高三化學(xué)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題2 第1單元 氧化還原反應(yīng)課件 蘇教版 (283)

1、八、議論文寫作八、議論文寫作寫作指南寫作指南常用句型常用句型寫作實(shí)例寫作實(shí)例佳作向?qū)Ъ炎飨驅(qū)Х段捏w驗(yàn)范文體驗(yàn)寫作指南寫作指南 議論文是以議論為主要表達(dá)方式的一種常用文體議論文是以議論為主要表達(dá)方式的一種常用文體, ,它通過擺事實(shí)、講它通過擺事實(shí)、講道理、辨是非等道理、辨是非等, ,來表達(dá)作者的見解和主張。中學(xué)英語書面表達(dá)所要求的來表達(dá)作者的見解和主張。中學(xué)英語書面表達(dá)所要求的議論文議論文, ,是一種限定的寫作是一種限定的寫作, ,其論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證都比較明確其論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證都比較明確, ,考生可以結(jié)考生可以結(jié)合題目要求合題目要求, ,闡述相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)闡述相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn), ,切忌隨意發(fā)揮。切忌隨意發(fā)

2、揮。 寫好議論文要注意以下幾個方面寫好議論文要注意以下幾個方面: :1.1.把握好議論文的三要素把握好議論文的三要素: :論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。論點(diǎn)要明確論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。論點(diǎn)要明確, ,論據(jù)要充分論據(jù)要充分, , 論證要嚴(yán)密。論證要嚴(yán)密。2.2.合理分段合理分段, ,理清層次理清層次: :通?？煞譃槿瓮ǔ？煞譃槿? : 第一段第一段: :提煉觀點(diǎn)、引出話題提煉觀點(diǎn)、引出話題: :開門見山地提出需要討論的話題。開門見山地提出需要討論的話題。 第二段第二段: :剖析現(xiàn)象、分析原因剖析現(xiàn)象、分析原因: :一般而言一般而言, ,同一現(xiàn)象可能由多個原因造同一現(xiàn)象可能由多個原因造 成成, ,所以考生需要

3、運(yùn)用適當(dāng)詞語來引出原因所以考生需要運(yùn)用適當(dāng)詞語來引出原因, ,如如 firstly,secondly,firstly,secondly, thirdly,last but not least thirdly,last but not least等等, ,使論點(diǎn)得到足夠的支持。使論點(diǎn)得到足夠的支持。 第三段第三段: :發(fā)表個人看法、觀點(diǎn)發(fā)表個人看法、觀點(diǎn), ,對文章做出總結(jié)。對文章做出總結(jié)。3.3.選用合適的論證方法選用合適的論證方法: :歸納法歸納法( (從分析典型即分析個別事物入手從分析典型即分析個別事物入手, ,找出事物的共同特點(diǎn)找出事物的共同特點(diǎn), ,然后然后 得出結(jié)論得出結(jié)論););推

4、理法推理法( (從一般原理出發(fā)從一般原理出發(fā), ,對個別事物進(jìn)行說明、分析對個別事物進(jìn)行說明、分析, ,然后得出結(jié)論然后得出結(jié)論););對照法對照法( (把正反兩方面進(jìn)行對照把正反兩方面進(jìn)行對照, ,然后加以分析然后加以分析, ,得出結(jié)論得出結(jié)論););駁論法駁論法( (先列出錯誤的觀點(diǎn)先列出錯誤的觀點(diǎn), ,然后逐條加以批駁然后逐條加以批駁, ,最后闡明自己的觀最后闡明自己的觀 點(diǎn)點(diǎn)) )等。等。4.4.言之有理言之有理, ,以理服人以理服人: :緊扣議題緊扣議題, ,用鮮活的事實(shí)來說服讀者。恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用用鮮活的事實(shí)來說服讀者。恰當(dāng)運(yùn)用 高級詞匯、高檔句式來豐富語句的信息量。高級詞匯、高檔句式來豐

5、富語句的信息量。常用句型常用句型In my opinion,internet voting has begun to show its negative In my opinion,internet voting has begun to show its negative impacts on people and society impacts on people and society.(2016.(2016江蘇江蘇) ) 依我看依我看, ,網(wǎng)上投票已開始顯現(xiàn)出對人們和社會的消極影響。網(wǎng)上投票已開始顯現(xiàn)出對人們和社會的消極影響。It is not the story itself but

6、 what is reflected in the story It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that counts that counts.(2015.(2015福建福建) ) 重要的不是故事本身而是故事的寓意。重要的不是故事本身而是故事的寓意。In short,internet voting,to some extent,is unfair,if not In short,internet voting,to some extent,is unfair,if not immoral,and can

7、not be trusted immoral,and cannot be trusted.(2016.(2016江蘇江蘇) ) 總之總之, ,在某種程度上網(wǎng)上投票是不公平的在某種程度上網(wǎng)上投票是不公平的, ,即使是道德的即使是道德的, ,也不能被也不能被 信賴。信賴。Views vary from person to person.Views vary from person to person. 仁者見仁仁者見仁, ,智者見智。智者見智。From what has been mentioned above,it is fierce competition From what has been

8、 mentioned above,it is fierce competition and lack of communication that give rise to the phenomenon. and lack of communication that give rise to the phenomenon. (2016 (2016上海上海) ) 依上所述依上所述, ,是激烈的競爭和缺少交流才引發(fā)了這種現(xiàn)象。是激烈的競爭和缺少交流才引發(fā)了這種現(xiàn)象。Some are for.;others,however,are against.Some are for.;others,howeve

9、r,are against. 一些人贊同一些人贊同,而其他人卻反對而其他人卻反對 In my opinion,there are several reasons for/why. In my opinion,there are several reasons for/why. 在我看來在我看來, ,有幾種有幾種的原因。的原因。As far as I am concerned,I agree with.to some extent.As far as I am concerned,I agree with.to some extent. 就我而言就我而言, ,在某種程度上我同意在某種程度上我同意

10、寫作實(shí)例寫作實(shí)例 網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代網(wǎng)絡(luò)時代, ,親筆書寫的文字逐漸被鍵盤敲出來的文字所代替親筆書寫的文字逐漸被鍵盤敲出來的文字所代替, ,人們動人們動筆寫字的機(jī)會越來越少。在這種形勢下筆寫字的機(jī)會越來越少。在這種形勢下, ,練字依然那么重要嗎練字依然那么重要嗎? ?請結(jié)合自請結(jié)合自己的實(shí)際己的實(shí)際, ,談?wù)勀愕目捶ㄕ務(wù)勀愕目捶? ,詞數(shù)詞數(shù)100100左右。左右。 佳作向?qū)Ъ炎飨驅(qū)?1. 1.文體信息文體信息 (1)(1)體裁體裁: :議論文議論文 (2)(2)時態(tài)時態(tài): :一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時 (3)(3)人稱人稱: :第一人稱第一人稱 2.2.思路點(diǎn)撥思路點(diǎn)撥 本篇書面表達(dá)為議論文本篇書面表達(dá)為議

11、論文, ,要求談?wù)剬氉质欠褚廊恢匾@一問題的要求談?wù)剬氉质欠褚廊恢匾@一問題的看法。根據(jù)提示可知本文寫作要點(diǎn)看法。根據(jù)提示可知本文寫作要點(diǎn): : (1) (1)闡述自己對練字是否依然重要這一問題的觀點(diǎn)闡述自己對練字是否依然重要這一問題的觀點(diǎn); ; (2) (2)針對觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證針對觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論證; ; (3) (3)進(jìn)行總結(jié)。進(jìn)行總結(jié)。 3. 3.要點(diǎn)表達(dá)要點(diǎn)表達(dá) (1)(1)從我的角度看從我的角度看, ,現(xiàn)在對學(xué)生來說現(xiàn)在對學(xué)生來說, ,練習(xí)寫漢字仍然很重要。練習(xí)寫漢字仍然很重要。 From my point of view,its still of great importance fo

12、r From my point of view,its still of great importance for students to practice writing Chinese characters nowadays.students to practice writing Chinese characters nowadays. =As far as Im concerned,its still very important for =As far as Im concerned,its still very important for students to practice

13、writing Chinese characters nowadays.students to practice writing Chinese characters nowadays. (2) (2)首先首先, ,書法是一種具有悠久歷史的藝術(shù)。書法是一種具有悠久歷史的藝術(shù)。 First of all,handwriting is a kind of art with a long First of all,handwriting is a kind of art with a long history.history. (3) (3)其次其次, ,一個人的筆跡也顯示了他的性格。一個人的筆跡也

14、顯示了他的性格。 Second,a persons handwriting also reveals his character.Second,a persons handwriting also reveals his character. (4) (4)最后但同樣重要的是最后但同樣重要的是, ,每天練習(xí)書法會使你平靜每天練習(xí)書法會使你平靜, ,有耐心。有耐心。 Last but not least,practicing handwriting every day will Last but not least,practicing handwriting every day will ma

15、ke you calm and patient.make you calm and patient. (5) (5)總而言之總而言之, ,盡管我們生活在一個幾乎所有的東西都可以用計(jì)算機(jī)盡管我們生活在一個幾乎所有的東西都可以用計(jì)算機(jī)來完成的時代來完成的時代, ,我們還應(yīng)該練習(xí)寫漢字。我們還應(yīng)該練習(xí)寫漢字。 All in all/Generally speaking/In a word,although we are in All in all/Generally speaking/In a word,although we are in an age when nearly everything

16、 can be done with computers,an age when nearly everything can be done with computers,we still should practice writing Chinese characters.we still should practice writing Chinese characters.范文體驗(yàn)范文體驗(yàn) ( (從我的角度來看從我的角度來看),its still of great ),its still of great importance for students to practice writing

17、 Chinese characters importance for students to practice writing Chinese characters nowadays.nowadays.( (我的理由如下我的理由如下):): ( (首先首先),handwriting is a kind of art with a ),handwriting is a kind of art with a long history.We middle school students should treasure the tradition long history.We middle scho

18、ol students should treasure the tradition and practice it.and practice it.( (其次其次),a persons handwriting ),a persons handwriting also reveals his character.also reveals his character.( (它可以讓別人知道它可以讓別人知道) what kind ) what kind of person you are,for instance,whether you are careful or not,whether of p

19、erson you are,for instance,whether you are careful or not,whether you have patience or not.you have patience or not.( (當(dāng)然當(dāng)然),good handwriting ),good handwriting always makes a good impression on people.always makes a good impression on people.( (最后最后但同樣重要的是但同樣重要的是),practicing handwriting every day will make you calm ),practicing handwriting every day will make you calm and patient.These characteristics can lead to success.and patient.These char