工藝技術(shù)材料成型工藝基礎(chǔ)部分中英文詞匯對(duì)照

1、材料成型工藝基礎(chǔ)部分0緒論金屬材料：metal material (MR) 高分子材料：high-molecular material 陶瓷材料： ceramic material 復(fù)合材料：composition material 成形工藝：formation technology 1鑄造鑄造工藝： casting technique 鑄件：foundry goods (casting) 機(jī)器零件：machine part 毛坯：blank力學(xué)性能：mechanical property 砂型鑄造：sand casting process 型砂：foundry sand1.1 鑄件成形理論基

2、礎(chǔ)合金：alloy鑄造性能： casting property工藝性能：processing property 收縮性：constringency偏析，性：aliquation氧化性：oxidizability吸氣性：inspiratory鑄件結(jié)構(gòu)：casting structure使用性能：service performance澆不足：misrun冷隔：cold shut夾渣：cinder inclusion粘砂：sand fusion缺陷：flaw, defect, falling流動(dòng)性：flowing power鑄型：cast (foundry mold)蓄熱系數(shù)：thermal sto

3、rage capacity澆注：pouring凝固：freezing收縮性：constringency逐層凝固：layer-by-layer freezing糊狀凝固：mushy freezing結(jié)晶：crystal縮孔：shrinkage void縮松：shrinkage porosity順序凝固：progressive solidification冷鐵：iron chill補(bǔ)縮：feeding等溫線法： constant temperature line method內(nèi)接圓法：inscribed circle method鑄造應(yīng)力：casting stress變形：deforming裂紋：

4、crack機(jī)械應(yīng)力：mechanical stress熱應(yīng)力：heat stress本目變應(yīng)力：transformation stress氣孔：blow hole鑄鐵：ingot鑄專岡：cast steel非鐵合金：nonferrous alloy灰鑄鐵：gray cast-iorn孕育處理：inoculation球墨鑄鐵：spheroidal球化處理：sheroidisation可鍛鑄鐵：ductile cast iron石墨：graphite蠕墨鑄鐵：vermicular cast iron熱處理：heat processing鋁合金：Al-alloy熔煉：fusion metallurg

5、y銅合金：copper alloy氫脆：hydrogen brittleness1.2 鑄造方法(casting method)手工造型：hand moulding機(jī)器造型：machine moulding金屬型： metal mold casting金屬模：permanent mould壓力鑄造：press casting熔模鑄造：investment moulding蠟?zāi)ぃ篶ere離心鑄造：centrifugal casting低壓鑄造： casting under low pressure差壓鑄造：counter-pressure casting陶瓷型鑄造：shaw process1.3

6、 鑄造工藝設(shè)計(jì)澆注位置：pouring position分型面：mould joint活塊：loose piece起模：patter drawing型芯：core 型芯撐：chaplet工藝參數(shù)：processing parameterF芯：core setting合型：mould assembly冒 口 ： casting head尺寸公差：dimensional tolerance尺寸公差帶：tolerance zone機(jī)械力口工余量：machining allowance鑄孔：core hole非標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：nonstandard label收縮率：rate of contraction線收縮

7、：linear contraction體收縮：volume contraction起模斜度：pattern draft鑄造圓角： curving of castings芯頭：core register芯頭間隙：clearance芯座：core print seat分型線：joint line分模線：die parting line1.4 鑄造結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性加強(qiáng)筋：rib reinforcement撒砂：stuccoing內(nèi)腔：entocoele2金屬塑性加工塑性加工：plastic working塑性：plastic property鍛造：forge work沖壓：punching軋制：rolli

8、ng拉拔：drawing擠壓：extruding名田化 晶粒： grain refinement熱鍛：hit-forging溫鍛：warm forging2.1 金屬塑性加工理論基礎(chǔ)塑性變形：plastic yield力口工硬化：work-hardening韌性：ductility回復(fù)溫度：return temperature再結(jié)晶：recrystallize再結(jié)晶退火：full annealing冷變形：cold deformation熱變性：heat denaturation鍛造比：forging ratio鍛粗：upset拔長(zhǎng)：pull out纖維組織：fibrous tissue鍛造性

9、能：forging property可鍛性：forgeability變形抗力：resistance of deformation化學(xué)成分：chemical constitution熱脆性：hot brittleness冷脆性：cold-shortness變形速度：deformation velocity應(yīng)力狀態(tài)：stress condition變形溫度：deformation temperature過(guò)熱：overheating過(guò)燒：burning脫碳：carbon elimination始鍛溫度：initiation forging temperature終鍛溫度：final forging

10、temperature2.2 金屬塑性加工方法自由鍛：flat-die hammer沖孔：jetting彎曲：bend彎曲半徑：bending radius切割：cut扭轉(zhuǎn)：twist rotation錯(cuò)移：offsetting鍛接：percussion基本工序：basic process輔助工序：auxiliary process精整工序：finishing process模鍛：contour forging鍛模：forging die胎膜鍛：fetal membrane forging剪床：shearing machine沖床：backing-out punch沖裁：blanking彈性變

11、形：elastic distortion塑性變形：plastic yield剪切變形：shearing deformation最小彎曲半徑： minimum bending radius曲率：angularity彎裂：rupture回彈：rebound輻軋：roll forming輻鍛：roll forging斜軋：oblique rolling橫軋：transverse rolling輾壓：tamping drum 擠壓：extruding 拉拔：draft2.3 塑性加工工藝設(shè)計(jì)工藝規(guī)程：process specification 鍛件圖：forging drawing 敷料：dressi

12、ng鍛件余量：forging allowance 鍛件公差：forging tolerance 工夾具：clamping apparatus 力口熱設(shè)備：firing equipment 力口熱規(guī)范：heating schedule 冷去口規(guī)范： cooling schedule 后續(xù)處理：after treatment 分模面：die parting face 沖孑1連皮： punching the wad 模鍛斜度：draft angle 圓角半徑：radius of corner圓餅類鍛件： circumcresent cake-like forging長(zhǎng)軸類鍛件：long axis-l

13、ike forging2.4 鍛件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性錐體：cone斜面：cant空間曲線：curve in space 粗糙度：degree of roughness2.5 沖壓件結(jié)構(gòu)工藝性3焊接焊接：welding鐘接：riverting熔焊：fusion welding 壓焊：press welding 釬焊：braze welding3.1 焊接理論基礎(chǔ)冶金： metallurgy 電弧焊：arc welding 氣焊：acetylene welding 電渣焊：electro-slag welding 高能束焊：high energy welding 電子焊：electronic weldin

14、g 激光焊：laser welding 等離子焊：plasma welding 電?。篹lectric arc 陽(yáng)極區(qū)：anode region陰極區(qū)：negative polarity弧柱區(qū)：arc stream正接法：electrode negative method反接法：opposition method脫氧齊ij: deoxidizing agent焊縫：welded seam焊縫區(qū)：weld zone熔合區(qū)：fusion area熱影響區(qū)：heat-affected zone脆性斷裂：brittle fracture過(guò)熱區(qū)：overheated zone正火區(qū)：normalized

15、 zone相變區(qū)：phase change zone焊接應(yīng)力：welding stress收縮變形：contraction distortion角變形：angular deformation彎曲變形：bend deformation扭曲變形：warping deformation波浪變形：wave transformation反變形法：reversible deformation method剛性固定法：rigid fixing method預(yù)熱：warming-up緩冷：slow cool焊后熱處理：postweld heat treatment矯形處理：shape-righting3.2

16、焊接方法埋弧焊：hidden arc welding氣體保護(hù)焊： gas shielded arc welding瀛弧焊：argon welding熔化極瀛弧焊： consumable electrode argon welding鴇極瀛弧焊：argon tungsten-arc welding二氧化碳?xì)怏w保護(hù)焊：CO2 gas shielded arc welding碳弧焊：carbon arc welding碳弧氣包“： carbon arc air gouging電渣焊：electro-slag welding高能焊：high grade energy welding等離子弧切割：pla

17、sma arc cutting (PAC)堆焊：bead weld電阻焊：resistance welding電焊：electric welding縫焊：seam welding壓焊：press welding多點(diǎn) 凸焊： multiple projection welding對(duì)焊：welding neck摩擦焊：friction welding擴(kuò)散焊：diffusion welding硬釬料：brazing alloy軟釬料：soft solder3.3 常用金屬材料的焊接焊接性：weldability焊接方法：welding method焊接材料：welding material焊條：el

18、ectrode焊齊ij ： flux material碳素專岡：carbon steel彳氐碳專岡：low carbon steel中碳專岡： medium carbon steel高碳鋼：high carbon steel 彳氐合金專岡：lean alloy steel 不銹車岡：non-corrosive steel 有色金屬：nonferrous metal3.4 焊接工藝設(shè)計(jì)型材：sectional bar藥皮：coating焊絲：soldering wire連續(xù)焊縫：continuous weld斷續(xù)焊縫：interm讓tent weld應(yīng)力集中：stress concentrati

19、on焊接接頭：soldered joint坡口： groove對(duì)接：abutting joint搭接：lap joint角接：corner joint4 粉末冶金(power metallurgy)粉末冶金成品：finished power metallurgical product鐵氧體：ferrite硬質(zhì)合金：sintered-carbide高熔點(diǎn)金屬：high-melting metal陶瓷：ceramic4.1 粉末冶金工藝?yán)碚摶A(chǔ)壓坯：pressed compact擴(kuò)散：diffusion燒結(jié)：agglomeration固溶:solid solubility化合：combinatio

20、n4.2 粉末冶金的工藝流程制備：preparation預(yù)處理：anticipation還原法：reduction method電解法：electrolytic method霧化法：atomization粒度：grain size松裝密度：loose density流動(dòng)性：flowing power壓縮性：compressibility篩分：screen separation混合：compounding制粒：pelletization過(guò)燒：superburning欠燒：underburnt5金屬?gòu)?fù)合成型技術(shù)自蔓延焊接：SHS welding熱等靜壓：HIP準(zhǔn)熱等靜壓：PHIP5.1 液態(tài)成型技

21、術(shù)與固態(tài)成型技術(shù)的復(fù)合高壓鑄造：high-pressure casting電磁泵：magnetic-pump壓射成型：injection molding柱塞：plunger piston沖頭：drift pin凝固法：freezing method擠壓法：extrusion method轉(zhuǎn)向節(jié)：knuckle pivot制動(dòng)器：arresting gear5.2 金屬半凝固、半熔融成型技術(shù)凝固：freezing半熔融：semi-vitreous觸變鑄造：thixotropy casting 觸變鍛造：thixotropy forging注射成型：injection molding5.3 其他金

22、屬成型新技術(shù)快速凝固：flash set非晶態(tài)：amorphous溢流法：press over system噴射沉積：ejecting deposit爆炸復(fù)合法： explosion cladding method 擴(kuò)散焊接：diffusion welding擠壓：extruding軋制：roll down6非金屬材料成型技術(shù)6.1 高分子材料成型技術(shù) 高分子材料：non-metal material耐腐蝕：resistant material絕緣：insulation老化：ageing耐熱性：heat-durability粘彈性：viscoelasticity塑料：plastic mater

23、ial橡膠：rubber合成纖維：synthetic fibre涂料：covering material粘結(jié)齊J: agglomerant粘度：viscosity熱塑性塑料：thermoplastic plastics 熱固性塑料：thermosetting plastic 通用塑料：general-purpose plastics 工程塑料：engineering plastic 薄膜：thin film增強(qiáng)塑料：reinforced plastics澆注塑料：pouring plastics注射塑料：injiection plastics擠出塑料：extrusion plastics吹塑塑料：blowing plastics模壓塑料： die pressing plastics 聚合物：ploymer semicon