Ⅷ.習(xí)語、諺語、俗語、詩句的翻譯

1、一、習(xí)語、諺語、俗語、詩句的翻譯每種語言的背后都有深厚的文化積淀,各國各族人們?cè)陂L(zhǎng)期實(shí)踐和使用過程中不斷提煉出一些習(xí)語,反映本國、本民族的社會(huì)歷史、文化、風(fēng)土人情,用簡(jiǎn)練、優(yōu)美的語言體現(xiàn)出深厚的文化底蘊(yùn)和豐富的意義。這些習(xí)語是語言的精華,是人類智慧的結(jié)晶。漢語和英語均是使用廣泛的語言,都有十分豐富的習(xí)語,人們?cè)诮煌^程中往往使用習(xí)語來表達(dá)深刻的道理,增加語言美以達(dá)到更好的交際效果.在國際交往中也是如此。另外,人們也常引用一些經(jīng)典詩句來表情達(dá)意。因此,在進(jìn)行口譯時(shí)經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到需要快速傳譯習(xí)語、詩句的情況。例如溫家寶總理在紐約演講時(shí)就引用了一句古詩“會(huì)當(dāng)凌絕頂,一覽眾山小”(I will ascen

2、d 1the mountain's dominant peakto have a commanding view all in a sweep;在哈佛大學(xué)的演講中引用了“天下興亡,匹夫有責(zé)”(Everybody is responsible for the rise or fall of the country、“衙齋臥聽蕭蕭竹,疑是人間疾苦聲”(The rustling of bamboo outside my door sounds like the moaning of the needy poor;迎接外賓時(shí)人們常會(huì)說“有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來,不亦樂乎”(It is such a del

3、ight to have friends coming from afar。在這些情況下,若口譯員平常沒有訓(xùn)練過習(xí)語、詩句的口譯,沒有熟記一些常用的習(xí)語、經(jīng)典詩句,而是臨場(chǎng)翻譯,勢(shì)必難譯其妙,甚至?xí)Z塞卡殼。習(xí)語、詩句的轉(zhuǎn)譯對(duì)口譯人員來說是艱難而又必須跨越的障礙,因此,了解和掌握一些耳熟能詳?shù)牧?xí)語和經(jīng)典詩句對(duì)提高口譯質(zhì)量將大有益處。1.百花齊放,百家爭(zhēng)鳴。Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend.2.搬石頭砸自己的腳。Lifting a rock only to have his own toe

4、s squashed.3.賓至如歸。When the visitor arrives,it is as if returning home.4.不到黃河心不死。Until all is over ambition never dies.5.不管三七二十一。No matter what you may say.6.不入虎穴,焉得虎子。How can one get tiger cubs even without entering the tiger's lair?7.趁熱打鐵。Strike while the iron is hot.8.沒有不帶刺的玫瑰。Theres no rose w

5、ithout a thorn.9.成則公侯敗則寇。People may become princes or thieves,depending on whether theyre successful or not.10.大智若愚。He knows most who speaks least.11.但愿人長(zhǎng)久,千里共嬋娟。We wish each other a long life so as to share the beauty of this graceful moonlight, even though miles apart.12.獨(dú)立自主,自力更生。To maintain inde

6、pendence and keep the initiative in our hands and rely on our own efforts.13.獨(dú)木不成林。One person cannot accomplish much.14.二人同心,其力斷金。If two people ale of the same mind,their sharpness can cut through metal.15.各人自掃門前雪,哪管他家瓦上霜。Sweep the snow from your own front door,leave the frost on the other mans roof

7、 to thaw.16.水能載舟,亦能覆舟。The water that bears the boat is the same that swallows it up.17.狗咬呂洞賓,不識(shí)好人心。Like the dog that bit Lu Tungbin-you bit the hand that feeds you.18.海內(nèi)存知己,天涯若比鄰。A bosom friend afar brings distance near.19.葫蘆里賣的什么藥?Whats at the back of it?20.既來之,則安之。Take things as they come.21.己所不欲,

8、勿施于人。Do not do to others what you would not have others do to you.22.撿了芝麻,丟了西瓜。To concentrate on minor matters to the neglect of maior ones.23.見賢思齊。When you see men of worth,you should think of equaling them.24.酒香不怕巷子深。Good wine needs no bush.25.居安思危。In time of peace prepare for war.26.君子之交淡如水。A hed

9、ge between keeps friendship green.27.路遙知馬力,日久見人心。A long road tests a horses strength and a long task proves a man's heart.28.人言可畏。The tongue is not steel, yet it cuts.29.民為貴,社稷次之,君為輕。The people are the most important element in a state;next al'e the gods of land and grain;least is the ruler

10、himself.30.謀事在人,成事在天。Man proposes,God disposes.31.木已成舟。The wood is already made into a boat-whats done is done.32.能者多勞。All lay loads on a willing horse.33.寧為玉碎,不為瓦全。Better die with honor than live with shame.34.否極泰來。The extreme of adversity is the beginning of prosperity.35.拼著一身剮,敢把皇帝拉下馬。One who wil

11、l risk being sliced to pieces dare unsaddle the Emperor.36.青出于藍(lán)而勝于藍(lán)。The pupil outdoes the master.37.清官難斷家務(wù)事。Not even good officials can settle family troubles.38.人怕出名豬怕壯。Great honors are great burdens.39.塞翁失馬,焉知非福。Nothing so bad,as not to be good for anything.40.三個(gè)和尚沒水喝。Everybodys business is nobody

12、s business·41.少數(shù)服從多數(shù)。The minority is subordinate to the majority.42.少壯不努力,老大徒傷悲。A young idler, an old beggar.43.身正不怕影子斜。A straight foot is not afraid of a crooked shoe.44.盛名之下,其實(shí)難副。Common fame is a liar.45.盛筵必散。Even the grandest feast must have an end.46.生于憂患,死于安樂。Life springs from sorrow and c

13、alamity,and death from ease and pleasure.47.失之東隅,收之桑蠶。What we lose in hake we shall have in herring.48.十年樹木,百年樹人。It takes ten years to grow trees but a hundred years to rear people·49.識(shí)時(shí)務(wù)者為俊杰。Whosoever understands the times is a great man.50.逝者如斯乎!不舍晝夜。The passage of time is just like the flow

14、of water,which goes on day night.51.順其自然。Let the nature take care of it.52.天生萬物,唯人為貴。Man is the most valuable among all the things that heaven fosters.53.天涯何處無芳草。There are plenty of fish in the sea.54.為人不做虧心事,半夜不怕鬼敲門。A clear conscience is a sure card.55.溫故而知新,可以為師矣。He who by reviewing the old can ga

15、in knowledge of the new and is fit to be a teacher.56.聞過則喜。One rejoices when he is told to have a fault.No smoke without fire.58.無可奈何花落去。Flowers fall off, do what one may.59.小巫見大巫。The moon is not seen when the sun shines.Little chips light great fire.61. 學(xué)如逆水行舟.不進(jìn)則退。Learning is like rowing upstream:

16、not to advance is to drop back.62.雅俗共賞。Highbrows and lowbrows alike can enjoy.63.眼高手低。To have grandiose aims but puny abilities.64.眼見為實(shí)。Seeing is believing.65.燕雀安知鴻鵠之志。A sparrow cannot understand the ambition of a swan.66.心有余而力不足。The spirit is willing but the flesh is weak.67.一寸光陰一寸金。An inch of time

17、 is an inch of gold.68.一個(gè)巴掌拍不響。It takes two to make a quarrel.69.一回生,二回熟。First time strangers,second time friends.70.一鄉(xiāng)之善士斯友一鄉(xiāng)之善士,天下之善士斯友天下之善士。A good citizen in one community will befriend the other citizens of the community;a good citizen of the world will befriend the other citizens of the world.7

18、1.一招不慎滿盤皆輸。0ne careless move loses the whole game.72.有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來,不亦樂乎。It is such a delight to have friends coming from afar.73.鷸蚌相爭(zhēng),漁翁得利。Two dogs strive for a bone,and a third runs away with it.74.與君一席話,勝讀十年書。0ne evenings conversation with a gentleman is worth more than ten years'study.75.欲窮千里目,更上一層樓

19、。We widen our views three hundred miles by ascending one flight of stairs.76.欲速則不達(dá)。More haste,less speed.77.這山望著那山高。The grass is greener on the other side.True blue will never stain.79.智者千慮,必有一失。The best horse stumbles.80.眾人拾柴火焰高。Many hands make light work.英譯漢l. A bird in the hand is worth two in th

20、e bush.雙鳥在林,不如一鳥在手。2.A bird is known by its note and a man by his talk.聞啼知鳥,聞言知人。3.A fall into the pit,a gain in your wit.吃一塹長(zhǎng)一智。4.A good beginning is half the battle.一個(gè)良好的開端是成功的一半。5.A rolling stone gathers no moss.滾石不生苔。6.A small leak will sink a great ship.小洞不堵要沉大船。7.A wise man tightens his tongue

21、, speaking less than thinking.智者慎育,多思少說。8.Absence makes the heart grow fonder.離得越久想得越甚。9.Actions speak louder than words.事實(shí)勝于雄辯。1O.All is not gold that glitters.發(fā)光的并不都是金子。11.All the rivers run into the sea;yet the sea is not full.百川歸海而海不盈。12.Barking dogs do not bite.吠犬不咬人。13.Beggars cannot be choose

22、rs.只好給什么就要什么。14.Be slow to promise and quick to perform.慢許諾,快履行。15.Birds of a feather flock together.物以類聚,人以群分。16.Can not see the wood for the trees.一葉障目,不見泰山。17.Can the leopard change his spots!江山易改,本性難移。18.Care kills a cat.憂能傷身。l9.Catch not at the shadow and lose the substance.勿因小失大，舍本逐末。 20Cautio

23、n is the parent of safety 小心駛得萬年船。 21Constant dropping wears away a stone. 滴水穿石。 22Content is better than riches 知足勝于財(cái)富(知足常樂。 23Diamond cut diamond 強(qiáng)中自有強(qiáng)中手。 24Do in Rome as Romans do 人鄉(xiāng)隨俗。 25Dont put the cart before the horse 切勿本末倒置。 26Easy come，easy go 來得容易去得快。 27Empty vessels make the most noise 無

24、知的人愛自吹。 28Every dog has his day 凡人皆有得意日。 29Every man has his faults 金無足赤，人無完人。 30The style is the man 文如其人。 31Fine feathers make fine birds 人靠衣裝，佛靠金裝。 32Fortune knocks once at least at every manS，gate 風(fēng)水輪流轉(zhuǎn)。 33Four eyes see more than two 集思廣益。 34Great minds think alike 英雄所見略同。 35Great oaks from litt

25、le acorns grow 合抱之木，生于毫末。 36Half a loaf is better than no bread 有半塊面包總比沒有好。 37He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑。 38He who laughs last laughs best 誰笑到最后誰就笑得最好。 39If you cannot stand the heatget out of the kitchen 怕苦就別干。 40If you willyou shall be taught 處處留心皆學(xué)問。 41Ill ne

26、ws comes apace 好事不出門，壞事傳千里。 42Ill workmen often blame their tools 拙工咎器。 43In a calm sea，every man is a pilot 海面平靜，人人都可當(dāng)舵手。 44In the end things will mend 車到山前必有路。 45Its a long lane that has no turning 路必有彎。 46It never rains but it pours 不鳴則已，一鳴驚人。 47Jack of all trades，and master of none 門門精通，樣樣稀松。 48

27、Justice has long arms 天網(wǎng)恢恢，疏而不漏。 49Kill two birds with one stone 一箭雙雕。 50Let sleeping dog lie 勿打草驚蛇。 51Let's put all the cards on the table 讓我們打開天窗說亮話吧。 52Like father，like son 有其父，必有其子。 53Like knows like. 英雄識(shí)英雄。 54.Look before you leap 三思而后行。 55.Lookers-on see more than players 當(dāng)事者迷，旁觀者清。 56Make hay while the sun shines 趁晴曬草。 57Many hands make light work 眾人拾柴火焰高。 58Many kiss the baby for the nurses sake 醉翁之意不在酒。 59No smoke without fire 無火不起煙(無風(fēng)不起浪。 60One false move may lose the