詞法翻譯篇練習(xí)

1、詞法翻譯篇積極利用國外資源make effective use of overseas resources第一章漢英詞匯比較與翻譯第一節(jié)翻譯中的選義1. 他昨天擦破了皮，現(xiàn)在到醫(yī)院換藥去了。dressing 1 in the hospital.He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to cha nge2. 佃農(nóng)家庭的生活自然是很苦的?？墒怯捎谀赣H聰明能干，卻也舒服。The life of a tenant farmer's family was of course hard, but we somehow man aged to scr

2、a pe along because mother was a clever and able woma n.3. 豪華家具帶給您典雅的歐陸風(fēng)情。You will be en cha nted by the unique European style of Fuhua furn iture4. 我那新郎官哪！那個死東西！他就是死也不肯僅洞房。My betrothed! Damn him, he simp ly refused to come into the bridal chamber!二、量詞搭配1. 一窩蜜蜂 a swarm of bees一窩小雞 a brood of chickens

3、窩幼犬 a litter of pups 2. 一群美女 a bevy of beautiful ladies 一群獵狗 a pack of hounds一群鴨 a team of ducks一群羚羊 a herd of an tel opes3.積極支持 unfailing support積極的財政政策proactive fiscal policy4. 打電話 make a phone call 打的 take a taxi 打毛衣 knit a woolen sweater打水fetch water 打農(nóng)藥spray in secticide5.基本工資 basic wage基本建設(shè) ca

4、p ital con structi on基本物質(zhì) esse ntial commodity基本工業(yè) p rimary in dustry基本禾 U益 fun dame ntal in terest三、翻譯句子（意見”與1. 兩位領(lǐng)導(dǎo)就雙邊關(guān)系及共同關(guān)心的問題交換了意見。The two leaders excha nged views on bilateral relati ons and issues of com mon concern.2. 黨員應(yīng)該虛心傾聽群眾的意見。P arty members should liste n carefully to the opinions of t

5、he gen eral p ublic.3. 他們對這項計劃提出了修改的意見。They offered some suggesti ons for the revisi on of the plan.4. 大家對這一做法很有意見。Everyone complained aga inst such a p ractice.5. 他們在會上鬧起了意見。They had a dis pute at the meet ing.6. 你應(yīng)該聽從醫(yī)生的意見。s advice.You should follow the doctor7. 他們就此問題取得了一致的意見。They reached a conse

6、n sus on this issue.8.還有些未完成的事要處理。There is still some unfini shed bus in ess to settle.9.我們就這件事請教過他。We have con suited him about the matter.10.請回去吧，這里沒你的事了。Please go back. There is nothing of your concern now.第二節(jié)翻譯中的選詞那要看情況如何。That depends upon circumsta nces.這種情況必須改變。This state of affairs must be ch

7、a nged.他們的情況怎么樣?How do matters sta nd with them?嚴(yán)格訓(xùn)練，嚴(yán)格要求。Go in for rigorous training and set strict dema nd.開舟占 set sail 開盤 open quotation開工 go into operation1.連續(xù)下了三天大雨。It rained cats and dogs three days on en d/ i n successi on.2.他愛說大話。He like talk ing big/large/horse/tall. He likes say ing big wo

8、rds.3.他們在給教師大掃除。They are givi ng the classroom a good (ge neral/s prin g/thorough) clea n.4. 他這樣的人大有人在。A person like him is by no mea ns/ i n no way/ on no acco unt rare.5. 根據(jù)你的建議，我們應(yīng)該辦大廠了。We should go in for in dustry in a big way in accorda nee with your suggesti on.6. 如果你那樣干，你大錯特錯了。If you do it l

9、ike that, you'll be completely mistaken/ be absoluttynw/ make a bigmistake/ make a major blunder/ commit a very gross error.第三節(jié)翻譯中的多樣性1. 你兩個已是情投意合，竟把你許了他，豈不好?IT sounds as if the two of you are always of one mind. How would it be if we wee to betroth you to him.2. 一面說，一面咬牙切齒的，又說道Through clen ched

10、 teeth he added.3. 他倒不怨我，他臨死咬牙切齒，倒恨寶玉呢。She bore me grudge. It was Baoyu who made her grind her teeth with rage just before she died“If she ' s dead, ” she retorted,4. 鳳姐忙收了怯色，反喝道：死了罷了，有什么大驚小姑的！”But after her in itial fright Xife ng put on a bold face.“ What' s all the fuss about?成語翻譯1. 我說你得隴

11、望蜀”呢。The more you get, the more you want.2. 得隴望蜀，人之常情。It ' s only natural for man to hanker for more.3. 他們兩個鬼鬼祟祟的，不知道在說些什么。Goodness knows what they ' re being so secretive about.4. 這兩天她經(jīng)常往這里跑，鬼鬼祟祟的，不知干些什么事。She' s bee n cree ping in here the last couple of days in a very sn eaky way. Good

12、 ness knows what she ' s up to.5. 誰告訴你們了？你們這樣大驚小怪的。Who told you to make such a fuss over nothing?6. 還是隨便一點吧，不必大驚小怪的。Anything will do; don ' t fuss.7. 奶奶病著呢，別大驚小怪的Our gran dma is ill; don't kick up such a shiipdy.“We thought it was some one who8. 大家聽了，說：我當(dāng)是誰呢，這樣大驚小怪的。沒必要吧。Whe n others hea

13、rd this they comme nted.mattered, but this isn't worth making such a fuss about.第二章詞法翻譯得到一般技巧第一節(jié)對等譯法、翻譯句子1.只有當(dāng)雙方談話投機，希望繼續(xù)交往時，才會主動掏出名片。Only whe n they find much in com mon and hope to kee p in touch later on, will theyoffer their cards.2.再例如，作為一個中國人，經(jīng)書不可不讀。我年過三十才知道讀書自修的重要。Ano ther exa mple. The r

14、ead ing of Chin ese classics is a must for all Chin ese.Nevertheless, it was not un til I was over 30 that I came to realize the importance ofself-study in the matter of classics.3.寄語年輕朋友，千萬要持之以恒地從事運動，這不是嬉戲，不是浪費時間。健康的身體是做人做事的真正本錢。Dear young frien ds, my advice to you : Do p hysical exercises p ersev

15、eri ngly. That hasno thi ng to do with merry-mak ing or time-wasti ng. Good health is the wherewithal3 for asuccessful life and career.二、翻譯成語渾水摸魚fish in troubled waters稱心如意 be after one ' s own heart皮包骨頭skin and bones 觸即發(fā) touch and go一語道破hit the n ail on the head出人頭地 be head and shoulders above

16、others充耳不聞turn a deaf ear to 破釜沉舟 burn one ' s boat視而不見turn a bli nd eye to大海撈針 look for a n eedle in a bun dle of hay三、翻譯諺語這篇文章淺顯易懂。This article is easy to read and un dersta nd.小巫見大巫。三思而后行。Look before you lea p.無風(fēng)不起浪。There is no smoke without fire.第二節(jié)增詞譯法、注意增補代詞請把練習(xí)本交上來。Hand in your exercise-b

17、ook, pl ease.我不能用英語表達思想。I can ' t express myself in English.自由主義觀有各種表現(xiàn)。Liberalism mani fests itself in various ways.不要過分勞累。Don't overwork yourself.出門一里，不如家里。 East or west, home is best.拉入籃里就是菜。All is fish that comes to the net.皇天不負(fù)有心人。Everythi ng comes to him who waits.The moon is not see n

18、whe n the sun shines我想借此機會向你們表達我們的感謝。I wish to avail myself of this opportunity to exp ress our gratitude to you.二、注意增補動詞他們意氣風(fēng)發(fā)。They are in high sp irits.他們喜形于色。They beamed with joy.他眼明手快。He is quick of eye and deft of hand.我對他敬而遠(yuǎn)之。I stood aloof from him.三、從文化角度增補詞語憑你有李、杜的文，顏、曾的行，卻是也沒一個人來問你。You migh

19、t have the genius of Li Bai or Du Fu, who was a great poet in the Tang Dyn asty.and the moral worth of Yan Hui or Zeng She n both of them were dis cip les of Con fucius, no one would ask your advice.班門弄斧 to show off one ' s p roficie ncy with the ax before Lu Ban the master carpen ter濟公劫富濟貧 Jigo

20、 ng, Robin Hood in China, robbed the rich and helped the poor百花齊放 let a hun dred flowers bloom, p ermit the airi ng of conflicting views黑孩子 black children, who are born in violation of China' s onhild policy第三節(jié)減詞譯法一、注意省略原文的范疇詞改革開放扭轉(zhuǎn)了經(jīng)濟停滯不前的局面。Reform and opening-up reversed the stag natio n of n

21、ati onal economy.討論的范圍涉及中美關(guān)系。The discussi on covered Sino-US relati ons.1969年夏天，政府公開主張緩和同中國的緊張關(guān)系。In the summer of 1969, the Adm ini strati on p ublicly urged an eas ing of tensions withChi na.ies會議上，雙方集中討論了保護知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的問題。During the talk, their discussi on cen tered around the p rotect ion of in tellectua

22、l propert rights.今年上半年進出口計劃的執(zhí)行情況，也是很好的。Our impo rt-ex port in the first half of this year has gone very well.21世紀(jì)。二、注意省略原文的重復(fù)成分1. 雙方認(rèn)為應(yīng)把中美關(guān)系放在世界范圍來看，應(yīng)著眼于未來，著眼于The two sides held that Sino-US relatio ns should be viewed in a global con text and from a persp ective of the future and the 21 st cen tury

23、 in p articular.2. 出現(xiàn)問題也容易糾正和改正。Whe n p roblems emerge, they can be easily put right.3. 增強自立意識、競爭意識、效率意識、民主法制意識而后開拓創(chuàng)新意識。In crease the aware ness about self-relia nee, comp etiti on, efficie ncy, and democracy and the rule of law, as well as the pion eeri ng and inno vati on sp irit.4. 沉默??！沉默！不知沉默中爆發(fā)

24、，就在沉默中滅亡。Sile nee! Sile nee! Uni ess we burst out, we shall p erish in this sile nee.5. 生產(chǎn)力是最活躍、最革命的因素，是社會發(fā)展的最終決定力量。Productive forces are the most dyn amic and the most revoluti onary factors as well as the ultimate decisive force of social deve lopment.6. 中國共產(chǎn)黨必須始終代表中國先進生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展要求，代表中國先進文化的前進方向,代表中國最

25、廣大人們的根本利益。Out p arty must always rep rese nt the deve lopment trend of China's advaneed productiveforces; the orie ntati on of Chi na's adva need culture, and the fun dame ntal in terests of theoverwhel ming majority of people in China.三、注意省略原文中多余的或空洞的詞語1. 我們需要從其他國家進口先進工藝設(shè)備。We n eed to impor

26、t adva need in dustrial equipment.2. 那是騙人的幌子。That is a fa? ade.3. 艱苦奮斗的精神要貫徹始終。We must adhere to the principle of plain liv ing and hard struggle.4. 我們要大力發(fā)揚求真務(wù)實，勇于創(chuàng)新的精神。We must carry forward and pro mote the sp irit of p racticality, truth-seek ing and courage in inno vati on.5. 這就徹底打破了他華而不實的夢想。This

27、 shattered his illusi on.6. 我們強烈要求美國政府就這次事件向中國鄭重道歉。We dema nd that US gover nment apo logize to China for this in cide nt.7. 鼓勵國內(nèi)外投資者到中西部投資。En courage both Chin ese and overseas in vestme nts in the cen tral and wester n regi ons.第四節(jié)合并譯法、合并譯法，翻譯下列四字成語或詞組 花言巧語fine words 油嘴滑舌 glib tongue 精疲力竭 exhauste

28、d吞吞吐吐 stumbling 調(diào)兵遣將 move forces 破釜沉舟 burn one ' s boat二、句子翻譯1. 我穿上我那身破爛衣服，鉆到那空甜桶里去呆著，這才發(fā)掘自己自由自在，心滿意足。I got into my old rags and my sugar-hogshead 大桶 again, and was free and satisfied.2. 這五場演出時場場爆滿，座無虛席，許多觀眾只好立足觀賞。Each of the five p erforma nces enjoyed a full house, with many sp ectators havi n

29、g to sta nd.3. 他決心洗心革面，脫胎換骨。He is determ ined to turn over a new leaf.4. 海峽兩岸的中國人民都是骨肉同胞，手足兄弟。The Chin ese on both sides of the Taiwa n Straits are of the same flesh and blood.5. 全體成員精誠合作，上下一心。All the staff un ite in absolute sin cerity.6. 你來之前，我無所事事，只是游手好閑，逢場作戲。Before you came, I did nothing but id

30、le and drift into anything that offered itself.7. 他想遠(yuǎn)走高飛，免得心煩。He sought the distracti on of dista nee.第五節(jié)轉(zhuǎn)性譯法1. 代表們一致表示反對核武器。The delegates unanim ously exp ressed their determ in ati on to oppose the nu clear wea pons.2. 他的新書十分成功。His new book is a great success.3. 她的聲音響徹整個屋子。Her voice rings through

31、the house.4.這里人煙稠密。The area is densely populated.5.她不得已當(dāng)了導(dǎo)游。 She acted as a reluctant tourist guide.6.氧是物質(zhì)世界的重要元素之一，它的化學(xué)反應(yīng)很強。Oxyge n is one of the imp orta nt eleme nts in the p hysical world; it is very active chemically.7. 這種舉止是罪犯的心理特征。This kind of behavior characterizes the crim inal mind.8. 這咖啡有

32、點巧克力的味道。This coffee tastes of chocolate.9. 學(xué)生們都應(yīng)該德、智、體全面發(fā)展。All the stude nts should deve lop morally, in tellectually and p hysically.10. 如果旅館都滿客了，我們可以給你提供住處。We can house you if the hotels are full.第六節(jié)換形譯法1. 實現(xiàn)了千百年來圍湖造田、與湖爭地到大規(guī)模退田還湖的歷史性轉(zhuǎn)變。This rep rese nted a great shift from the cen turies-l ong hi

33、story of reclaimi ng farmla nd from lakes to restori ng it to them on a large scale.2. 這是我廠的關(guān)鍵車間，設(shè)備還是比較齊全的。這些機械設(shè)備的上方，我們還裝配了冷卻通風(fēng)設(shè)備、供暖設(shè)備以及通訊設(shè)備等。This is the key worksho p in our factory. Here we have comp aratively compi ete equipment.s facilities are also equippedCooli ng-fa n in stallatio ns, heat in

34、g devices and com muni cati on over those mach in eries.第七節(jié)褒貶譯法褒義詞中性詞貶義詞人群Gatheri ng/assemblyCrowdMob肥胖的P ortly4Overweighttubby 5苗條的Slim/sle nderUn derweight/th in /freshySkinny/gaunt/lanky朋友ComradeFrie ndCrony作家Man of letterWriterWordm on ger 6堅持p erseverecon ti nuep ersist 7注意畫線詞語的褒貶1. 他熱衷于個人名利。He

35、 is always han keri ng after personal fame and gains.2. 她熱衷于花樣滑冰。She is fond of figure skati ng.3. 他販賣皮貨。He is in the fur trade.4. 你這是在販賣民族虛無主義。You are p eddli ng n ati onal n ihilism.5. 他與侵略者合作，出賣了自己的國家。He collaborated 8 with the invaders and betrayed his motherland.6. 我們應(yīng)加強合作We should enhance our m