同位語從句語法專題講解

1、班高中英語語法專題講解專題二、同位語從句一、同位語從句概述同位語從句是用以解釋說明某一名詞內(nèi)容的從句，常見的可以被同位語從句修飾的名詞有：belief, chance, doubt, hope, idea, news, opinion, thought, promise 等。弓I導(dǎo)同位語從句的詞 有連詞 that, whether 和副詞 how, when, where 等。二、同位語從句(1) 同位語從句是意義完整的陳述句時(shí)，用連詞 that引導(dǎo)。注：that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用，通常不省略。eg： I got the newsthat he would come to s

2、ee me the next week.(2) 同位語從句是疑問句時(shí)，應(yīng)根據(jù)語境選用who, when ,where, how, whether(不能用if)等詞來引導(dǎo)。eg: The questionwho is the best for the job requires consideration.(3) 分隔式同位語從句：當(dāng)主句的謂語較短，而同位語從句較長時(shí)，為了使句子保持平衡，常把同位語從句后置。eg: An idea came to him that he could buy her a diamond ring.(4) 4)后面常跟同位語的詞有：doubt, fact, hope,

3、 idea, message, news, possibility, promise,question, suggestion,truth,thought,warning,wish 等。 注：advice, order, suggestion等詞表示建議、命令的詞后的同位語從句中的謂語動(dòng) 詞須用(should) +動(dòng)詞原形eg: He made the suggestiorthat the meeting(should) be put off.三、同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別(1) 所表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不同：同位語從句和定語從句一般是放在某一名詞后面，但同位語從句是對(duì)該名詞的解釋和說明，而定語從句是對(duì)該

4、名詞的修飾，說明它的性質(zhì)特 征。eg: The fact that he presented was a strong proof.The fact that she hadn't said anything surprised us all.(2) 在句中所起的語法作用不同：引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，它的作用是連接主句和從句，并代表先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)句子成分，而且 that作賓語時(shí)可省略， 指物時(shí)，可以用 which代替。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that是連詞，只起連接主句和從句的作用，它不充當(dāng)任何成分，不能省略，也不可被which代替eg: We expressed the hop

5、ethat Mr and Mrs Smith would come to visit China the next year.The news that we heard spread all over the city.(3)所修飾的詞不盡相同：同位語從句所修飾的名詞數(shù)量有限，往往是含有某種信息的詞，如： message,news,fact,hope,desire,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,questtion, order, belief, doubt, fear, truth, throught等，而定語從句修飾的先行詞無此限制。(4)wh-引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)同

6、位語從句時(shí)，有其本身的疑問含義；引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)則沒有疑問的意思。eg: I have no idea where the meeting will be held.He is the only one of these boys who can speak Franch.跟蹤練習(xí)：1、There is no obvious evidence there is life on any other planet in the solar system.A. which B. that C. how D. where2、My friend showed me round the town,was v

7、ery kind of him.A. which B. that C. where D. it3、Many children,parents are away working in big cities,are taken good care of in the village.A. their B. whoseC. of themD. with whom4、Many young people in the West are expected to leave could be life 's most importantdecision marriage-almost entirel

8、y up to luck.A. as B. that C. which D. what定語從句及位語從句專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練1. That ishe said.A. all whatB. all whichC. all thatD. all which2. These are things and personsve heard of.A. whoB. whomC. whichD. thatA. whatB. thatC. which D. in which3. Please tell me everything you know.A. whatB. thatC. whichD. all what4. W

9、e know the fact he has gone to college.A. thatB. whichC. what D. why5.I received the news Xiao Ping had passed away. 6. This is the thing _he referred to.A. whoB. whomC./D. what 7. This is the building, in front of there is a dog lying on the ground.A. thatB. whichC. itD./ 8. Those are the students,

10、 most of are very active.A. thatB. themC.whichD.whom.9. The girl _father lives in Beijing won the first prize in maths.A. whoB. whoseC.whomD that10. The factory _wework is very big.A. thatB. whichC. where D. who 11. The factory _we visited is very big.A. thatB. whereC. in whichD. onwhich 12. This is

11、 the day _we joined the army.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. in which 13. The days _we spent last year will not be forgotten.A. thatB. on whichC. in whichD.when 14. He has such a book _I borrowed from the library.A. whichB. thatC. asD. what 15. He made the same progress _I did in my entrance examination.A.

12、 whatB. thatC. on whichD. as 16. The reason _he gave me was not reasonable.A. that B. whyC. forD. for which 17. September 18, 1913 is the day we ll never forget.A. thatB. whenC. on whichD. on that 18. I remember the day _I first came to the college.A. on which B. in whichC. whichD. that 19. Is this

13、factory _we visited last year? 20. Is this the factory _your father worked?A. where B. which C. of whichD. in that 21. This is the factory _we visited the day before yesterday.A. whereB. whichC. the oneD. at which 22. Is this the factorycolour TV sets are produced?A. thatB. whichC. in whichD. in tha

14、t 23. Where is the window _glass is broken?A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. its 24. The book, the cover_is broken, is not mine.A. of itB. forC. whoseD. of which 25. His father is an engineer, _makes him very proud.A. for whatB. whichC. thatD. what26.That was the reasonMac refused to speak at the meeting.A.

15、 whyB. thatC. whichD. of which 27. The knifewe cut the bread is very sharp.A. with whichB. that whichC. which withD. which 28. Is there anything _I can do for you?A. whichB. whatC. thatD. whom 29.This is the fact _he is very smart.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. where 30. I got the news _he will go abroad.

16、A. thatB. whichC. whatD. on which 31. This is the worker, _the book was written.A. whoB. whomC. ofD. by whom 32. This is the reasonhe was put into prison.A. of itB. for itC. in whichD. for which 33. My father made a promise _he would buy me a toll.A. thatB. whichC. whatD. when 歷屆高考題 1.A child _paren

17、ts are dead is called an orphan.A. whichB. hisC. whose D.with 2. All is needed is a supply of oilA. the thingB. thatC. whatD. which 3. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows, most of hadn t beencleaned for at least a year.A. theseB. thoseC. thatD. which 4. His parents wouldn t let him marry an

18、yone family was poorA. of whomB. whomC. of whoseD. whose 5. She heard a terrible noise, brought her heart into her mouthA. itB. whichC. thisD.that 6. Alice received an invitation from her boss, came as surpriseA. itB. thatC. whichD. he 7. In the dark street, there wasn t a single person she could turn for help.A. thatB. whoC. from whom D. to whom 8. _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school isinteresting.A. Wh