同位語從句講解

1、初中英語語法同位語從句專項(xiàng)講解與訓(xùn)練（一）概念一般來說，在主從復(fù)合句中 用作同位語的從句叫同位語從句。它通常跟在某些名詞之后，用以說明或解釋該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容?？梢愿徽Z從句的名詞通常有：advice, decision, fact, hope, idea, information, message, news, promise, proposal, reply, report, suggestion, word （消息），problem, question, doubt, thought等。 例如：They were delighted at the newsthat their tea

2、m had won.當(dāng)聽到他們隊(duì)獲勝的消息時(shí)，他們欣喜若狂。Where did you get the ideathat I could not come?你從哪兒聽說我不能來？有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在被說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：The thought came to himthat Tom might have returned the book.他突然想起湯姆可能已經(jīng)還了書了。（二）引導(dǎo)詞請仔細(xì)觀察下列句子，注意從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。1. The newsthat Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.2. He hasn&#

3、39; made the decisionwhether he will go there.3. The questionwho should do the work is being discussed at the meeting4. I have no ideawhat the boy is doing in the next room now.5. We haven' yet settled the questionwhere we are going to spend our s ummer vacation this year.6. I have no ideahow I

4、can get to the railway station.7. I have no ideawhen he will be back.小結(jié)歸納that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)無詞義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，但通常不可以 省略，如句1;whether引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)意為 是否工通常不能用if來代替，如句2；連接代詞who, what等可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，如句 3, 4;連接副詞where, how, when等可以引導(dǎo)同位語從句，如句5,6,7。（三）that引導(dǎo)的同位語從句和定語從句意義不同：同位語從句用來進(jìn)一步說明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；而定語 從句用來修飾、限定前面的先行詞。試比較：1. The news

5、that our team has won the final match is encouraging.2. The news that you told us is really encouraging.分析句1中that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明“new朝內(nèi)容：我們隊(duì)取得 了決賽勝利。句2中that引導(dǎo)定語從句，對“new動口以限定：是你告 訴我們的，而非來自其他渠道。that的功能不同：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)是一個(gè)純連詞，不充當(dāng)任 何成分；而引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，不僅起連接作用，而且還指代先行詞并 在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語等成分。試比較：1. Dad made a promise that he

6、would buy me a CD player if I passed the English test.2. Dad made a promise that excited all his children.分析句1中that弓I導(dǎo)同位語從句，其中that無詞義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分；句2中that引導(dǎo)定語從句，that指代promise,又在從句中 充當(dāng)主語，且that可以用which替換?？煞袷÷裕簍hat在引導(dǎo)同位語從句時(shí)，通常不可省略。在引導(dǎo)定語 從句時(shí)，若在從句中作賓語，通常可以省略，若作主語則不可以省略。即學(xué)即用I.請用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空，使下列句子意思完整。1. They expres

7、sed the hope they would come over to China soon.2. The fact hedidn ' see Tom this morning is true.3. Word has come some American guests will come to our colle-ge for a visit next week.4. He can' answer the question he got the money from his homeyesterday.5. Do you have any idea is actually g

8、oing on in the classroom?6. The problem we should have the meeting in the hall now must be decided at once.II.下列各句中均有一處錯(cuò)誤，請改正。1. Our team has won the game, that made us very happy.2. I ' vcome with a message from Mr Wang how hewon' be able to see you this afternoon.3. He must answer the ques

9、tion if he agrees with what she said or not.4. I ' vread the book where you gave me the day before yesterday.5. One of the men held the pinion when what the book said was right.III .把下列句子翻譯成英語。1 .我向他許諾說我一到北京就給他寫信。2 .他經(jīng)常問我這個(gè)問題，那就是這個(gè)工作是否值得做。3 .他什么也不說，這一事實(shí)使大家都感到驚奇。4 .在我看來，他剛才告訴我的這個(gè)消息是真實(shí)的。5 .他突然想起他本

10、來應(yīng)該去接兒子的Key:I. 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. how 5. what6. whetherII. 1 that which2. how that 3. if whether4. wherethat/ which 或省略 where5. when- that 6. that howIII. 1. I made a promise that I would write to him as soon as I got to Beiji ng.2. He often asked me the question whether the work was worth doing.3. The fact that he had not said anything s