài)動詞的使用：can, must, may, might, n eed,1）情態(tài)動詞can（能夠），must（必須），may（可以）結構：主語+can/mu

46、st/may+動詞原型He can make the tea.Sally can air the room.We can speak En glish.變疑問句將情態(tài)動詞移到句首Can he make the tea?Can Sally air the room?Can we speak En glish?變否定句在情態(tài)動詞后面加notHe cannot make the tea.Sally cannot air the room.We cannot speak En glish.肯定回答及否定回答Yes, he can. No, he cannot.Yes, she can. No, she

47、 cannot.Yes, we can. No, we cannot.精品文檔28歡迎下載特殊疑問句：What can you do?（必背）注意：情態(tài)動詞的句子沒有第三人稱單數的變化，不要在情態(tài)動詞或動詞后面加S。2）Must/have to的區(qū)別must表示必須，是主觀上覺得應該做，have to是不得不，是由于客觀條件逼迫的必要要做must只能用在表示現在和將來的句子里，而have to do可以用在任何時態(tài)3）must, may, might表示猜測：must do表示對現在事實的猜測must have done表示對過去事實的猜測must have been doi ng表示對過去正

48、在進行的事實的猜測may/might do, may/might have done表示沒有任何事實依據的猜測，might的可能性更小。5cant/couldnt表示不可能新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十四）：need用法09:38:09n eed用法：表示“需要”時為實意動詞，后面可以加名詞，也可以加不定式:I need a pen. Do you need any beer? No, I dont.I n eed to have a rest.Need doing=n eed to be done，表示被動The flowers n eed wateri ng.Need在否定時做情態(tài)動詞使用Y

49、ou neednt go so early. =You dont need to go so early.精品文檔29歡迎下載Must I clean the desk right now? No, you neednt.新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十六）：感嘆句精品文檔30歡迎下載09:39:24感嘆句：1) What +名詞+主語+謂語What a beautiful girl she is!2) How +形容詞+主語+謂語How beautiful the girl is!祈使句：第二人稱：let+其他人稱代詞祈使句的否定，加dont反意疑問祈使句(第二人稱)祈使句表示請求，命令，建議，

50、邀請等，謂語動詞一律用原型，句子中通常不用主語,句末用驚嘆好或者句號，用降調?？隙ň鋭釉~原型例，Come here, please. Go downstairs, please. Stand up. Sit down. Be quiet.Be careful.祈使句中如果有喚語，一定要用逗號隔開，放在句首或者句尾Come in, Amy.Sit dow n here, Tom.Mary, give me a book please.否定：Do nt+動詞原型Dont come here.Don t sit dow n.Don t sta nd up.Don t give me it.精品文檔3

51、1歡迎下載let sb. do精品文檔32歡迎下載Let me pass.Let us have a rest.Lets have a rest.（反意疑問）：Lets have a walk along the river, shall we?Let us go out for a drink, will you?新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十八）：倒裝句09:40:44倒裝句：so/neither的倒裝eg.He can swim. So can I.I didnt go to class. Neither did I.結構：so/n either+be+主語so/n either+助動詞+

52、主語so/n either+情態(tài)動詞+主語般現在時，do, does/am, is, are現在進行時，am, is, are一般過去時，did現在完成時，have, has一般將來時，will, shall,過去進行時，was, were過去完成時，had過去將來時，would新概念英語第一冊語法總結（十九）：直接引語/間接引語09:41:26精品文檔33歡迎下載直接引語/間接引語如果引語的主句所用動詞為過去時，那么間接引語要做相應變化：時態(tài)，人稱，時間地點及指示詞1）時態(tài)變化：般現在時-般過去時現在進行時-過去進行時一般過去時-過去完成時現在完成時-過去完成時一般將來時-過去將來時be g

53、oing to-was/were going to/wouldcan-couldmay_might2）時間地點及指示詞的變化：here-there, tomorrow-the n ext day, the followi ng day, this-that3）人稱變化：根據句意改變人稱。4）直接賓語/間接賓語主語+及物動詞+間接賓語+直接賓語直接賓語是及物動詞的直接對象，間接賓語是及物動詞的動作所涉及的人或事務，也可以說間接賓語表示動作是對誰做的，或者是為誰做的。所以間接賓語要用名詞或者賓格代詞來擔當。He gives me a book.me間接賓語，a book直接賓語直接賓語和間接賓語的

54、位置調換時要加一個介詞to或for主語+及物動詞+直接賓語+介詞+間接賓語Give me a book.Give the book to me.Send his a letter.精品文檔34歡迎下載Send a letter to him.精品文檔35歡迎下載Show him the new dress.Show the new dress to him.新概念英語第一冊語法總結（二十）：單復數1）代詞及be動詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數復數單數復數單數復數主格I we you you she/he/it they賓格me us you you her/him/it them代詞所有格my

55、 our your your her/his/its their名詞性代詞mine ours yours yours hers/his/its theirsbe動詞現在時Am are are are is arebe動詞過去時was were were were was were2）名詞的復數規(guī)則變化的名詞復數形式規(guī)則1一般情況+s e.g. shell宀shells toy toys規(guī)則2以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. fox foxes church churches規(guī)則3以o結尾s或+es e.g. radio radios potato potatoes規(guī)則4以f, f

56、e結尾的，變f, fe為ves e.g. life lives half halves規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結尾，變y為i+es e.g. skyskies studystudies3）動詞的第三人稱單數形式規(guī)則1一般情況+s e.g. like-likes, look-looks規(guī)則2以s, x, ch, sh結尾+es e.g. do-does, catch-catches規(guī)則5以輔音字母+y結尾， 變y為i+es e.g. carry-carries, fly-flies4）動詞現在分詞規(guī)則一 一般動詞力口-ing e.g. look-look ing, read-readi ng, pl

57、ay-play ing規(guī)則二 以不發(fā)音的字母結尾的單詞去e加-ing e.g. make-making, take-taking, arrive-arrivi ng精品文檔36歡迎下載規(guī)則三 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結尾，即單詞中只有一個元音字母，其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再力口-ing e. g. run-running, sit-sitting, get-getting, swim-swimming, stop-stopp ing5）動詞過去式規(guī)則動詞變化規(guī)則一 一般動詞加-ed e.g. look-looked, watch-watched, play-played規(guī)則二 以e結尾的力口

58、-d e.g. make-maked, arrive-arrived規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加結尾的變y為i加-ed cry-cried, carry-carried規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)詞結尾，即單詞中只有一個元音字母，其后緊跟一個輔音字母的詞,雙寫輔音字母再加-ed stop-stopped,過去式的讀音在清輔音后面（除外）讀/t/ e.g. walked, jumped在濁輔音和元音后讀/d/ e.g. washed, watched在/t/，/d/后讀/id/ e.g. waited, hated6）形容詞和副詞的比較級比較級規(guī)則一 一般加-er e.g. high-higher規(guī)則二以結尾加-

59、r nice-nicer規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結尾，變y為i再加-er busy-busier,規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-er fat-fatter,形容詞和副詞的最高級最高級規(guī)則一 一般加-est e.g. high-highest規(guī)則二以結尾加-st nice-nicet規(guī)則三 以輔音字母加y結尾，變y為i再加-est busy-busiest規(guī)則四 重讀閉音節(jié)結尾，雙寫輔音字母再加-est fat-fattest7）常見縮寫：is=s I am=Im are=reis not=isn t/ iznt/ are not=aren t /a:nt/do not=dont精品文

60、檔does not=doesn t was=sdid not=didn tcan not=can t have=ve has=s have not=havent has not=hasnt will=llwill not=won tshall not=shan t英語國際音標表（48個）元音（20個）長元曰/a/?:/ ?:/i:/U:/短元音/ ?/ / ?/?/ /?/ /?/ /e/ /? / /e ?/ /a?/雙元音/ ?/ /e ?/ /?/ / ? /a? /輔音 （28個）輕輔音/p/ t/ k/f/0/s/濁輔音/b/d/g/v/e/z/輕輔音/?/ h/ts/t ?/tr/