SAP+分割評(píng)價(jià)資料講解

1、SAP分割評(píng)估(SplitValuation)功能的啟用同一物料的使用， 既有“自制件”， 又有“外購(gòu)件”。 不管“自制件”、 還是“外購(gòu)件”，其來源也將不同，如同一外購(gòu)件來自不同的供應(yīng)商，價(jià)格可能并不相同。簡(jiǎn)言之:對(duì)同一物料有不同的價(jià)值指派，即，在不同的條件下，同一物料可能有不同的價(jià)值/格。將“自制件”和“外購(gòu)件”分成兩個(gè)物料編碼進(jìn)行管理，將是顯而易見的成本控制方法。卻違背ERP系統(tǒng)中的重要原則一一“一物一碼”原則。SAP系統(tǒng)提供的“分割評(píng)估”(SplitValuation)功能是解決止匕類問題的完美解決方案。什么情況下將啟用“分割評(píng)估”呢？(1)自產(chǎn)的價(jià)值與外購(gòu)的價(jià)格不一樣；(2)不同的制

2、造商制造相同的物料，價(jià)格不同；(3)相同物料不同批次有不同的價(jià)格；(4)破損及維修后的物料與新的物料價(jià)值不一樣(5)其它同一物料價(jià)值不同的現(xiàn)象。為了簡(jiǎn)便說明分割評(píng)估的作用，本文僅說明“自制件”與“外購(gòu)件”成本不同，如何進(jìn)行成本核算管理的問題。由于“分割評(píng)估”涉及技術(shù)部分更多，將主要步驟分享如下：一、后臺(tái)定義部分(1)激活“分割評(píng)估”功能；(2)定義“評(píng)估類型(ValuationType)(如本文中提到“自制件”、“外購(gòu)件”兩種評(píng)估類型，并選擇相應(yīng)帳戶分類參考參數(shù)(與評(píng)估類相關(guān))，評(píng)估類型是評(píng)估類別的細(xì)分)；(3)定義“評(píng)估類別”(ValuationCategory)(分割評(píng)估的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，將其中的評(píng)

3、估類型與相應(yīng)工廠激活)；(4)定義“評(píng)估區(qū)域”(ValuationArea)(評(píng)估區(qū)域可以公司范圍內(nèi)，也可以在工廠范圍內(nèi))二、前臺(tái)操作部分(1)定義物料主數(shù)據(jù)，將評(píng)估類別定義在會(huì)計(jì)視圖中(其價(jià)格控制須選移動(dòng)平均價(jià)V);(2)定義“評(píng)估類型”為自制件的物料主數(shù)據(jù)(其評(píng)估級(jí)別與價(jià)格控制據(jù)需要填制)；(3)定義“評(píng)估類型”為外購(gòu)件的物料主數(shù)據(jù)(其評(píng)估級(jí)別與價(jià)格控制據(jù)需要填制)；注：前臺(tái)操作第一步為第二步、第三步奠定基礎(chǔ)，起作用的將是各制帶評(píng)估類別的物料。三、相關(guān)關(guān)聯(lián)部分(1)“評(píng)估類型”分配給“評(píng)估類別”，再與物料主數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)；(2)“評(píng)估類(ValuationClass)分配給“物料類型(Mater

4、ialType),再與物料主數(shù)據(jù)關(guān)聯(lián)；帶有分割評(píng)估的物料，在入庫(kù)、消耗、出庫(kù)等過程中，將與評(píng)估類型(如本文中的自制件和外購(gòu)件)自動(dòng)關(guān)聯(lián)，進(jìn)而與各自的成本相關(guān)，實(shí)現(xiàn)同一物料不同成本的管理功能。SAPSplitValuationforMaterialsTheSAPR/3Systemallowsyoutovaluatestocksofamaterialeithertogetherorseparately,thatis,accordingtodifferentvaluationcriteria.Splitvaluationisnecessaryif,forexample:1. Stockfromin-

5、houseproductionhasadifferentvaluationpricethanexternallyprocuredstock.2. Stockobtainedfromonemanufacturerisvaluatedatadifferentpricethanstockobtainedfromanothermanufacturer.3. Differentbatchstocksofamaterialhavedifferentvaluationprices.4. Valuedamagedandrepairpartdifferentlyfromanewpart.Tousedsplitv

6、aluation,youhavetoactivateitusingOMW0.Tochangesplitmaterialvaluationonceithasbeenset,youmust1. firstpostoutallstocks(forexample,toacostcenterorwithmovementtype562)2. thenchangethecontrolparameters3. ifnecessary,changetheautomaticaccountdetermination4. finallypostthestocksbackinagainInsplitvaluation,

7、youcandistinguishbetweenpartialstocksofamaterialaccordingtocertaincriteriaandvaluatethemseparately.Thematerialstockisdividedaccordingtovaluationcategoryandvaluationtype.Thevaluationcategorydetermineshowthepartialstocksaredivided,thatis,accordingtowhichcriteria.Thevaluationtypedescribesthecharacteris

8、ticsoftheindividualstocks.WiththefunctionSettingyoucandetermine:whichvaluationcategoriesexistinyourcompany(globalcategories)whichvaluationtypesexistinyourcompany(globaltypes)whichvaluationtypesbelongtowhichvaluationcategorywhichvaluationcategoriesexistinavaluationarea(localcategories)Yourentriesareo

9、nlyrelevantifyousetsplitvaluationasactiveinthefunctionGlobalsettings.InthestandardSAPR/3System,thefollowingvaluationcategoriesaredefaultsettings:Bprocurementtypewiththevaluationtypes:EIGENforin-houseproductionFREMDforexternalprocurementHOriginXautomaticvaluation(onlyforbatch)Toselectsplitvaluation(O

10、MWC),proceedasfollows:1. Determinethevaluationcategoriesandvaluationtypesthatareallowedforallvaluationareas:globalvaluationcategoriesviamenuGoto-GlobalCategoriesglobalvaluationtypesviamenuGoto-GlobalTypes2. Allocatethevaluationtypestothevaluationcategories.a) SelectGoto-GlobalCategories.b) Positiont

11、hecursoronavaluationcategoryandselectGoto-GlobalCategories-Assignments-Types-Category.c) Activatethevaluationtypesyouwant.3. Determinethelocalvaluationcategoriesforeachvaluationarea.a) SelectGoto-Localdefinitions.b) PositionthecursoronavaluationareaandselectGoto-LocalDefinitions-AllocateCategoires-O

12、rg.units(buttonCats-(OU).Youobtainalistoftheglobalvaluationcategories.c) Activatethecategoriestobeusedinthisvaluationarea.Thesystemcreatesthelocalvaluationtypesbasedontheallocationsunderpoint2.Onlynowcanyoucreateamasterrecordwithsplitvaluation.SpecifyingSplitValuationbycreatingMaterialSubjecttoSplit

13、Valuation1. Createamaterialmasterrecord,selectingtheAccountingView1.2. EnteryourdataasrequiredontheAccountingdatascreen,specifyingavaluationcategory.(Ifyoucantfindthevaluationcategoryfield,itmightbehidden,useOMSRtodefinetheFieldGroups.LookforthefieldMBEW-BWTTYforValuationcategory).3. Besurethatthepr

14、icecontrolindicatorisVformovingaveragepriceandenteramovingaverageprice.4. Inthecaseofsplitvaluation,youcancreateonlyonevaluationheaderrecordwithpricecontrolVbecausetheindividualstockvaluesarecumulated,andthistotalvalueiswrittentothevaluationheaderrecord.Thisiswheretheindividualstocksofamaterialarema

15、nagedcumulatively.Todothis,fillintheValuationcategoryfieldontheaccountingscreenwhenyoucreatethematerialmasterrecordandleavetheValuationtypefieldblank.5. Saveyourdataandthesystemcreatesthevaluationheaderrecord.6. Theinitialscreenappears.7. ExtendthematerialbycreatingnewmaterialmasterrecordsfromtheAcc

16、ountingview1.Forthefirstmaterial,specifyavaluationtypeintheOrganizationalLevelsdialogboxandentertherespectiveaccountingdataonthedatascreen.Proceedlikewisefortheothermaterials,distinguishingbetweenthembyvaluationtype.Todothis,callupthematerialincreationmodeagain.Duetothefactthatavaluationheaderrecord

17、exists,thesystemrequiresyoutoenteravaluationtypeforthevaluationcategory.8. Repeatstepsevenforeveryvaluationtypeplanned.YouwanttovaluatethestockofmaterialXYZthatyouobtainfrommanufacturerAinLosAngelesatadifferentpricethanthestockyouobtainfrommanufacturerBinDetroit.Inthiscase,thevaluationcategoryisHfor

18、origin.YourvaluationtypescanbeLOSANGELESandDETROIT.Ifamaterialissubjecttosplitvaluation,everyquantity(sub-stock)ofthismaterialmustbeassignedtoavaluationtype(forexample,countryoforigin).Foreveryvaluationtype,therearetwotypesofdatainthesystem,asfollows:Valuationdata(forexample,valuationprice,totalstoc

19、kquantity,totalstockvalue),whichisdefinedforeveryvaluationtypeatvaluation-arealevelandappliestoalldependentstoragelocations.Stockdata,which,likebatchdata,ismanagedseparatelyforeachstoragelocation.Ifamaterialthatissubjecttosplitvaluationisalsosubjecttomanagementinbatches,itsstockdataisnotmanagedbyvaluationtype,butratherbybatch.Everybatchisassignedtoavaluationtype.Thestockquantity,stockvalue,andvaluationpriceforallvaluationtypesaremanagedcumulativelyatvaluation-arealevel.MusttheValuationTypeExistBe