whatthatwherewhohow在不同從句中的用法

1、what-that-where-who-how在不同從句中的用法作者:日期:回復(fù)：what, that , where , who , how在不同從句中的用法四組名詞性從句引導(dǎo)詞用法區(qū)別1. what 與that的用法區(qū)別兩者均可引導(dǎo)主語、表語、賓語從句，區(qū)別是what可在從句中用作主語、賓語或表語，意為“什么”或“所的"，而that僅起連接作用，本身沒有實際意義，在從句中也不充當(dāng)任何句子成分(引導(dǎo)賓語從句時通?？梢允÷?：He does n' t know what she likes.他不知道她喜歡什么。What you say is quite right.你所說的相

2、當(dāng)正確。I believe (that) he will come to see us.我相信他會來看我們的。It ' s a pity (that) he didn' t finish college.真遺憾他大學(xué)沒畢業(yè)。另外，that可引導(dǎo)同位語從句，但what通常不用于引導(dǎo)同位語從句：I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你在這兒。2. whether 與if 的用法區(qū)另廠|兩者的用法異同注意以下幾點：(1)兩者均可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，表示“是否”，?？苫Q：He asked if whether we wan ted a drink.他問我

3、們是否想喝一杯。He didn ' t tell me if whether he would come.他沒有告訴我他是否會來?！咀ⅰ咳羰且龑?dǎo)條件狀語從句，則只能用if(意為“如果”)。(2)當(dāng)引導(dǎo)一個否定的賓語從句時，通常用if 而不用 whether :I don ' t care if it doesn ' t rain.我不在乎天是否下雨【注】在個別詞語(如wonder, not sure等)后的從句否定式有時也可用whether引導(dǎo)：I wonder if whether he isn' t mistaken.我想知道他是否錯了(3)以下情況通常要用

4、 whether而不用if : 引導(dǎo)賓語從句且置于句首時：Whether he has left, I ca n't say.他是否走了，我說不定。 引導(dǎo)主語從句且放在句首時：Whether he will come is still a question.他是否會來還是個問題?！咀ⅰ咳粼诰涫资褂眯问街髡Zit ，而將主語從句放在句末，則有時也可用if 來引導(dǎo):It was not known whether if he would come.不知他是否會來。 引導(dǎo)表語從句時：The questi on is whether we should go on with the work.問

5、題是我們是否應(yīng)該繼續(xù)進行這項工作?！咀ⅰ吭诤懿徽降膱龊蟟f偶爾也用于引導(dǎo)表語從句，但遠不如用whether常見。 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時：Whether he agrees or n ot, I shall do that.不管他同意與否，我都要那樣做。 引導(dǎo)同位語從句時：The questi on whether we n eed it has not bee n con sidered.我們是否需要它還沒有考慮。 用于不定式之前時：I ' m not sure whether to stay or leave.I didn ' t know whether to laugh

6、or to cry. 用于介詞之后時：It depends on whether the letter arrives in time.I worry about whether I hurt her feeli ngs. 直接與or not 連用時：I will write to you whether or not I can come.我不知是留還是去。我真是哭笑不得。這取決于信是否來得及時。我擔(dān)心是否傷了她的感情。我能不能來，我將寫信告訴你。【注】若不是直接與 or not用在一起，則有時也可用if :I don ' t know whether if he will win

7、or not.我不知他是否能贏。 在discuss（討論）等少數(shù)動詞后引導(dǎo)賓語從句時：We discussed whether we should hold a meet ing.我們討論了是否要開一個會。3. that ,why 與because 的用法區(qū)別它們在引導(dǎo)表語從句中很容易混淆，區(qū)別于下:(1)當(dāng)主語是reason(原因)時，后面的表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞通常用that :The reason why he didn ' t attend the party yesterday is that he hasn' t come back yet.他昨天沒有參加聚會是因為他還沒

8、有回來。【注】在現(xiàn)代英語中，有時也用 because，但不如用that 普通。(2) why和because都可引導(dǎo)表語從句，但前者強調(diào)結(jié)果，后者強調(diào)的原因：I had neither a rain coat nor an umbrella. That' s why I got wet all through.我既沒穿雨衣，也沒帶雨傘，所以全身都淋濕了I got wet all through. That ' s because I had neither a rain coat noran umbrella.我全身都淋濕了，因為我既沒穿雨衣，也沒帶雨傘47!hat與 whet

9、her (if)的用法區(qū)別從意思上看，兩者不應(yīng)該發(fā)生混淆，因為whether (if) 表示“是否”，而that卻不表示任何含義，但實際使用時，有的同學(xué)卻經(jīng)常將其用混，并且各類語法考試也?？疾樗?。兩者的原則區(qū)別是：that表示一種肯定、明確的概念，而whether (if)則表示一種不肯定、不明確的概念。請看幾道考題：.the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.A. ThatB. IfC. WhetherD. When ever選 C.we ' ll go camping tomorrow depen

10、ds on the weather.A. IfB. WhetherC. ThatD. Where選B由于以上區(qū)別，所以動詞doubt后接賓語從句時，通常要用whether (if)來引導(dǎo)，而不用that ，因為doubt表示“懷疑”，其意不肯定、不明確；但是如果它用于否定式,其后的賓語從句則要通常用that來引導(dǎo)，因為not doubt表示“不懷疑”，其意是肯定的、明確的。如:I doubt if whether hell come.我拿不準他是否會來。I don ' t doubt that he will succeed.我敢肯定他會成功。Do you doubt that he

11、will win?你不相信他會贏嗎？【注】在現(xiàn)代英語中，doubt用于肯定式時其后也可接that從句，不過此時的that仍表示whether的意思:I doubt that we ' ll ever see George again.我懷疑我們是否還會見到喬治。類似地，be sure后的名詞性從句通常用that引導(dǎo)，而be not sure后的名詞性從句則通常用whether / if來引導(dǎo)：I ' m not sure whether (if)he is honest.我不敢肯定他是否誠實。英語老師相冊組別:版 主性別：E! 保密*生日:1973-1-1來自：積分:12833

12、帖子:6051注冊：2008-09-13英語老師最后編輯于2011-02-13 09:32:20TOF-2011-02-13 09:32|樹型|收藏|小中大3回復(fù)：what，that，where ， who， how在不同從句中的用法定語從句引導(dǎo)詞用法一、that 與 which I1. 常規(guī)用法：代指指物的先行詞例：I don't believe the story that/which he told me.2. 特殊用法：1) 用 that 不用 whicha.先行詞為不定代詞( 常用不定代詞有：some( something， somebody， someon, any (an

13、ything，anybody，anyone)， no ( nothing ，nobody，no one)， every ( everyth ing ， everybody， every one，)， all ， ea ch，both，much, many, (a)little ， (a)few，other (s)， another， none，one， either ， neither等。一般來講，修飾不定代詞的詞要置于其后。b. 先行詞為序數(shù)詞或序數(shù)詞修飾c. 先行詞為最高級或有最高修飾，或表示最高級意義。d. 先行詞有any，only等修飾1. 在there + be的句型中，句子的主語是

14、先行詞，而且又是物例如：There are two novels that I want to read.我要讀的有兩本小說。There is no work that can be done now.沒有什么工作現(xiàn)在能做的了2. 當(dāng)先行詞為主句的表語或者關(guān)系代詞為從句的表語時。例如:這就是昨天買的書。我們的學(xué)校不再是以前的學(xué)校了。This is the book that was bought yesterday.Our school is no Ion ger the school that it used to be.3. 以Here is (are)開頭的句子時。例如:Here is

15、a film that will move anyone.這是一部將使任何人受感動的電影。Here are two books that I will buy.這是我要買的兩本書。4.It is (high)time +定語從句中例如:It is time that we should have a rest.我們應(yīng)該休息了。It is high time that they started out.他們該動身了。5.當(dāng)先行詞是way等詞時，關(guān)系代詞用that或者in which在定語從句中作方式狀語時，在口語中,常可省略。例如:This is the way that my father d

16、id this work.這就是我父親做此工作的方式。She admired the way in which I an swered the questi ons.她羨慕我回答問題的方式。例如：He is the student that I have ever see who can jump highest.他是我曾經(jīng)看到過跳得最高的學(xué)生。My brother studies in the school which is the most beautiful in our city that isn't far from here.我的弟弟在我們的城市最美麗的學(xué)校讀書，并且離這兒

17、不遠。7. 當(dāng)先行詞被the last , the very和the only 修飾時。例如：This is the very pen that I am looki ng for.這正是我找的鋼筆。The only book I want to read is miss ing.我唯一想看的書不見了。8. 在強調(diào)句子中，并且以who ,which, what開頭時。例如：Who was it that was lost ?究竟是誰迷路了？（此句中，最好不用who來代替that，避免重復(fù)。）What was it that you did last week?你上周究竟做什么了？9. 當(dāng)先行詞

18、有序數(shù)詞時。例如：You are the first person that I want to ask for.你是我要見的第一個人。This is the sec ond book that I have ever writt en.這是我寫的第二本書。等修飾時，10. 當(dāng)先行詞被 all, every, no , some, few , little, much, both例如：This is all that I want to say at the meeti ng.這就是我在會上要說的。Have you any books that are worth reading?你有值的看的

19、書嗎？11. 當(dāng)先行詞既指人又指物時。例如：The professor and his achieveme nt that I heard about are admired by them .我聽說的那位教授和他的成就得到他們的贊美。Let's talk about the persons and the thi ngs that we can remember.讓我們談?wù)撃軌蛳肫鸬娜撕褪隆?2. 當(dāng)先行詞為 anything、everything、nothing 時，關(guān)系代詞用 that,不用 which ;但用 somethin g時，用which或者that均可。例如：Everythi ng we have seen in Chi na is movi ng.我們在中國看見的東西件件感人。I have no thi ng that is worth reading.我沒有什么值得一讀的東西。13. 當(dāng)先行詞是疑問代詞 who時。例如:你曾見過誰能在棋藝上打敗他?Who that you have ever see n can beat him in chess?2) 用