液壓支架論文

1、隨著采煤綜合機(jī)械化程度的不斷提高，液壓支架的發(fā)展速度較快，研制工作就顯得尤為重要。鑒于我國(guó)煤炭資源豐富，分布面廣，且地質(zhì)賦存條件復(fù)雜等因素，液壓支架有以下幾方面的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)： (1)多樣化 任何一種型式的液壓支架都是在一定的條件下使用的，因此必須研制更多品種和不同性能的支架，尤其是多研制支撐掩護(hù)式和掩護(hù)式支架* (2)強(qiáng)力化 為了適應(yīng)堅(jiān)硬頂板的生產(chǎn)要求，已研制出工作阻力高達(dá)10刪kN的支架，今后還要研制高初撐力和高工作阻力的強(qiáng)力支架。 (3)自動(dòng)化 隨著電牽引采煤機(jī)的問世和快速發(fā)展，要求配套的液壓支架具有很快的動(dòng)作速度和較大的移動(dòng)步距。為了加快支架的動(dòng)作速度必須增大供液系統(tǒng)流量和改善操作條件、控

2、制方式，即高壓力、大流量泵站(壓力為45Wd，流量為300 Lmin)、配合微型計(jì)算機(jī)的電液先導(dǎo)控制等自動(dòng)控制方向發(fā)展。 (4)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化 目前，我國(guó)在大力發(fā)展支架品種的同時(shí)，要特別注意元件標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，以提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量和使用壽命，降低成本。 中國(guó)、俄羅斯等煤層賦存條件多樣、復(fù)雜的國(guó)家，致力開發(fā)了適應(yīng)各種煤層條件酌、多功能的系列液壓支架。如適應(yīng)于堅(jiān)硬煤層頂板條件的商阻力強(qiáng)力支架，適應(yīng)于厚煤層開采的大采高和放頂煤液壓支架，適應(yīng)于薄煤層開采和急傾斜煤層開采的特種支架等。盡管這些液壓支架的自動(dòng)化程度與國(guó)外先進(jìn)國(guó)家相比還較低，但與原開采方法及所使用的設(shè)備相比較，仍然有了長(zhǎng)足酌技術(shù)進(jìn)步。我國(guó)目前也正在開發(fā)研制達(dá)到國(guó)

3、際水平的畝產(chǎn)高效成套設(shè)備，并且取得了很大的成功?？傊S著綜采技術(shù)的推廣和生產(chǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的積累，工人技術(shù)素質(zhì)的提高，新型支架的研制與創(chuàng)新，使液壓支架的應(yīng)用范圍不斷的擴(kuò)大，已由單一煤層、分層開采，逐步應(yīng)用于堅(jiān)硬板煤層、 “三軟”煤層、特厚煤層、薄煤層和急傾斜煤層酌綜合機(jī)械化開采。由于液壓支報(bào)應(yīng)用條件酌復(fù)雜化，開采方法酌多樣化和高產(chǎn)高效的要求，就普遍要求支架的結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度大，支護(hù)阻力高。而妥滿足支架結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度大、工作阻力高的要求，一是采用目前國(guó)內(nèi)不能滿足9t進(jìn)口優(yōu)質(zhì)高強(qiáng)度鋼材，這樣勢(shì)必大幅度增加文架的創(chuàng)造成本；二是采用國(guó)產(chǎn)鋼材，增大支架的結(jié)構(gòu)，這樣一來不僅增加了支架的制造成本，還大幅度地增加了支架的重量，給支

4、架的運(yùn)輸、使用、搬遷和安拆維修都來了許多困難。因此，目前因液壓支架結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度加大、工作阻力提高而導(dǎo)致支架重量和制造成本的大幅度增加已成為擺在支架的制造企業(yè)和使用單位而前的一個(gè)十分尖銳的問題。As the coal mining mechanization General improvement of hydraulic support the development of faster development is particularly important. In view of our country rich in coal resources, the distribution of

5、a wide range of conditions and the geological occurrence of complex factors such as hydraulic support has the following aspects of the development trends: (1) diversification of any one type of hydraulic support are used under certain conditions, and therefore must develop more varieties and differe

6、nt properties of stents, especially the development of many support the cover and the cover of stent * (2) strong and hard roof in order to adapt to the production requirements, has developed resistance to as high as 10 job kN delete the frame, the future would also like to support the development o

7、f high early strength and high resistance to strong job stent. (3) automated with the advent of electric traction shearer and rapid development, the requirements of the hydraulic support package with fast speed and larger mobile step. Stent in order to speed up the movement speed. For fluid systems

8、must be increased to improve the flow and operating conditions, control methods, namely, high pressure, large flow pumping station (for the stress 45Wd, flow rate 300 L / min), with micro-computers, such as electro-hydraulic pilot control the direction of the development of automatic control. (4) st

9、andardization currently in the active development of our country stent species simultaneously, paying particular attention to the standardization of components to improve product quality and service life and reduce costs. China, Russia and other conditions of coal seam occurrence and diverse, comple

10、x country, is committed to the development of a discretion to adapt to a variety of seam conditions, multi-functional series of hydraulic support. Such as adaptation to the hard seam roof conditions resistance to a strong frame, adapted to the big mining thick coal seam mining height and caving hydr

11、aulic support, adapted to thin seam mining and steep seam mining and other special stent. Although these hydraulic support the degree of automation compared with foreign advanced countries is still relatively low, but with the original mining methods and equipment used in comparison, still have cons

12、iderable discretion in technical progress. Our country is also being developed to meet international standards of per-mu yield efficient equipment, and achieved great success. In short, with the fully mechanized mining technologies and production experience, labor skills and enhance the quality, the

13、 new stent research and innovation, so that the scope of application of hydraulic supports continued expansion of coal seam from a single, hierarchical extraction, the gradual application in hard coal board, "three soft" coal seam, extra-thick coal seam, thin seam and steep seam mining mec

14、hanization General discretion. Reported because of the hydraulic support complex application conditions of discretion, the discretion of the diversification of mining methods and high production and high efficiency requirements, on the general requirements of structural strength stent, and high supp

15、ort resistance. And properly meet the stent structural strength, and resistance to high job demands, one should not meet current domestic 9t import high-quality high-strength steel, this is bound to a significant increase in the cost to create the text frame; two are using China-made steel, increasing the structure of stent , so that not only increased the stent manufacturing costs, but also significantly increased the weight of stent to stent transport, use, relocation and repair security have come down much difficult. Therefore, at present, due to the hydraulic su