Chapter5SenseRelations推薦文檔

1、Chapter 5 Sense RelationsI. Choose the one that would best complete the statement and put the letter in the bracket.D1. In diachronic approach, other meanings apart from the primary meaning of a word were acquired by.A .extension B. narrowing C. analogy D. all the aboveC 2. The basic meaning of a wo

2、rd is the core of word -meaning called the meaning.A . firstB. derived C.centralD. none of the aboveB 3. Two processes of development of word-meaning from monosemy to polysemy areA . diachronic approach and synchronic approachB. radiation and concatenationC. diachronic approach and radiationD. synch

3、ronic approach and concatenation84. Homonyms are generally words different in but either identical both in oridentical only in.A. sound/meaning and spelling/meaning or spellingB. meaning/sound and spelling/sound or spellingC. spelling/meaning and spelling/meaning or soundD. none of the above85. Of t

4、he types of homonyms,constitute the largest number and the most common.A. perfect homonyms B. homophones C. homographs D. antonymyA 6. Homophones are words identical only in but different in two other aspects.A. soundB. meaningC. spellingD. senseC 7. Homographs are words identical only in but differ

5、ent in two other aspects.A. soundB. meaningC. spellingD. senseD 8. The origins of homonyms have.A. change in sound B. spelling C. borrowing D. all the aboveA 9. On Sunday they pray for you and on Monday they prey on you . " In this sentence, is created .A. pun B. personification C. metaphor D.

6、similesC10.are words which have the same or very nearly the same essential meaning.A. Antonyms B. Metaphors C. SynonymsD. SimilesB11. Absolute synonyms are.A. numerous B. rare C. popular D. commonC12. Relative synonyms also called near-synonyms are similar or nearly the same in B. affective meaningD

7、. collocative meaning in lexicology are.B. relative synonymsD. not synonymsA. stylistic meaningC. conceptual meaning A13. Composition/compoundingA. absolute synonymsC. near synonymsB14. The most important sources of synonyms is perhapsB. borrowingD. coincidence with idiomatic expressionsA. dialects

8、and regional EnglishC. figurative and euphemistic use of wordsD15. Antonymy is concerned with semanticA. relationB. similarity C. difference D. oppositionB16. Antonyms can be classified into the following types except.A. contradictory termsB. absolute termsC. contrary termsD. relative termsB17.is co

9、ntrary antonymy.A. True/false" B. Rich/poor " C. Parent/child " D. Male/female B18. Teacher /studenf are.A. contradictory antonyms B. relative antonymsC. contrary antonymsD. not antonymsD19.deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.A. Polysemy B. Homonymy C. Antonymy D. Hypony

10、myA20. As for the hyponymy we have and.A. superordinates, subordinates B. antonyms, synonymsC. monosemy, polysemyD. radiation, concatenationB 21. The status either as superordinate or subordinate is to other term .A. absolute B. relative C. fixed D. stableC22. A semantic field is a meaning area wher

11、e words share the same .A. pronunciation B. spelling C. concept D. tenseC23. In concatenation, between the latest sense and the original sense, there is.A. direct connection B. semantic connectionC. no direct connection D. no any connectionB24. Radiation and concatenation are different stages of the

12、 development leading to polysemy. Generally, radiation concatenation.A. is behind B. precedes C. is with D. makes up forII. Fill in the blanks according to first letter that has been given.1. Synchronically, polysemy is viewed as the c of various meaning of the sameword in a certain historical perio

13、d time. coexistence2. A word has many meanings, but when a word is first coined, it is always m. monosemic3. When a word is created, it has only one meaning. The first meaning is pmeaning. primary4. Concatenation describes a process where each of the later meaning is related only to the p like chain

14、s. preceding one5. Perfect homonyms and p are fully identical with regard to spelling and p. polysemants, pronunciation6. Absolute synonyms are restricted to highly s. specialized vocabulary7. The words which are fully i in meaning are called a synonyms. identical, absolute8. Synonyms may differ in

15、the aspects of denotation, connotation and the a.application9. H refers to the relationship the meaning of a more specific word is included inthat of another more general word. HyponymyIII. Complete the following sentences with an appropriate word according to the instructionsgiven in the brackets.1

16、. Absence sharpens love,strengthens it. (antonym) presence2. Bill moved and earth to get a ticket for Mary. (antonym) heaven3. I saw her gathering up her bits and for the move to the cabin. (synonym)pieces4. Having learned that he was admitted to the university, he was so excited that he tossed and

17、on the bed all through the night without a wink of sleep. ( synonym)turned5. If we do not hang together, we shall separately. ( homonym) hang6. While the prospects are bright, the road has and turns. (synonym) twists7. Under on the menu is listed such drinks as tea, coffee, beer, fruit juice, and so

18、on. (superordinate) beverage8. A week without sleep can make a person very. (homonym) weak9. A good makes a good ending. (antonym) beginning10. For $ 30, the Smiths bought a very nice, the furniture to store utensils in the kitchen. (subordinate) cupboardIV. Comment on the following sentences using

19、the theory of hyponymy and then improve the sentences.1. Trees surround the water near our summer place.2. He bought a piece of furniture and found it in poor condition.Reference： Tree is a superordinate, governing a lot of subordinates such as willow, pine, elm, etc. This sentence can be more vivid

20、 if put this way: Willow trees surround the lake near our summer resort. Again, here water“ is also a superordinate, lake“ is specific, and summer place“ is not so specific as summer resort".V. Answer the following questions.1. What are the differences between homonyms and polysemants?a. Homony

21、m refers to different words which happen to share the same form and polysemants is the one and same word which has several distinguishable meanings.b. Homonyms are from different sources. A polysemant is from the same source.c. The various meanings of a polysemant are correlated and connected the on

22、e central meaning. Meanings of different homonyms have nothing to do with one another.2. What are the characteristics of antonyms?a. Antonyms are classified on the basis of semantic opposition.b. A word which has more than one meaning can have more than one antonym.c. Antonyms differ in semantic inc

23、lusion.d. Contrary terms are gradable antonyms, differing in degree of intensity, so each has its own corresponding opposite.3. What are the characteristics of contradictory antonymy?a. These antonyms truly represent oppositeness of meaning. They are so opposed to each other that they are mutually e

24、xclusive and admit no possibility between them. The assertion of one is the denial of the other.b. These antonyms are non-gradable.VI. Analyze and comment on the following.1. A ball rolled into the ball suddenly.Explain two ball" meaning in this sentence. Which kind of sense relation do they belong to? Give the explanation of their origins.The first ball“ means a round object to play with. The second ball“ means a dancing party.They belong to homonym. The former is borrowed from beallu “in old English. The latter