試點(diǎn)本科英語2課件-unit 8-text A

1、How To Give A Good SpeechUnit 8Text A (We are all called upon to make a speech at some point in life, but most of us do not do a very good job. This article gives some suggestions on how to give a good speech.)homenext2. So, you have to give a speech - and you are afraid. You get nervous, you forget

2、 what you want to say, you stumble over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “ thank goodness, its over. Im just no good at public speaking. I hope I never have to do that again.”nextuphome3. Cheer up! It doesnt have to be that bad. Here are some simple steps to tak

3、e a pain out of speech-making. First of all, it is important to plan. Do your homework. Find out everything you can about your subject. And, at the same time, find out as much as you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your subject? Do they have a common interest? Why are

4、they coming to hear you speak? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.nextupNNNhome4. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Are you introducing another speaker? Moderating discussion? Giving a lecture? Convincing someone? There are many

5、possible speaking roles, and each one has its own special characteristics. Make sure you know into which category you fit. Dont spoil your speech by confusing one speaking role with another.nextuphome5. Let us suppose that you have been asked to introduce the main speaker at a meeting. First, find o

6、ut the most important and interesting things about speaker. Then, summarize this information in a few words. It is all right to tell a joke if it is in good taste and will not embarrass the speaker. And, most important, be brief. Remember, you are not the main speaker; you are introducing the main s

7、peaker.nextupNhome6. If you are a moderator, you should begin by giving a quick introduction of the people on the panel. After that, you should try to focus on the connections between the speakers. Keep yourself in the background. Dont talk too much, and dont cut in. Be skillful and considerate.next

8、uphome7. If you are giving a lecture or explaining an idea, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as many examples as possible, and use picture

9、s, charts or graphs if they will help you make your points more clearly. Never forget your audience. Dont talk over their heads, and dont talk down to them. Treat your audience with respect. They will appreciate your thoughtfulness.nextuphome8. If you are trying to sell something, you will need to c

10、onvince your audience. Do you want them to vote for Candidate A? are you offering them a new improved toothbrush? This kind of speech is usually dramatic, but here too, you must do your research and know your facts.nextuphome9. When you are making your speech, try to relax. Speak slowly and clearly

11、and look at people in your audience, use simple vocabulary and expressions whenever possible. Stop for a few seconds now and then to give your audience a chance to think about what you have said. Make sure that everyone in the room can hear you. If it is a large room or an auditorium, you will proba

12、bly have to use a microphone.nextuphome10. Just remember: be prepared. Know your subject, your audience, and the occasion. Be brief. Say what you have to say and then stop. Let your personality come through so that you make person-to person contact with your audience.nextuphome11. If you follow thes

13、e simple steps, youll see that you dont have to be afraid of public speaking. In fact, you may find the experience so enjoyable that you ask to make more speeches! Youre not convinced yet? Give it a try and see what happens.nextuphomepoint: n.時(shí)刻，關(guān)頭，瞬間，階段；看法，事實(shí)，要點(diǎn)v. 指引，指向 , at / to /towards sb. / sth

14、. （用指頭或物體）指，指向e.g.Many people suffer from mental illness at some point in their lives.T許多人在人生的某個(gè)階段，都會(huì)得精神病。e.g.She pointed in my direction.T她指向了我這邊。backhomeconvince: v. 1) sb. / yourself (of sth.) 使確信，使相信，使信服2）勸說，說服（某人做某事）e.g.Youll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.T你要使他們相信你殷切期盼這份工

15、作。e.g.Ive been trying to convince him to see a doctor.T我一直勸說他去看醫(yī)生。backhomecall: vt. 大聲說出，叫，叫醒vt. 稱呼，取名，起名vt. 打電話e.g.Call him if the manager doesnt wake up in time.T如果經(jīng)理不能及時(shí)醒來，就叫醒他。e.g.They called the baby Helen after their beloved teacher.T他們以自己敬愛的老師的名字海倫為自己的嬰兒起名。backe.g.nexthomevt. 邀請(qǐng)，召集，召開call bac

16、k: 召回，通知，需要（某人）返回到先前的狀況或位置；call down:挑剔找麻煩，斥責(zé)；call for: 需求，需要；call forth:喚起，振奮；call off: 取消;call upon:要求，號(hào)召；拜訪Call me (up) this evening, if its convenient to you.T如果方便的話，今天晚上給我打個(gè)電話。e.g.A celebration meeting is to be called for May 4.T定于五月四日召開慶祝大會(huì)。e.g.nextupbackhomeThe manager called the laid-off wor

17、kers back.The teacher called me down for disobedience.The occasion calls for a cool head.This is a love song that calls forth sad memories.The meeting has been called off.I call upon you to tell the truth.T經(jīng)理召回了被解雇的工人。T因我不聽話，老師訓(xùn)斥了我。這種場(chǎng)合需要頭腦冷靜。一首引起悲傷回憶的愛情歌曲。TTup會(huì)議取消了。T我要求你說真話。Tbackhomebore: n.令人厭煩的人或

18、事 v.使某人感到厭煩adj. bored / boring 無趣的，厭煩的e.g.Dont bore your guests!T不要讓你的客人厭煩backhometake out of : 取出，除去e.g.The fine will be taken out of your wages.T罰款將從你的工資中扣掉。backhomecut in (on sb. / sth.): 打斷（談話）；插嘴e.g.She kept cutting in on our conversation.“forget it.” she cut in.T我們說話時(shí)她總是插嘴。backT“算了吧！”她插嘴說。home

19、appreciate: vt. 鑒賞，欣賞，賞識(shí)vt. 感激，感謝e.g.I think that young children often appreciate modern pictures better than anyone else.He appreciate the genius Frank.T我認(rèn)為小孩對(duì)現(xiàn)代畫往往比任何人都更有鑒賞力。backT他很賞識(shí)弗蘭克的才能。e.g.We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.T我們感激你對(duì)公司發(fā)展所作出的努力。nexthomevt. 察覺，意識(shí)到e.g.We

20、 appreciate your difficculty.T我們意識(shí)到你們的困難。backnexthomesuppose: vt. （常與that 連用）認(rèn)定，猜測(cè)；假定 e.g.I suppose him to be away from home.At the present moment, he is supposed to be in Paris.lets suppose we each had 100 to spend what would we buy with it?I dont suppose Ill trouble you again.T我想他出了遠(yuǎn)門。backT現(xiàn)在，他應(yīng)在巴

21、黎。假定我們每人有100英鎊，我們?cè)撡I什么？我想我不會(huì)再麻煩你了。TTnexthomee.g.I dont think chickens can swim.I dont believe hes coming today.T我認(rèn)為雞不會(huì)游泳。backT我想他今天不會(huì)來。注意：本句中，主句是否定形式，而實(shí)際否定的是賓語從句。除suppose外，英語中think(認(rèn)為), believe （相信）等詞的用法也是這樣。固定短語be supposed to do 為“應(yīng)該，理應(yīng)”的意思。upe.g.Every pupil is supposed to be in his classroom at 9 am.T每個(gè)學(xué)生在上午9點(diǎn)都應(yīng)在教室里。homemoderate: v. 緩和，使適中adj. 適度的，中等的，溫和的，合理的，適中的e.g.By evening the wind had moderated slightly.We agreed to moderate our original demands.T到黃昏時(shí)風(fēng)稍稍減弱了。e.g.a moderate but penetrating coldnessT溫和但有穿透力的寒