外研社初二下各模塊語法知識集錦

1、真誠為您提供優(yōu)質參考資料，若有不當之處，請指正。外研社初二下各模塊語法知識集錦外研版初二下module1知識點 句子成分及基本句型難點 知識點 五大基本句型結構及應用突破點英語的基本成分有六種：主語（subject）、謂語（predicate）、表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）和狀語(adverbial)。英語五種基本句型列式如下： 基本句型一： i （主謂） 基本句型二： t （主謂賓） 基本句型三： Link （主謂表） 基本句型四： tInO DO （主謂間賓直賓）基本句型五： t （主謂賓賓補）易錯點 英語句子以謂語為中心，前為行為執(zhí)行者

2、，后為動作承受者，狀語可居前或后，置于句首多為時間，條件，原因狀語，置于謂語后為地點，原因，目的，時間和伴隨成分。練習 根據(jù)漢語或英語提示在空格上填一個恰當?shù)膯卧~。 (1) Let him _(進來). (2) Let the student _(站) outside the classroom. (3) We made our classroom _(明亮). (4) Father have some employees _(work) all day and all night. (5) Did you have your bicycle _(repair)? (6) I have not

3、hing _(do) this afternoon. Lets go swimming. (7) He kept us _(read) the story once and again. (8) The keeper kept the monkey _(在籠子里). (9) Jenny had her money _(偷了).(10) I found myself _(surround) by some snakes.(11) I would like to see the plan _(carry) out.(12) Who got the machine _(start)?(13) Jim

4、 asked me _(wait) him at the school gate.(14) The boy was made _(stand) outside the room.(15) Dont allow the guests _(smoke) here.Key：(1) (5) in; stand; bright; working; repaired (6) (10) to do; reading; in the cage; stolen; surrounded(11) (15) carried; started; to wait; to stand; to smoke外研版初二下modu

5、le2知識點 賓語從句難點 知識點 賓語從句的結構及運用突破點1.賓語從句：1 在動詞后作賓語(動賓): Do you know where he comes from? 劃線部分是動詞know的賓語. 2.在有些接雙賓結構的動詞后作賓語: He asked me when we would leave. 此句中me與從句when-分別是ask的賓語。 3在介詞后作賓語(介賓)：Lets talk about how we solve this problem. 4在Im sorry, Im afraid, Im sure等結構后的句子也被認為是賓語從句. 賓語從句需注意的時態(tài)問題:1主句若是

6、一般現(xiàn)在時，從句根據(jù)不同情況用不同時態(tài)。He says (that) he will have a walk soon. （soon指將來，從句用將來時） The teacher asks who is the cleverest in the school. （暗指目前誰最聰明，從句用現(xiàn)在時） I want to know who came here late this morning. （今早已過去，從句用過去時） 2主句若是一般過去時，從句也要用過去時。 He wondered if I would come. She told me that her son had got well.

7、 She said that she liked watching TV. We thought Jim was wrong. 3無論主句是何時態(tài)，從句若表客觀真理，要用一般現(xiàn)在時。Mr. Li said the moon is smaller than the earth.4賓語從句無論有何引導詞，句子都要用陳述句語序。 Could you tell me when you will get back to Wuhan?（不是will you） Do you know which sweater she is wearing? (不是is she)易錯點 使用正確的引導詞連接賓語從句，賓語從

8、句的時態(tài)要與主句相呼應練習 選擇填空。( ) 1. What did Mike say? He said _.A. if you are free the next week B. what colour was itC. the weather is fine D. summer comes after spring( ) 2. Tom asked my friend _.A. where was he from B. that the earth is bigger than the moonC. when did he come back D. not to be so angry( )

9、 3. Let me tell you _.A. how much is the car B. how much does the car costC. how much did I pay for the car D. how much I spent on the car( ) 4. Peter knew _.A. whether he has finished reading the book B. why the boy had so many questionsC. there were 12 months in a year D. when they will leave for

10、Paris( )5. Could you tell me _? A. where do you live B. who you are waiting for C. who were you waiting for D. where you live in( )6. I cant understand _the boy alone. A. why she left B. why did she leave C. why she had left D. why had she left( )7. She told me the sun _ in the east. A. rise B. rose

11、 C. rises D. had risen( )8.I dont know _ up so early last Sunday.A. why did he get B.why he gets C.why does he get D. why he got( )9. The manager came up to see _. A. what was the matter B. what the matter wasC. what the matter is D. whats the matter( )10. He asked his father _. A. where it happens

12、B. where did it happen C. how it happened D. how did it happen( )11. No one tells us_, so we need your help. A. how we should do B. what should we do C. how to do it D. what to do it( )12. Could you please teach me _ the computer. A. how checkB. to checkC. how to checkD. to how checking( )13.They do

13、nt know _their parents are. A that B what C why D which( )14. Where do you think _ he _ the TV set? Sorry, Ive no idea. A./, bought B. has, bought C. did, buy D. did bought( ) 15. Our homework has changed a lot. Who can tell _ it would be like in _ five years. A. how, anotherB. what, moreC. how ,oth

14、erD. what, another( )16. Could you tell me _? Yes. He _ to the USA. A. where is he/ has been B. where he is/ has gone C. where was he/ has been D. where he was/ has gone( )17. Mike wants to know if _ a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well visit the museum instead. A. you have/ will rain B. you wi

15、ll have/ will rain C. you will have/ rains D. will you have/ rains( )18. I really dont know if she _ it when she _. A. finds/ arrives B. finds/ will arrive C. will find/ will arrive D. will find/ arrives( )19.Miss Liu said _ she would leave the message on the headmaster”s desk. A. that B. where C. w

16、hich D. what( )20. He asked me _. A. who will kick the first goal in the World CupB. when was the APEC meeting heldC. when China became a member of the WTOD. where the 2008 Olympics will be held答案 15: DDDBB 610:ACDBC 1115:CCBAD 1620:BCDAC外研版初二下module3知識點 to +V,與V+ing作賓語難點 知識點 作賓語的區(qū)別突破點v-ing 形式與to do

17、 作賓語時的區(qū)別： 有些動詞既可以跟動詞的-ing形式又可以跟不定式作賓語，但意義有明顯區(qū)別，歸納如下：1 remember，forget，regret(遺憾) 跟動詞的-ing形式時表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生；跟不定式表示動作尚未發(fā)生。例如：Dont forget to tell Jim about it.別忘了告訴Jim這件事。（未告訴） I forget telling Jim about it.我忘了曾經(jīng)告訴Jim這件事了。（已經(jīng)告訴他了）2 stop ding sth. 停止正在干的事; stop to do sth. 停下來去做另外一件事例如：You have must stop smoki

18、ng. 你必須戒煙。He stopped to get it and of course fell behind.他停下來去拿它，當然就落在后面了。go on doing sth.與 go on to do sth. 用法類似，前者指繼續(xù)同一件事，后者指繼續(xù)做不同的事情。3 try to do sth. 盡力做某事； try doing sth.試著做某事例如：Lets try to find some information about it, ok?讓我們努力去找一些關于它的信息，好嗎？“Why not try doing exercise to lose weight?” said th

19、e doctor.醫(yī)生說：“為什么不試著做運動減肥？”4 mean to do sth. 打算，想要做； mean doing sth 意味著做例如：Im sorry for what I have said .But I didnt mean to hurt you.我為我所說的話道歉，但我并不是有意要傷害你。He broke his leg , which means staying in bed for several weeks.他摔斷了腿，那就意味著要臥床好幾周。5 cant help doing 忍不住，禁不??；cant help (to) do 不能幫忙干.例如：They cou

20、ldnt help jumping when hearing the good news.聽到這個好消息，他們情不自禁地跳了起來。Sorry, I cant help (to) do your homework.抱歉我不能幫你做作業(yè)。6 regret to do sth.對發(fā)生的事情表示“抱歉，遺憾” regret doing sth. 對已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情表示“后悔”.例如：I regret to tell you that you failed. 很遺憾的告訴你，你失敗了。I regret telling her the news. 我很后悔告訴她這個消息。易錯點 對閱讀中對動作是否已經(jīng)發(fā)生的

21、判斷不定式、動名詞專項練習一、單項選擇：1. Would you please tell me _ next?A. A. how to doB. what to doC. what do I doD. how I should do 2. The girl wasnt _ to lift that bookcase.A. A. too strongB. enough strongC. strong enoughD. so strong 3. For a time his grandmother found _ accept his new idea.A. A. hard B. it hard

22、C. it hard to D. it is hard to 4. As she has never been there before, Ill have someone _ her the way.A. A. show B. to showC. showingD. showed 5. You _ drive slowly. The roads are wet.A. A. had rather B. would ratherC. had betterD. would better 6. Nothing can make the brave soldier _ his country.A. A

23、. turn againstB. to turn againstC. to turn to D. turn to 7. In the old days it was difficult for the poor _ a job.A. A. find B. to find C. look D. to look for 8. When learning a foreign language, try our best _ the spirit of it.A. A. master B. hold C. take hold of D. to master 9. It was foolish _ hi

24、s car unlocked.A. for him to leaveB. of him to leaveC. for him leaveD. him to leave 10. Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it.A. putting backB. put backC. to put backD. will put back 11. Napoleon spoke so loudly as to _ in front of his soldiers.A. hearB. be heard C. listen D. be listene

25、d to 12. Television and radio _ to know what is going on all over the world.A. made it possible of us B. have made us possibleC. have made it possible for usD. have made it be possible for us 13. .I have enjoyed my visit here. Ill be very sorry _.A. for leaving B. to leave C. if leavingD. to have le

26、ft 14. I dont see how I could possible manage _ the work without _.A. to finish; helping B. to finish; being helpedC. finishing; helping D. finishing; being helped 15. We all think it most foolish _ this mistake.A. for you making B. of you to makeC. you to makeD. for you to make 16. Because of air p

27、ollution being greatly reduced, this city is still _.A. a good place which to be lived inB. a good place to liveC. a good place to live in D. a good place to live for 17. You were lost on your way to the lake, werent you? Yes, we were and had to stop _ the way.A. askingB. to ask C. asked&n 166 bsp;

28、D. to be asked 18. She felt it a great shame _ so severely in the presence of her boy friend.A. to criticize B. to have criticizedC. to be criticized D. to have been criticized 19. The advertisements are trying _ people to buy things they dont really need.A. persuade B. persuading C. be persuadingD.

29、 to persuade 20. If you were much younger, I would arrange _ as the general manager, for all your colleagues speak highly of your work.A. for you to workB. of you to workC. for you work D. you work 答案：1.B 2.C 3.C 4.A 5.C 6.A 7.B 8.D 9.B 10.C 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.C 19.D 20.A外研版初二下mod

30、ule4-5知識點 if從句難點 知識點 if從句的構成，位置，及時態(tài)搭配突破點if引導的條件狀語從句 引導條件狀語從句最常用的連詞是if，常見的if條件狀語從句表示在某條件下，某事很可能發(fā)生，條件是可能存在的，主句中某種情況發(fā)生的概率也是很高的。如： If you ask him，he will help you如果你請他幫忙，他會幫你的。 If you fail in the exam，you will let him down如果你考試不及格，你會讓他失望的。 If you have finished the homework， you can go home如果你作業(yè)做完了就可以回家了

31、。 另外，if從句還表示不可實現(xiàn)的條件或根本不可能存在的條件，也就是一種虛擬的條件或假設。從句多用一般過去時或過去完成時，表示對現(xiàn)在或過去的一種假設。如： If I were you，I would invite him to the party如果我是你，我會邀請他參加聚會。 I would have arrived much earlier if I had not been caught in the traffic要不是交通堵塞，我本會來得早一些。另外你還要注意if 條件句的時態(tài)搭配1if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般將來時 If he runs hell get there in ti

32、me. 如果他用跑的，他就會及時趕到那兒。The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail. 如果你拉貓的尾巴，它就會抓你。2if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用may/might/canIf the fog gets thicker the plane may/might be diverted. 如果霧在大一些，飛機可能就會改在別的機場降落。If it stops snowing we can go out. 如果雪停了，我們就可以出去。3if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用must/shouldIf you want to lose weight you mus

33、t/should eat less bread. 如果你想減肥，你必須少吃面包。4if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時，主句用一般現(xiàn)在時If you heat ice it turns to water. (也可用will turn)如果把冰加熱，它就會化成水。5if從句用現(xiàn)在進行時，主句用一般將來時If you are looking for Peter youll find him upstairs. 如果你是在找彼得，上樓就會找到他。6if從句用現(xiàn)在完成時，主句用一般將來時If you have finished dinner Ill ask the waiter for the bill. 如果你吃完

34、了，我就叫服務生來算賬易錯點 判斷句子的語氣選擇（15分）1.If you _ to the party, youll have a great time. A. will go B. went C. go D. going2. It will be a long time _ Peter _ his work. A. since, has finished B. after, finishes C. when, will finish D. before, finishes.3. What will father _ us from Japan? A. take B. bring C. ca

35、rry D. make 4. Weifang is famous _ kites. A. for B. to C. on D. with5 I _ her the answer if she _me. A. can tell, will ask B. will tell, will ask C. would tell, ask D. will tell, asks6. What are you going to do tomorrow?-Well go to the library tomorrow if it _. A. isnt rain B. rain C. wont rain D. d

36、oesnt rain7.Do you know when he will come back tomorrow?-Sorry, I dont know. When he _ back, Ill tell you. A. comes B. will come C. come D. may come 8. What will you do if you _ to the old folks home visit?A. go B. went C.going D. will go9. If I eat _ food, Ill be very fat.A. too many B. many too C.

37、 too much D. much too10. Ill give the book to him if he _ here next Sunday.A. will come B. comes C. is coming D. came11. There _an English film in our school tomorrow.A. is going to have B. will have C. is going to be D. has12. Could you tell us where _？A. will the next Olympic Games held B. the nex

38、t Olympic Games will be heldC. would the next Olympic Games be held D. the next Olympic Games would be held13. When my mother returned last night, I _ a book. A. read B. am reading C. was reading D. am going to read14.What _ you _ when it began to rain?A. do, do B. were, doing C. are, doing D. did,

39、do15. Ill wake you up when he _back.A. will B. is going to come C. comes D. come1-5 CDBAD 6-10 DAACB 11-15 CBCBC外研版初二下module6-10知識點 狀語從句難點 知識點 狀語從句的結構，分類及常用引導詞突破點1 時間狀語從句常用引導詞：when, as, while, as soon as, before, after, since , till, until特殊引導詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day

40、，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner than, hardly when, scarcely whenI didnt realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.The children ran away from the orchard(果園), the moment they saw the guard.No sooner had I arrived home ,t

41、hen it began to rain.Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.2 地點狀語從句常用引導詞：where特殊引導詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhereGenerally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.Wherever you go, you should work hard.地點狀語從句一般由連接副詞where, wherever等引導，已經(jīng)形成了固定的句型，例如：句型1：Where+地點從句，（the

42、re）+主句?！咀⒁狻看司湫屯ǔＷg成“哪里哪里就”；主句在從句后面時，there可用可不用；如果主句在從句的前面時，一般都不用there。例如：Where there is no rain, farming is difficult or impossible.在沒有雨水的地方，耕作是困難的，或根本不可能的。They were good persons. Where they went, there they were warmly welcomed. 他們都是好人。因此他們走到哪里都受到熱烈歡迎。You should have put the book where you found it.

43、 你本來應該把書放回原來的地方。Where the Communist Party of China goes, there the people are liberated.哪里有了中國共產黨，哪里人民得解放。句型2：Anywhere/ wherever+地點從句，+主句?！咀⒁狻縜nywhere本身是個副詞，但是，?？梢砸龑木洌喈斢谶B詞，意思相似于wherever, anywhere引導的從句可位于主句之前，也可以位于主句之后。 而wherever本身就是個連詞，表示“在何處，無論何處”。例如：Wherever the sea is , you will find seamen.有海就

44、有海員。3 原因狀語從句常用引導詞：because, since, as, for特殊引導詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that.My friends dislike me because Im handsome and successful.Now that everybody has come, lets begin our conference.The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to

45、 earn more.4 目的狀語從句常用引導詞：so that, in order that特殊引導詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end thatThe boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could he

46、ar more clearly.5 結果狀語從句常用引導詞：so that, such that,特殊引導詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,He got up so early that he caught the first bus.Its such a good chance that we must not miss it.To such a degree was he excited that he couldnt sleep last night.6 條件狀語從句常用引

47、導詞：if, unless,特殊引導詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, supposing that, in case that, on condition thatWell start our project if the president agrees.You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.7 讓步狀語從句常用引

48、導詞：though, although, even if, even though特殊引導詞： as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter ， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whicheverMuch as I respect him, I cant agree to his proposal.盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。The old man always enjoys swimming even th

49、ough the weather is rough.No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.He wont listen whatever you may say.8 比較狀語從句常用引導詞：as(同級比較), than(不同程度的比較)特殊引導詞：the more the more ; just as ， so; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no more than; not A so much as BShe is as bad-tempered as her mother.The

50、 house is three times as big as ours.The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.Food to men is what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機器。9 方式狀語從句常用引導詞：as, as if, how特殊引導詞：the wayWhen in Rome, do as the Roman do.She behaved as if she were the boss.Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.易錯點 判斷九大狀從的類別選擇填空：1. Ill let you know _ he comes back.A. before B. because C. as soon as D. althoug