高考英語短文改錯答題技巧

1、高考英語短文改錯答題技巧短文改錯題檢測考生發(fā)現(xiàn)、判斷、糾正文章錯誤的能力.進(jìn)而考察學(xué)生的詞法、句法及行文邏輯等方面的水平，考察學(xué)生在語篇中綜合運(yùn)用英語的能力考生英語水平的高低完全可以從這一題型體現(xiàn)出來然而很多考生對該題感到束手無策.關(guān)鍵在于找不到錯誤、不會找錯誤。那么怎樣找錯誤、發(fā)現(xiàn)錯誤就成了解題的關(guān)鍵。短文改錯解題思路和檢查原則：1.句中各部分的結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整，特別是每個句子要有動詞;2. 謂語動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài);3.非謂語動詞的用法;4.名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)，格的使用是否正確;5.定冠詞和不定冠詞是否正確;6.代詞的格和性的使用是否有誤;7.定語從句中關(guān)系代詞、副詞是否準(zhǔn)確無誤;8.并列句中的并列連

2、詞、主從復(fù)合句中的從屬連詞用的是否得當(dāng)。短文改錯解題四原則：改動以最少為原則; 虛詞以添加或刪除為原則; 實(shí)詞以改變詞形為原則以保持句子原意為原則。短文改錯解題步驟：通讀全文，掌握大意; 整句分析，逐行推敲反復(fù)通讀，復(fù)查驗(yàn)證。解題注意要點(diǎn)和能力培養(yǎng)：1.核對錯項(xiàng)時，若的確有一時難以改出的地方，可以參考所改動項(xiàng)是否基本符合“1：1：8”的比例。即多一詞1個，缺詞1個，錯詞8個。2.核對改正的語法項(xiàng)目是否有重復(fù)。因?yàn)槎涛母腻e往往覆蓋面廣，一般不會出現(xiàn)重復(fù)考查某個語法點(diǎn)的現(xiàn)象。3.核對答題符號是否規(guī)范，位置是否準(zhǔn)確，看看有無遺漏符號，忽略字母大小寫和拼寫等問題。短文改錯常見錯誤類型：1. 謂語動詞的

3、錯誤是歷年考試的重點(diǎn)和熱點(diǎn)，常見動詞錯誤類型有一般現(xiàn)在時與一般過去時錯用;and前后動詞時態(tài)不一致;主謂不一致; 缺少動詞,特別是be動詞; 第三人稱單數(shù)形式錯用;主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)錯用。 Theydid not want me to do any work at home; they want me to devote allmy time to my studies.(did改為do，錯誤類型屬于) As weclimbed the mountain, we fed monkeys, visiting temples and toldstories. (visiting 改為visited

4、, 錯誤類型屬于) Therewill an important game next month. (will后加be,錯誤類型屬于) Oneevening she told me that something happened when her parents wasout. ( was 改為were，錯誤類型屬于)2. 名詞的常見錯誤：單復(fù)數(shù)名詞錯用，可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞錯用。Ill get good marks in all mysubject.(subject改為subjects) Theirword were a great encouragement to me.(word改為wo

5、rds) Withoutenough knowledges, you can never teach well.(knowledges改為knowledge)3. 連詞錯誤連詞包括關(guān)系代詞、副詞，并列連詞and/ or/but等。關(guān)于連詞，一般考查從句關(guān)系who/whom/whose/what/which/how/why/when/where/if/whether等。 I havea good friend whos name is Liu Mei. (錯用了who的所有格形式，改為whose) I teachthem, play with them, but watch them growi

6、ng up.(此處應(yīng)該是并列的關(guān)系而非轉(zhuǎn)折，but改為and) Cleveras she is, but she works very hard.(as意為“盡管”，不能再跟but連用，所以去掉but)4. 冠詞錯誤：誤用a和an(根據(jù)單詞的第一個音素來判定);誤用a/an和the(固定搭配，或泛指、特指;多冠詞或少冠詞) We maybe one family and live under a same roof. (a 改為the，thesame 是固定搭配) Aseveryone knows, its famous mountain with all kinds ofpants. (mo

7、untain是可數(shù)名詞需用冠詞，所以其前加a) I hopeyou have pleasant journey.(journey是可數(shù)名詞，故have后加a)5. 形容詞和副詞錯誤：系動詞后用形容詞(be/am/is/are/was/were/become/go/感官性動詞smell/feel);詞性的誤用(形容詞修飾名詞;副詞修飾動詞、形容詞)。Im sure well have a wonderfully timetogether. (time是名詞所以要用形容詞wonderful修飾) Mypronunciation was terribly.(was后用形容詞，terribly改為te

8、rrible.)6. 代詞錯誤：代詞的主格和賓格(I / me;he/him; she/ her; we/ us they/ them )錯誤;反身代詞(myself/yourself/himself/herself/themselves/ourselves)使用錯誤;代詞的單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)使用錯誤;代詞指代錯誤;多代詞或少代詞。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning toexpress me in simple English. (me 改為myself) One dayI wrote a little

9、story and showed to my teacher.(to前加it) If anyone of us had any difficulty in our life and study, the other wouldhelp him out. (other后加s) Whatsmore, you have to be friends with your pupils and take good care ofhim. (him改為them)7. 非謂語動詞的常見錯誤：不定式、動名詞作主語、賓語時;and連接的不定式或動名詞前后不一致(尤其距離較遠(yuǎn)時);介詞后用動名詞形式作賓語;某些動詞

10、后要求接動名詞或不定式。 Soon Ibegan to enjoy talk to myself on paper. (enjoy 后需接動名詞，talk改為talking) But hisparents think go to college is more important than playing sports.(go作主語,應(yīng)改為going) Children may not develop the habit of read and the abilityto enjoy themselves. (介詞后用動名詞形式作賓語，read改為reading) Iparticularly

11、enjoyed driving through the countryside with you andsaw the changing colors of the leaves on the trees. (and連接的不定式或動名詞前后不一致，故saw改為seeing)8. 介詞錯誤：詞組中的介詞誤用;介詞意思理解偏差;介詞的多用或少用 Thereare too many people among my family. (among改為in，in myfamily 為固定搭配) I wasso tired that I fell asleep at the moment my head t

12、ouched thepillow. (去掉at, themoment 引導(dǎo)從句)倒數(shù)十天之短文改錯1假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。 Dear Peter, As the Internet is developing fast, more and m

13、ore new words and phrases have been created in Chinese. Here are some examples. One of the most popular words are Dianzan, which is often use when you quite agree with someone. Another example is Renxing. When we say somebody is Renxing, you mean that they will do whatever they liked. The phrase Mia

14、osha first came on online shopping, which means you can complete your shopping orders before other. But now its wide used when you achieve your purpose in very short time. If you will describe somebody as a Tuhao, you mean that he is very rich. You can find lots of such new Chinese words. Keep learn

15、ing, youll know more about our language and culture.All the best!Yours, Li Hua2. In my village a lot of children have left school for many different reasorn Some families are so poor to send their children to school，so their kids have to earn money to support their familiesThere are also many parent

16、s do not think it useless to send their children to schoolThey prefer to have their children do something else rather than to let them go to schoolI feel worried thisI think every children should havethe opportunity to receive educationAnd it is necessary of Us to care about the children，because one

17、 day they will play important part in the construction of our countrySo ways must be found to prevent children from leave off their sttldies3.Last Saturday I went to the library as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up

18、to see what was happening. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him

19、 and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid saved. I was proud with what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.4. Last Tuesday, the Students Union in our school advised that Senior Three students shall do something specially for their parents on t

20、heir 18th birthdays. All the students are active in responding it and most of them have come up with their ideas. Some choose to write a letter saying its best way to express their appreciations as well as love for their parents. Others will prefer to cook a big meal to show that theyve already grow

21、n up. As for me, I want to do up hair and wash feet for my parents. By doing which my parents have been doing for me I can really know how much theyve devoted to bring me up. Being 18 years old mean that we should learn to be independent and that we should be responsible for us. 5. I often go to a w

22、eekend school. So did many of my classmates. This seems popular among students. Good weekend schools have excellent teachers which help us improve our studies. Besides, we get to know students from another schools and learn about their campus of life. So every coin has two sides. Our school work is

23、already a heavy burden. Extra lesson often take up too much of our time. In addition, pay lots of attention to the extra lessons will affect their school subjects. We may also find ourselves very tired on Mondays to concentrate on the lessons in our own school. We should think seriously about this i

24、ssue and make best use of our time. 6. My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was

25、 flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flying down at us from the sky they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. That day I didnt learn much about animals, i

26、nsects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity! 7. Dear Angela, I am so happy to learn you are coming to study in our school and stay at my home. My home is at No.58, Mingzu Street. A five-minutes walk from my home along Mingzu Street will lead you to a crossroads, when Mingzu Stree

27、t meets Baohu Road. On the corner of the crossroads lie a shopping mall, where you can get everything you needed. Walking for about 300 meter along Baohu Road, youll see our school on right. There we will spend most of the daytime. In the end of Mingzu Street stands the new railway station, and that

28、 its easy for you to reach. As a bus stop is just next to my home, Bus No.23 will direct take you there. I cant wait to seeing you in China. Yours, Li Hua 8.It was quiet, sunny afternoon. I was sitting in the garden, read the Sunday newspaper and expecting a couple of hour of peace. Then I hear a lo

29、ud knock on the door. I saw about twelve ladies wearing her Sunday clothes. They said, “Well, we hope we are not late, so it is not easy to find your house.” One lady said, “Well, your husband is very kind to inviting us to tea.” I thought, “My God, my husband must have been mad.” I asked for them i

30、nto the house and they sat down and started talking happy. But when my husband appeared, it was quickly discovered that they should have gone to the house on the another side of the street.9.My father took me out camping for the first time when I was seven. He wanted teach me about animals, insects

31、and trees. My uncles all come along with bows and arrows for hunting. One evening at sunset, we sat by the fire, have our barbecue. Just then a bird was flying over us. My uncles immediate jumped up and shot their arrows on the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target. Suddenly the arrows was flyi

32、ng down at us from the sky they were looked like rain! We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured. That day I didnt learn much about animals, insects or trees, but I learnt a impressive lesson about gravity!10.This morning I went to the shoes shop to buy a pair of new shoes. When I got ther

33、e, I noticed a foreign lady talk to a salesgirl. But the salesgirl didnt understand that the foreigner was saying. They both looked worrying. I went up to help them. The lady is Australian. She wanted to buy a pair of traveling shoes. So I told it to the salesgirl. The lady was very much glad when s

34、he took it. She sings high praise for my spoken English. All of them expressed their thanks to me. I felt happy that I expressed myself free in English.11. I often dream of being a teacher. I dream of standing in the platform in the classroom and give lessons to lovely boys and girls. I teach them,

35、play with them, watch them growing up. I am always young when I was staying with them. I know there is not easy to be a teacher. Without enough knowledges, you can never teach good. Besides, you have to make friends with your pupils and take good care of him. Though I am a student now, but I will wo

36、rk very hard to make my dream comes true.12. I saw an accident happen on my way to home this afternoon . A girl as well as her classmateswere crossing the street on a zebra crossing after a young man drove a motorbike towards her . Theyoung man saw the girl and tried to stop , and he drove too fast

37、to stop . He hit the girl and fell offhis motorbike . The girl was bad hurt and couldnt move . The young man didnt know how to do .I ran to a phone box nearby and dialed . Soon the police arrive . They sent her the hospital at once .One of the policeman talked to the young man and wrote something do

38、wn while he was talking .I think it is danger to drive very fast .13.When I was a child, I hoped to live in the city. I think I would be happy there. Now I am living in a city, but I miss my home in countryside. There the air is clean or the mountains are green. Unfortunately, on the development of

39、industrialization, the environment has been polluted. Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier. Much rare animals are dying out. We must found ways to protect your environment. If we fail to

40、 do so, well live to regret it.14.Something was happened while I was ill. While I was hugging me with pain, my two beautiful dogs lay right beside me. They were squeezed in the sofa so tight that I could hardly move. They were my comfort. While I was in my own little world of sickness, the weather o

41、utside becomes warm. People were cutting away the dead brown branch, ready new blooms. I walked outside and to my astonished, my hedge was blooming, due to which my illness seemed to take a turn for the better.Today, I feel so thankful to my health. Maybe sometimes we really need to feel painful, so

42、 that we can appreciate the time where we feel good. That is so easy not to care too much how other people feel or what they are going through.15.Dear Diary,Here I am in the middle of a city, 350 miles far away from our farmhouse. Do you want to know why we move last week? Dad lost his job, and as M

43、om explained, “He was lucky to find other one.” His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmate, my school or just everything else I love in the world. To make things bad, now I have to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie. Tomorrow is first day of school. I am awfully tiring, but I kn

44、ow Ill never fall sleep.Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir(紀(jì)念品) from my past life and my only friend.Yours,Rosemary16. Once, when l was a teenager, my father and l were standing in line to buy ticketsfor the circus. Finally, there was only one family among us and the ticke

45、t counter. This family made deep impression on me. There were eight children, both probably under the age of twelve. You could tell they didnt have a lot of money. Their clothes was not expensive, and they were clean. The children were well- behaved, all of us standing in line, two-by-two behind the

46、ir parents, held hands. They were excitedly talking about the clowns, elephants and another performances where that they would see that night. Everyone could sense they have never been to the circus before.17.Im glad to hear the news what youll come to Hangzhou for a visit. You know, Hangzhou is the

47、 beautiful city on the east coast of China. It is said that Marco Polo, a well-known Italy traveler once visits Hangzhou, and was struck by its beautifully scenery. Hangzhou is one of the oldest city with a long history. It was the capital of several dyn asties. As a result, it has a lot famous temp

48、les and old towers. The West Lake, with green hills on three sides or many beautiful parks around, attracts a large number of visitors at home and at abroad. I think youll have a good time during your stay in Hangzhou. Im looking forward to see you here soon.18. Dear David, I have recently felt guil

49、ty, stay sleepless at night. You may wonder how. To tell you the truth, it is just because of the fact that I seldom cheat in exams and I just cant stop me. In many exams, I used cellphones to surf the net for answer. Besides, I sometimes referred them to my notebooks so copied something. As you kno

50、w, cheating do much harm to our learning and self-confidence. Its time that I take action to stop it. I would appreciate it you could offer me some advice. Looking forward to your reply! 19.The environment pollution is more and more seriously today. We have no clean water to drink it because of wate

51、r pollution. And when trees cut down, some animals disappear. There was more and more dirty smoke in the air. Peoples health has been greatly affecting by air, noise and water pollution. Many people have died of disease caused by pollution. In order to live the better life, its time for us to protec

52、t our world. Firstly, we shouldnt throw away rubbish everywhere. And we should recycle, reduce and reuse things, what saves money and reduces pollution. Use things so long as possible. Dont use plastic bags. Besides, we must plant more trees and stop people cut them down. We hope our world will be m

53、ore and more beautiful. 20. Dear Angela, I am so happy to learn you are coming to study in our school and stay at my home. My home is at No.58, Mingzu Street. A five-minutes walk from my home along Mingzu Street will lead you to a crossroads, when Mingzu Street meets Baohu Road. On the corner of the

54、 crossroads lie a shopping mall, where you can get everything you needed. Walking for about 300 meter along Baohu Road, youll see our school on right. There we will spend most of the daytime. In the end of Mingzu Street stands the new railway station, and that its easy for you to reach. As a bus sto

55、p is just next to my home, Bus No.23 will direct take you there. I cant wait to seeing you in China. Yours, Li Hua 【答案】1.Dear Peter, As the Internet is developing fast, more and more new words and phrases have been created in Chinese. Here are some examples. One of the most popular words areDianzan, which is often use when you quite agree with someone. Another example is usedisRenxing.