情態(tài)動詞的用法歸納

1、情態(tài)動詞的用法要點can 禾口 could情態(tài)動詞用法例句1"don 'think Mike can type. ”I .表示能力Yes, he can ”2. I can speak flue nt En glish now , but I could n ' lastyear.can/could在肯定句中，表示客 觀可能性，并不涉及 具體某事會發(fā)生，常 用來說明人或事物的 特征。要表達具體某 事實際發(fā)生的可能性 時）不用can,需用1. As a human being, anyone can make a mistake.2. I may stay at hom

2、e this weeke nd. （實際可能 性）3. Peter might come to join us.（實際可能性）may） might。. Can we tur n the air con diti oner on? 1.表示請求和允許。否定句中表推測“不1. He can ' be at home.可能”表示驚異、懷疑、不1. Can this be an excuse for not giving them相信等態(tài)度，主要用2.在否定句、疑問句和感How can you be so crazy.嘆句中。特別說明：（1） could用來表示請求時，語氣委婉，主要用于疑問句

3、，不能用于肯定句，答語應用can （即：could不能用于現在時態(tài)的簡略答語中）。如：Could I use your dicti on ary?Y es, you can.（否定回答可用：No, I'm afraid not.）（2） can 和 be able to 辨析can（could）和be able to都可以表示能力，意思上沒有區(qū)別。但 can只有現在式和過去式）而be able to則有更多的形式。如：I've always wan ted to able to speak flue nt En glish.Those bags look really heav

4、y, are you sure you ' be able to carry them on your own?但是，表示在過去某時的某一場合經過一番努力，終于做成了某事，通常不用 could,而用 was/were able to 來表示。這時） was/were able to 相當于 man aged to do 或 succeed in doing 。如:After the accident it was a long time before she was able to walk again.The fire was very big, but most people we

5、re able to escape from the buildi ng.慣用形式" cannot - too - "表示"無論怎么 也不（過分）"。女口:You cannot be too careful. 你越小心越好。慣用形式" cannot but+不定式（不帶to）”表示“不得不，只好”。如:我不得不欽佩你的決心I cannot but admire her determi natio n.may 禾口 might情態(tài)動詞用法例句may/might表不允許、許可。否定回答一般用must not/mustn '表示"禁

6、止、阻止”之意）但也可以用 had better not （最 好別）或may not （不可以），語氣較 為委婉。1. May I come in and wait?2. May I smoke here?No, you mustn t( 或 No, you d better no t.)表示請求、允許時，1.May I borrow your pen?表示可能性的推測，通常用在肯定句和否定句中，含有“或許” “大概”“可能”之意；1. It may rai n this after noon.2. She may not be at home.may用于祈使句表示祝愿1. May you

7、succeed.2. Long may he live!愿他能持續(xù)住下去。3. May you have many more daysas happy as this one.4. May she rest in peace. 愿她安息慣用句式：o1There is nothing to do, so I may“ may as well 或 might(just)aswell+動詞原形 點為 最好，滿可 以，倒不如"，相當于"had better或there is no reason to do anything else.as well go to bed.must 禾

8、口 have to情態(tài)動用法例句1室示”必須，應該”之意，語氣比1. You must come to school onshould , ought to強烈。其否形式time.mustn 表示"不準）不應該）禁止”2You mustn ' drive so fast in the等意street.must在回答帶有must的問句時）否定回答常用 n eed n ' 或 don ' have to ） 表示“不必”，而不用mustn '1. Must I come back before ten?一Yes, you must.(No, you nee

9、dn ')2?表示有把握的推測，意為“一定、準1. It must be my mother是、相必”，只用于肯定句中3.表示固執(zhí)己見，“一定”。2 irIf you must,I will tell you .have to“必須，不得不”，意義與 must相近。1. The film is not interesting. I但 must表示的是說話人的主觀看法,really must go now.have toHU have to則往往強調客觀需要。2.I have to go now, because mymother is in hospital.must只有一種形式，即現

10、在式與過去 式 都是一種形式，而have to則涉及各種人 稱、時態(tài)等方面的變化形式。1. I had to work hard when 1 was your age.2. I will have to learn how to use a computer.3. In order to take the exam, we ' have to finish the whole book by the end of this mon th .兩者的否JE意義不同，mustn t表示 禁止，不許"，don ' have to表示不必。1. You mustn '

11、 go there.2. You don ' have to go there.四.shall 和 should情態(tài)動詞用法例句shall用于第一人稱構成的疑問主一/工一表示征民對方意見或請求指示1. Shall I ope n the win dow?2. Shall we say 6 o'clock, then?3. What shall I get for dinner?用于第二三人稱陳述句表示說中，話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。1. Don' worry, you shall get theanswer this afternoon. （允諾）2. He

12、shall be sorry for it one day,I tell you.（警告）3. You shall do as I say.（命令）表示勸告或建議，意為“應該”表示推測，用在肯定句中，對現在的情況或可能發(fā)生的事的主觀推測或期待。意為“想必,大概，或許”還可以用在if引導的條件句中，表示 一件事聽起來可能性很小，但也不是 元全不可能，相當于力一的意思。從句謂語用should+動詞原形構成， 主句都一定用虛擬語氣用于疑問句或感嘆句中，表示意外、If you children don ' do as I tell you, you shall not go to the pa

13、rty. 俄 脅）1. You should read his new book.2. It should be a nice day tomorrow.3. Try phoning Robert, he should be home now.4. He should be around sixty years old.1. Ask Tom to ring me up if you should see him.（你萬一見到湯姆, 請讓他給我打個電話）2. Should I be free tomorrow, I ' come.（萬一我明天有時間，我就過 來）3. If things

14、should cha nge suddenly, please let me know. （萬一 情況突變，請通知我）1. Why should anyone want to驚異的情緒，意為“竟會"，與 why ,what, how, who連用）如果是疑問句，則不需要回答。2. Don' ask me. How should I know?ought todo表示“應該”之意1. You ought to take care of him.2. Ought I go now?一Yes, you ought to. /No, you oughtn ' to.表示推測。

15、注意與must表示推測是的區(qū)別1. He must be home by now. （ 斷他已到家）2. He ought to be home by now. （不十分肯定）說明：should與ought to表示“應該”時的區(qū)別should表示自己的主觀看法，而 ought to的語氣中，含有“按道理應該”之意若要反映客觀情況或涉及法律義務和規(guī)定，一般用 ought to。如：You should help them with their work.You are his father. You ought to get him to receive good educati on.五.w

16、ill 禾口 would例句懵態(tài)動詞用法will/would用于表示意志或意愿。will 指現 1. He is the man who will go his ownway.（他是個自行其是的人。）表不請求、建議等，1. Will you please take a message for him?2. Would you please tell me your teleph one nu mber?表示習慣或傾向，意為總是，慣于" will至現在，would指過去。1. Fish will die without water.2. People will talk.（人們總會說閑

17、話。）表示推測，意為“很可能，大概” will表示推測比should把握大） 比must把握小。1. These thi ngs will happe n.2. That will be the messe nger ringing.表示功能，意為“能，行”。慣用形式：will do/would do表示“解決問題”、“就行”。1.Either pen will do.用于否JE句中，意為不目、不樂意”1. I won ' listen to your nonsense.2. No matter what I said, he wouldn ' listen to me.表示說

18、話時臨時的決定。1. I will ope n the door.特別說明：would與used to辨析would可用來表示過去反復出現的動作，但不能表示過去存在的狀態(tài)，所以我們不能說：“shewould be a quiet girl.另外，would強調過去某種特定情況下的活動，是完全過去的事情，同現在沒有聯系。而used to則著眼于過去和現在的對比，隱含現在已不存在，動作或狀態(tài)都可表示。Would可以表示不規(guī)則的習慣，used to則不可。如：He used to be a n aughty boy and cause trouble.I used to get up at six

19、in the morning.Sometimes she would take a walk in the n eighbori ng woods.In those days, whenever I had difficulties, I would go to Mr. Chen for help.六.need 禾口 dare青態(tài)動b用法例句n eed用于表示“需要，必要”之意。做 情態(tài)動詞時，僅用于否定句和疑問句，只有現在時，過去式要用 needn'thave ,疑問式用need+人稱？) 否定式用 need not(即need做實義動詞時，其變化與般的實義動詞相同，后接帶to的不定

20、式(n eed doing = n eed to bedone ),過去式用 needed、did1. 一 Need we leave soon?一Yes, you must.(No, you n eed n't)2. You needn't have hurried.(=It was not necessary for you to hurrybut you did). 你當時不必這么匆忙。1. A job like nursing needs patienee and understanding.(need+ 名 詞，needun dersta nding 二 n eed

21、to be un derstood,需要被理解)2. He needs to see an eed?禾口 did n't n eed,肯定式片j needs/needed/need, 疑問式用3. Do you still need volunteers to help clea n up after the party ?(n eed somebody to do someth ing)4. They did n't n eed to start so early.(do not n eed to do)do、does、did提問）否定式要在前面加 don't、doe

22、s n't、did n'tdare餐于表示“敢于”之意。做情態(tài)動 k 沒有人稱和數的變化，主要用 不否定句、疑問句和條件狀語從句 中1. 一 Dare you tell her the truth?一Yes, I dare. /No, I daren '.3. How dare you accuse me of lying!4. He daren ' admit this.卜1作實義動詞時，其變化與般的義動詞相同。在肯定句中，darei接市to的不定式；否定句中，darei既可接帶to的不定式，也可接不r to的不定式。1. Only a few journal

23、ists dared tocover the story.2. He does n ' dare (to) go there alone.3. Don ' you dare (to) touch it?七.“情態(tài)動詞+have done”用法情態(tài)動詞+have donemust have done用法表示主觀上對過去已經發(fā)生的行為進行推測，意為“想必，準是，一定做了某事”例句1. She must have gonethrough a lot.2.He must have visited theWhite House during his stay in the United

24、States.may/might have done表示對過去已發(fā)生行為的推測，意為“也許/或許已經（沒有）.。般用于RJIE句或否定句中，不用于疑問句。用might則表示語氣更加不肯人三1. You may have learnt then ews.2. He may not have heardhis n ame called.3. Sorry I m late. I mighthave turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep aga in.can have donecannot have done表示對過去發(fā)生的行為的懷疑和不肯定，通常用在否定句和 疑問句中。（can換成could時語氣委婉）1. Where can she havegone?2. Could he have done sucha foolish thing?3. The boy can ' havefinished reading the book so soon because it is difficult eve n to an adult.could have done可用于肯定句中，表示“可能 已經”之意，止匕外，還可 以表示過去能做而沒做的事， 有一種對過去為付諸實施的事1. He could have killedhim