人教版八年級(jí)英語下冊(cè)重點(diǎn)短語、句型及語法(精華全面)

1、八年級(jí)下冊(cè)英語短語、句型及語法Unit 1 What s the matter一、重點(diǎn)短語13. get an X-ray 拍 X 光片14. take one s tempera!量體溫15. put some medici ne on sth.在上面敷藥50. keep on doing sth. 繼續(xù)或堅(jiān)持做某事 51. make a decision 做出決定52. take risks 冒險(xiǎn)53. give up 放棄二、重點(diǎn)句型1. What s the matterWhats the matter with you= What s the trouble iwth you = W

2、hat swrong with you你怎么了2. What should she do 她該怎么辦呢Should I take my temperature 我應(yīng)該量一下體溫嗎 主語+ should/shouldnt+ 動(dòng)詞原形. .1You should lie dow n and rest 你應(yīng)該躺下休息一會(huì)兒。2You shouldn t go out at nig 你晚上不應(yīng)該出去。3. Do you think it comes from a newspaper or a book 你認(rèn)為它是來自報(bào)紙還是書呢4. I think I sat in the same way for

3、too long without moving. 我想我以同樣的姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)地坐得太久了。5. She said that the man had a heart problem and should go to the hospital三、語法點(diǎn)1. have a fever 發(fā)燒3. have a toothache 牙疼5. drink enough water 喝足夠的水7. have a stomachache 胃疼9. have a sore throat 喉嚨痛2. have a cough 咳嗽4. talk too much 說得太多6. have a cold 受涼 ;感冒

4、8. have a sore back 背疼10. lie down and rest 躺下來休息11. hot tea w ith honey 加蜂蜜的熱茶12. see a dentist 看牙醫(yī)16.feel very hot 感到很熱18. all weekend 整個(gè)周末20. go to a doctor 看醫(yī)生22. on the side of the road 在馬路邊24. without th inking twice 沒有多想26. have a heart problem 有心臟病28. thanks to 多虧了 ；由于30. save a life 挽救生命32.

5、 right away 立刻；馬上34. get out of 離開從出萍36. put a bandage on sth. 用繃帶包扎38. feel sick 感到惡心40. cut his knee 割傷他的膝蓋42. have problems breathing 呼吸困難44. be used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣做某事46. so that 以便17. sound like 聽起來像19. in the same way 以同樣的方式21. go along 沿著走23. shout for help 大聲呼救25. get off 下車27. to one s sur

6、p 使 se.京訝的29. in time 及時(shí)31. get into trouble 造成麻煩33. because of 由于35. hurt oneself 受傷37. fa ll down 摔倒39. have a nosebleed 流鼻血41. put her head back 把她的頭向后仰43. mountain climbing 登山運(yùn)動(dòng)45. run out (of) 用完;用盡47. so. . . that 如此 以至于 48. be in control of 掌管 ;管理49. in a difficult situation 在閑境屮(一)、 詢問某人的健康問

7、運(yùn)及遭到麻煩的表達(dá)方法 (1)詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了何種麻煩時(shí)，常用以下幾種結(jié)構(gòu)來表達(dá)： What?s the matter (with sb )(某人)怎么了What?s wrong (with sb )(某人)怎么了What?s the trouble (with sb )(某人)出什么事了What happened (to sb )(某人)發(fā)生了什么事Are you OK 你沒事吧Is there anything wrong with sb. 某人有什么事嗎 (2)要表達(dá)身體疼痛或不舒服，可用以下結(jié)構(gòu)：某人+have/has+ 病癥The twins have colds 雙胞胎

8、感冒了。 Sb.+have/has+a+headache/toothache/stomachache/backache/earache.She had a stomachache last night 她昨晚肚子痛。3某人 +have/has+a+sore+ 發(fā)病部位. He has a sore throat .他喉嚨痛。4某人+hurt(s)+身體部位或反身代詞.He hurt his leg.他的腿受傷了。5某部位 +hurt(s).My head hurts badly .我頭痛得厲害。6某人 +have/has+a pain+in one?s+身體部位，I have a pain i

9、n my chest .我胸口痛。7(There is)something wrong with one?s+身體部位. There is something wrong with my right eye .我的右眼有毛病。8其他表達(dá)方式She has a heart trouble .她有心臟病。He got hit on the head 他頭部受到了撞擊。She cut her finger .她割破手指了。二 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 should 的用法1.Should 為情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，意為“應(yīng)該；應(yīng)當(dāng)”，否定式為 shouldn?t ，其后接動(dòng)詞原形，無人稱和數(shù) 的 變 化 。 常 用 來 表 示

10、征 詢 意 見 、 建 議 、 勸 告 、 要 求 或 義 務(wù) 等。 You should drink hotwater with honey .你應(yīng)該喝加有蜂蜜的開水。 He should put his head back 他應(yīng)該把頭后仰。We should try our best to help him. 我們應(yīng)當(dāng)盡力去幫助他。 You shouldn, t watch TV. 你不應(yīng)該看電 視。2.Should 用于主語為第一人稱的疑問句，表示征詢意見。Should I put some medicine on it 我應(yīng) 當(dāng)給它敷上藥嗎 Should we tell her abo

11、ut it 我們應(yīng)該告訴她這件事嗎 【拓展】在英語中，表示建 議的說法有很多，而且都是中考考查的重點(diǎn)。主要結(jié)構(gòu)有：1Would you like (to do) sth .你想要/愿意(做)某事嗎Would you like to play basketball with me 你想要和我一起打籃球嗎2Shall I/we do sth 我/我們做”好嗎Shall we go to the zoo tomorrow 明天我們?nèi)?dòng)物園，好嗎3Why not do sth 為什么不”呢Why not join us 為什么不加入到我們當(dāng)中來呢4How/What about doing sth 做某

12、事怎么樣 How about going swimming 去游泳怎么樣 Let?s do sth 讓我們做”吧。Let?s go home .咱們回家吧。 You?d better (not) do sth 你最好(不) 要做某事。You?d better not go there alone 你最好不要獨(dú)自去那兒。Unit 2 I II help to clean up the city一、重點(diǎn)短語I. Clea n-Up Day 清潔日3. help out with sth.幫助解決困難5. care for 關(guān)心;照顧7. at the age of 在.歲時(shí)9. cheer up（

13、使）變得更高興；振雀II.come up with 想出；提出 13.make some notices 做些公告牌15. work for 為工作； 為.效力 17.ha nd out 分發(fā)做發(fā);發(fā)給 19. put off推遲;延遲 21. raise money 籌錢;募捐23. give away 贈(zèng)送;捐贈(zèng)25. be similar to 與目似 27.disabled people 殘疾人 29. be ableto 能夠 目二、重點(diǎn)句型1. The boy could give out food at the food bank.這個(gè)男孩可以在食品救濟(jì)站分發(fā)食物。2. Clea

14、 n-Up Day is only two weeks from now.清潔日離現(xiàn)在僅僅兩周的時(shí)間。3. He volunteers at an animal hospital every Saturday morning.每周六上午，他都在一一 家動(dòng)物醫(yī)院當(dāng)志愿者。4. Last year, she decided to try out for a volun teer after-school read ing program. 去年，她決定去參加一個(gè)課外閱讀項(xiàng)目的志愿者的選拔。5. you can see in th e ir eyes that they re going on a

15、different journey w ith each newbook.從他們的眼睛里你可以看到他們正在進(jìn)行每本不同的新書之旅。6. I want to put off my plan to work in an animal hospital until next summer.我想把我在動(dòng)物醫(yī)院工作的計(jì)劃推遲到明年夏天。7. Most people today are only worried about getting good jobs to make lots of mon ey.現(xiàn)在的大部分人只是為找一份能掙許多錢的好工作而著急。8. You helped to make it

16、possible for me to have Lucky.在你的幫助下，我才有可能擁有幸運(yùn)兒”三、語法點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞不定式 A.作主語一一為避免句子的頭重腳輕，常用 it 作為形式主語，而 真正的主語動(dòng)詞不定式后置。常用句型：It +be+adj./n.+（for/of sb.） to do sth./Ittakes sb. some time to do sth.B.- 作賓語動(dòng)詞 want, decide, hope, ask, agree, choose, learn, plan, need,teach, prepare,常接動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語。rks.2. an old peopleshome

17、 養(yǎng)老院4. used to 曾經(jīng)過去_6. the look of joy 快樂的表情up 打掃（或清除）干凈10. give out 分發(fā);散發(fā)12. make a plan 制訂計(jì)劃14. try out 試用;試行16. put up 建造 舉起;張貼18. call up 打電話召集20. for example 比如；例如22. take after 與. 相像;像24. fix up 修理;修補(bǔ);解決26. set up 建立;設(shè)立28. make a differe nee 影響;有作用30. after-school reading program 課外閱讀項(xiàng)C.- 作（后置

18、）定語常用于 “have/has+ sth.+ to do 或“enough+名+ to do ”“ lt?stime to do sth.等結(jié)構(gòu)中。D.-作賓語補(bǔ)足語 tell, ask, want, invite, teach, like, calI 等可接帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，構(gòu)成tell/ask/want /call/invite sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu)?！咀⒁狻縿?dòng)詞不定式作使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)應(yīng)省去to: “一感(feel),二聽(listen to, hear)，三讓(let, make, have,，四看(look at, see, watch

19、, notice)， 半幫助(help)”。E. 動(dòng)詞不定式作狀語主要用來修飾動(dòng)詞，表示目的，結(jié)果或原因。為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的，有時(shí)可以把動(dòng)詞不定式放在句首，或在不定式前加 in order (to)或 so as (to)“為了，目的是”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)有 too + adj./adv. + to do sth.等。F. 固定句式中動(dòng)詞不定式的用法常見的形式有：had better (not) dosth./Would you like to do sth./Why not do sth./Would you please (not) do sth.等。develop children s indepen

20、den 發(fā)展孩子的獨(dú)立性 do onespart in (do ing ) sth.做 某人分內(nèi)的事重點(diǎn)短語go out for dinner 出去吃飯 go to themovies 去看電影 work on 從事 cleanand tid y 干凈整潔 take out the rubbish倒垃圾 sweep the floor 掃地 clea n thelivng room 打掃客廳 welcome sb.歡迎某人 家 throw down 扔下 come over 過來 all the time 一直;總是 do housew ork做家務(wù) walk away 走開 a com fo

21、rtablehome 一個(gè)舒適的家 get som ething todrin k 拿點(diǎn)喝的東西 hang out 閑逛lend sb. sth.把某物借給某人hate to do sth.討厭做某事help sb. (to ) d o /with sth?幫助某人干某事bring a tent 帶頂帳篷來 go to the store 去商店make sb. do sth.使某人做某事 awaste oftime 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間 get good grades 取得好成績(jī)depe nd on 依賴;依靠stay out late 在外面待到很晚get a ride 搭車finish doi ng

22、 sth.完成做某事do the dishes 洗餐具fold your/the clothes 疊衣服make your/the bed 整理床鋪no problem 沒問題come home fro m school/ work 放學(xué) / 下班回sit down 坐下take sb. for a walk 帶某人去散步 allday/evening 整曰 /夜 shout back 大聲回應(yīng).share the housework 分擔(dān)家務(wù)in surprise 驚訝地watch one show 觀看一個(gè)節(jié)目 pass sb. sth.把某物傳給某人 get sth. wet 使某物弄濕

23、 dochores 做雜務(wù)buy some sn acks 買些小吃invite sb. to a party 邀請(qǐng)某人參加聚會(huì)eno ugh stress 足夠的壓力in order to 為了mi nd doing sth. 介意做某事look after/take care of 照顧；照看二、重點(diǎn)句型1. Could you please-.do sth.Could you please clea n your room 你能整理一下你的房間嗎2. I have to do some work 我必須干些活。3. Could 1+ do sth.Could I use your com

24、puter 我可以用一下你的電腦嗎4. She wo n t be happy if she sees th mess 如果她看到這樣亂七八糟的話,她會(huì)不 高興的。5. For one week, she did not do any housework and n either did I. 整整一周，她什么家務(wù)活都不干了，我也一樣。6. My mom came over as soon as I sat dow n in front of the TV . 我一在電視機(jī)前坐下，我媽媽就過來了。7. hate + ( to do/ doing) sth.I hate to do chores

25、 我討厭做雜務(wù)。三、語法點(diǎn) Could you please.句型(1)請(qǐng)求別人時(shí)通常用此句型，也可以說：Can you.please 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 could 或can 在這里均表示請(qǐng)求，在意思上無區(qū)別，但是用 could 在于其上顯得更委婉、 客氣、誠(chéng)懇。在日常生活中常使用could you/I.若在句末加上 please,則顯得更禮貌。 Could you help me fi nd my book,please 你能幫我找到我的書嗎(2)對(duì) could you/I.的問句作出肯定回答，常用“ sure/certainly/of course 等；” 如果作否定回答，常用“ sorry 或

26、oh,please don?t”。一般不用 no 開頭，用 no 顯得語氣生硬、不禮貌。(3)表示請(qǐng)求的句式:Would you like to do. Would you mi nddoi ng. Let?sdo. Shall I/we do.Please do.祈使句前力卩 please) 提示：could you please.與 could I Please.兩種問句，前者是請(qǐng)求別人幫忙的句式，后者是有禮貌地向別 人請(qǐng)求允許的交際用語。試比較：Could you please help me 請(qǐng)你幫我一下好嗎Could I please in vite my frie nds to m

27、y birthday party,Mom 媽媽， 我能邀請(qǐng)我的朋 友參加我的生日聚會(huì)嗎Unit 4 Why don t you talk to your parents一、重點(diǎn)短語1. have free time 有空閑時(shí)間2. allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事3. hang out with sb.與某人閑逛4. after-school classes 課外活動(dòng)課5. get into a fight with sb.與某人吵架 /打架 6. until midnight 直到半夜7. talk to sb.與某人交談9. study too much 學(xué)得過多11

28、. write sb. a letter 給某人寫信13. surprise sb.令某人驚訝15. be angry with sb.生某人的氣17.work out 成功地發(fā)展；解決19. fight a lot 經(jīng)常吵架/打架21. refuse to do sth.拒絕做某事23. so that 以便事25. all the time 一直27. make sb. angry 使某人生氣29. copy one s homew 抄襲某人的作業(yè)8. too many 太多10. get en ough sleep 有足夠的睡眠12. call sb. up 打電話給某人14. look

29、 through 翻看16. a big deal 重要的事18. get on with 和睦相處20. ha ng over 籠罩22. offer to do sth.主動(dòng)提出做某事24. mi nd sb. doi ng sth.介意某人做某26. in future 今后28. worry about sth.擔(dān)心某事30. be on eself 做自己2. Why don t you forge t about it你為什么不忘掉它呢3. Although she s wrong , i t s not a big deal.雖然她錯(cuò)了，但這并不是什么大事兒。4. He shou

30、ld talk to his friend so that he can say h e sorry. s他應(yīng)該跟朋友談?wù)勔员闼苷f聲對(duì)不起。5. May be you could go to his house.也許你可以去他家。6. I guess I could, but I don t want to surprishim.我想我可以.但我不想讓他感到驚訝。三、語法點(diǎn)1.提建議向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求，建議，或征求某人的意見的其他表達(dá)方式：How /what about doing sth. （about 是個(gè)介詞，可跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞）“,怎么樣” You?d better （not） do

31、 something.你最好（不）做某事” Would you likesth，:你想要某物 Let?s do sth, What should I do , （ should 表示請(qǐng)求、征詢對(duì) 方意見）2.學(xué)會(huì)談?wù)搯栴}和學(xué)會(huì)用 why dont you,提建議向別人發(fā)出邀請(qǐng)，請(qǐng)求，建議，或征求某人的意見的表達(dá)方式：Why don?t you do something =Why not dosometh ing 你為什么不做某事呢來表示請(qǐng)求、征詢對(duì)方意見3.until, so that ,although 引導(dǎo)的狀語從句：1）until:在帶有 till 或 until 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句里，

32、如果主句用肯定式，其含義 是“一直到,時(shí)”，謂語動(dòng)詞只能用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如果主句用否定式，其含義是“直到,才”，在,，以前不”，謂語動(dòng)詞可用瞬間動(dòng)詞。Don?t get off until the busstops.2） so that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句（為了,以便）例如：He studies hard so that he could workbetter in the future3） although 的用法意思相當(dāng)于 though （盡管，雖然），引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。引 導(dǎo)的從句不能與并列連詞 but，and， so 等連用，但可以和 yet， still 等詞連用。 例如：Althoug

33、hhe was tired, he went on working.盡管他很累，但是他繼續(xù)工作Unit 5 What were you doing whe n the rai nstorm came一、重點(diǎn)短語31. family members33. give sb. pressure 給某人施壓35. compete with sb.與某人競(jìng)爭(zhēng)37. get better grades 取得更好的成績(jī)39. learn exam skills 學(xué) 習(xí)應(yīng)試技巧41. cause stress 造 成壓力二、重點(diǎn)句型1.1 studied un til mid ni ght last ni g

34、ht soI 我昨晚學(xué)習(xí)到半夜所以睡眠不足。32. spend time alo ne 獨(dú)自消磨時(shí)光34. have a fight with sb.與某人吵架36. free time activities 業(yè)余活動(dòng)38. give one oinson 提出某人的觀點(diǎn)40. practice sports 體育訓(xùn)練42. cut out 刪除did n get eno ugh sleep.1. make sure 確信;確認(rèn)3. fall asleep 進(jìn)人夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)；睡著5. wake up 醒來7. break. . apart 使分離2. beat aga in st.拍打.4. die

35、down 逐漸變?nèi)?；逐漸消失6. i n a mess 一團(tuán)糟8. in times of difficulty 在困難的時(shí)候19. walk by 走路經(jīng)過20. make one s way to.在某人去 的路上21. hear the news 聽到這個(gè)消息1. What were you doing at eight last night 昨晚 8 點(diǎn)你在干什么 I was tak ing ashower 我 在洗淋浴。2. Whe n it bega n to rain, Ben was help ing his mom make dinner. 當(dāng)開始下雨的時(shí)候，本正在幫他媽媽做

36、晚飯。3. What was Jenny doing while Linda was sleep ing琳達(dá)在睡覺的時(shí)候，珍妮正在干什么While Linda was sleep ing, Jenny was help ing Mary with her homework.琳達(dá)在睡覺的時(shí)候，珍妮正在幫瑪麗做作業(yè)。三、語法點(diǎn)過去進(jìn)行時(shí) 1.基本概念：過去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn) 行的動(dòng)作。這一特定的過去時(shí)間除有上下文暗示以外，一般用時(shí)間狀語來表示。2. 結(jié)構(gòu) was / were （ not） + 動(dòng)詞-ing3. 句式 肯定式：l/He/She/lt was working.

37、 We/You/They/ were working.否定式：l/He/She/lt was not working. We/You/They/ were not working. 疑問式和簡(jiǎn)略回答：Was I worki ng Yes, you were. No, you were not. Were you worki ng Yes, I was. No, Iwas not. Was he/she/it working Yes, he/she/it was. No, he/she/it was not. Werewe/you/they worki ng Yes, you/we/they w

38、ere. No, you/we/they were not.注： 1） was not ?？s略為 wasn?t; were not ?？s略為 weren?t。2） 一般過去時(shí)與過去進(jìn)行時(shí)用法的比較：一般過去時(shí)表示在過去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生 過的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過去進(jìn)行時(shí)則表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正 在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。例如：David wrote a letter to his friend last night.大衛(wèi)昨晚給他的朋友寫了圭寸信。（信寫完了。）David was writing a letter to his friend last night.大衛(wèi)昨晚一直在給他的朋友寫信。（信不一

39、定寫完。）4.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)中的 when 和while when, while 區(qū)別： 1）由 when 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間 狀語從句，主句用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)；由 while 引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句，主句用一般過去時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 When the teacher came in, we9. at the time of 當(dāng).時(shí)候11.take a hot shower 洗熱水澡13. pick up 接電話15. in the area 在這個(gè)地區(qū)17. by the side of the road 在路邊 線10. go off （鬧鐘）發(fā)出響聲12. miss the bus

40、錯(cuò)過公交車14. bring. together 使靠攏16. miss the eve nt 錯(cuò)過這個(gè)事件18.the Animal Helpline 動(dòng)物保護(hù)熱22., important events in history 歷史上的重大事件23., for example 例如25., over 50 5 0 多（歲）27. on the radio 通過廣播29., more recently 最近地;新近31., take down 拆除;摧毀33., remember doi ng sth.記得做過某事二、重點(diǎn)句型24., be killed 被殺害26. a school pup

41、il 一個(gè)小學(xué)生28., in silence 沉默;無聲30., the World Trade Cen ter 世貿(mào)中心32., have meaning to 對(duì)有意義34., at first 首先;最初were talk ing.當(dāng)此句改變主從句的位置時(shí)，則為：While we were talk ing, theteacher came in. 2）如果從句和主句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，兩句都用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)的時(shí)候，多用 while 弓丨導(dǎo)。如： They were singing while we were dancing.Unit 6 An old man tried to move th

42、e mountains、重點(diǎn)短語I t does n t seem very possible to moveountain. 把一座山給移掉好像不太可能。3. This is because.This is because he can make 72 cha nges to his shape and size, turning himself intodifferent animals and objects.這是因?yàn)樗麜?huì)根據(jù)他的形狀和大小，做出72 種變化，可以將自己變成不同的動(dòng)物或東西。soth a 從句Sometimes he can make the stick so small

43、 that he can keep it in his ear.有時(shí)候，他能夠讓他的金箍棒變得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。5. It take sb. some time to do sth .Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 這些（山）太高了，他們要花好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間才能翻越過去。6 .n ot. . u 十從句Don t eat it un til you get to the fores 你們到達(dá)森林之后才能吃。I. work on doi ng sth.致力于做某事3. on

44、ce upon a time 從前5. make sth. happe n 使某事發(fā)生7. the jour ney to sp.之旅9. put on 穿上II. keep doing sth.堅(jiān)持做某事13. instead of 代替;反而15. get married 結(jié)婚公2. as soon as.一就.4. continue to do sth.繼續(xù)做某事to do sth.試圖做某事8. tell the/a story 講故事10. a little b it 有點(diǎn)兒12. give up 放棄14.turn . . into 變成16.the ma in character

45、 主要人物；主人17. at other times 在另外一些時(shí)候19. come out （書、電影等）出版18. be able to 能;會(huì)20. become in terested in. ? ?對(duì)感興趣21. walk to the other side 走到另一邊去 22. a fairy tale 一個(gè)神話故事23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分 24. leave sb. to do sth.讓某人做某事25. make a plan to do sth.籌劃/計(jì)劃做某事 26. go to sleep 去睡覺27. lead sb. to s

46、p.把某人領(lǐng)到某地29. change one s pa 變計(jì)戈 U31. in the moonlight 在月光下33. the n ext day 第二天二、重點(diǎn)句型28. get lost 迷路30. tell sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事32. find one s way ho 找到某人回家的路34. send sb. to sp.派某人去某地1.What doyou thSowhatdoyou thinkaboutthestoryof YuGong你覺得愚公的故事怎么樣2. It does nt seadji.to do sth .候，多用 while 弓丨導(dǎo)。如：

47、They were singing while we were dancing.三、語法點(diǎn)1. uni ess 弓丨導(dǎo)條件狀語從句 uni ess = if , not 除非若不 They will go tomorrowuni ess it rains. = They will go tomorrow if it does n?t rains.2. as soon as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 一,就 He will come and see you as soon as he can.3. so.that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句句型 1:主語+謂語+so+形容詞/副詞+that 從句The wind

48、 was so strong that wecould hardly move forward.句型 2： so +形容詞 + a/an + 單數(shù)名詞 + that 從句 It was so hot a day that they all wentswimmi ng.句型 3. so + many/ few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that 從句 He has so few friends that he ofte nfeels Ion ely.句型 4： so +much/ little + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that 從句 I had so little money that I could n?

49、tbuy a pen.Unit 7 W hat s the highest mountain in the world一、重點(diǎn)短語I.as big as 與一樣大2. one of the oldest coun tries 最古老的國(guó)家之一3. feel free to do sth.隨意地做某事 4. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知5. ma n-made objects 人造物體6. part of. 的組成部分7. the highest mountain 最高的山脈 8. in the world 在世界上9. any other mountain 其他任何一座山 10.

50、 of all the salt lakes 在所有的咸水湖 中II.run alo ng 跨越.12. freezi ng weather ?冰凍的天氣13. take in air 呼吸空氣14. the first people to do sth.第一個(gè)做某事的人15. in the face of difficulties 面臨危險(xiǎn) 16. give up doing sth.放棄做某事17. achieve one s dr 實(shí)現(xiàn)某人的夢(mèng)想 18. the forces of nature 自然界的力量19. reach the top 到達(dá)頂峰20. eve n though 雖

51、然;盡管21. at birth 在出生的時(shí)候22. be awake 醒著23. run over with excitement 興奮地跑過去 24. walk into sb.撞到某人25. fall over 摔倒26. take care of 照顧;照料27. every two years ?每?jī)赡?8. cut down the forests 砍伐林木29. en da ngered ani mals 瀕危動(dòng)物30. fewer and fewer pan das 大熊貓?jiān)絹碓缴?1. be in dan ger 處于危險(xiǎn)之中32. the importa nee of sa

52、v ing these an imals 拯救這些動(dòng)物的重要性二、重點(diǎn)句型1. It is -adj. + (fo r sb. ) to do sth.It is also very hard to take in a ir as you get n ear the top.當(dāng)你接近山頂時(shí)，連呼吸都會(huì)困難。2. . . . is because.One of the main reas ons is because people want to challe nge themselves in the faceof difficulties.其中的一個(gè)主要的原因是人們想要在面臨困難時(shí)挑戰(zhàn)自己。

53、3. . . . show(s) that.The spirit of these climbers shows us that weshould never give up tryin g to achieve ourdreams. 這些登山者的精神向我們證明：我們永遠(yuǎn)都不應(yīng)該放棄實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想。4. How high/ deep/. . . is .How high is Qomola ngma 珠穆朗瑪峰有多高5. Although. ,Although Japan is older than Canada， it is much smaller.雖然日本比加拿大有更悠久的歷史，但是日本

54、比加拿大小多了。6. sb. spend tim e/money doing sth.Adult pandas spend more than 12 hours a day eating about 10 kilos of bamboo. 成年大熊貓一天要花 1 2 個(gè)多小時(shí)的時(shí)間吃大約三、語法點(diǎn) 形容詞副詞的原級(jí)、比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)（一）原級(jí)句型：1. A is as 原級(jí) + as+ B 表示 A 與 B 一樣，eg: He is as tall as me.is not as/so + 原級(jí) + as B 表示 A 不如 B, eg:He is not as tall as me. 3.只能

55、修飾原級(jí) 的詞，very, quite，so, too，so, eno ugh, pretty 等 例如，He is too tired to walk on.他太累了以至于不能再繼續(xù)走了。（二）比較級(jí)句型可以修飾比較級(jí)的詞， much, a lot, far， ,的多 a little，a bit，,一點(diǎn)兒 eve n 甚至，still 仍然 Eg. Less on One is much easier tha n Less on Tw 第 一課比第二課容易得多。Tom looks even younger than before.湯姆甚至比以前更年輕。1. 當(dāng)句中有 than 時(shí)則用比較級(jí)

56、。 eg: He is fatter than me.2 當(dāng)句子中的比較對(duì)象為兩者時(shí)用比較級(jí)：“特殊疑問詞+be+形容詞比較級(jí)，A or B” eg: Which is bigger，the earth or the moon 哪一個(gè)大，地球還是月球 3.“比較級(jí) +and+比較級(jí)” 表示“越來越,”。flowers are more and more beautiful. 花兒越來越漂亮。 加 more 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)的形容詞則用 more and more +形容詞表 示越來越, eg: English is more and more important.4.“the+ 比較級(jí)，the+ 比

57、較級(jí)”表示“越,，越 ”。Eg. The more careful you are，the fewer mistakes you?ll make.5.A+be+th 形容詞比較級(jí)+of the two+,表示“A 是兩者中較,的”。 at the two boys.My brother is the taller of the two. +be+ 形容詞比較級(jí) +tha n+any other+ 單數(shù)名詞（+介詞短語） ”表示“ A 比同一范圍的任何一個(gè)人/物都”， 含義是“ A 最, ”。Eg. TheYangtze River is longer than any other river

58、in China. =The Yangtze River is the longestriver in China.（三）最高級(jí)常用句型結(jié)構(gòu)1.“主語+be+the+形容詞最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+in/of短語”表示“ , 是, 中最, 的”。 eg：Tom is the tallest in his class./of all the students.This apple is the biggest of the five.2.“主語+be+one of the+形容詞最高級(jí)+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+in/of 短語”表示“，是,中最, 之一”。Eg： Beijing is one of the large

59、st cities in China.3.“特殊疑問詞 +be+the+最高級(jí) +A，B,or C”用于三者以上eg Which is the biggestThe moon,the sun or ths earth4. “the +序數(shù)詞+最高級(jí)+單數(shù)名詞+范圍”。 表示, 是第幾大 （, ）eg: The Yellow Riveris the seco nd Ion gest river in Chi na .【注意】形容詞最高級(jí)之前要加 the，但 當(dāng)最高級(jí)之前有形容詞性物主代詞或名詞所有格時(shí)則不用加 the eg: He is the best student inmy class.

60、He is my best friend.（四）形容詞副詞的規(guī)則與不規(guī)則變化規(guī)則變化1.一般在詞尾直接加 er 或est，例如，tall-taller-tallest , long-longer-longest 2.以不發(fā)音的字母 e 結(jié)尾的單 詞在詞尾直接加 r 或 st，例如，nice-nicer-nicest 3.以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的詞，把 y 變?yōu)?i，再力卩 er 或 est，例如，heavy-heavier-heaviest 4.重讀閉音節(jié)，末尾 只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母，再加 er 或 est， eg. big-bigger-biggest 5. 部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)