翻譯練習(xí)答案5（課堂PPT）

1、1復(fù)雜長(zhǎng)句翻譯實(shí)例 The method of scientific investigation is nothing but the expression of the necessary mode of working of the human mind; it is simply the mode by which all phenomena are reasoned about and given precise and exact explanation. 科學(xué)研究的方法不過是人類思維活動(dòng)的必要表達(dá)方式，也就是對(duì)一切現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行思索并給以精確而嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)解釋的表達(dá)方式。 There is no

2、 more difference，but there is just the same kind of difference，between the mental operations of a man of science and those of an ordinary person，as there is between the operations and methods of a baker or of a butcher weighing out his goods in common scales，and the operations of a chemist in perfor

3、ming a difficult and complex analysis by means of his balance and finely graded weights. 科學(xué)家的思維活動(dòng)與普通人的思維活動(dòng)之間的區(qū)別和面包商或賣肉者用普通磅秤稱貨的操作方法與化學(xué)家在進(jìn)行艱難而復(fù)雜的分析時(shí)用天平和精密刻度的砝碼的操作方法之間的區(qū)別是完全相同的，此外就沒有別的區(qū)別了。 2 It is not that the scales in the one case，and the balance in the other，differ in the principles of their constr

4、uction or manner of working; but that the latter is much finer apparatus and of course much more accurate in its measurement than the former. 這并不是說面包師或賣肉者所用的磅秤和化學(xué)家所用的天平在構(gòu)造原理和工作方式上存在差別，而是說與前者相比，后者是一種更精密得多的裝置，因而在計(jì)量上必然更準(zhǔn)確得多。 You will understand this better，perhaps，if I give you some familiar examples.

5、要是我給你舉幾個(gè)熟悉的例子，或許你會(huì)更清楚地理解這一點(diǎn)。 You have all heard it repeated that men of science work by means of induction（歸納法）and deduction，that by the help of these operations，they，in a sort of sense，manage to extract from Nature certain natural laws，and that out of these，by some special skill of their own，they b

6、uild up their theories. 你們多次聽說過，科學(xué)家是用歸納法和演繹法工作的，他們用這些方法，在某種意義上說，力求從自然界找出某些自然規(guī)律，然后他們根據(jù)這些規(guī)律，用自己的某種非同一般的本領(lǐng)，建立起他們的理論。3 And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes，and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. 許多人以為

7、，普通人的思維活動(dòng)根本無法與科學(xué)家的思維過程相比，認(rèn)為這些思維過程必須經(jīng)過某種專門訓(xùn)練才能掌握。 To hear all these large words，you would think that the mind of a man of science must be constituted differently from that of his fellow men; but if you will not be frightened by terms，you will discover that you are quite wrong，and that all these terri

8、ble apparatus are being used by yourselves every day and every hour of your lives. 聽了上面的夸張言詞后，你會(huì)以為，科學(xué)家的思維結(jié)構(gòu)與普通人的思維結(jié)構(gòu)大不相同;但是假如你沒有被這些言詞所嚇倒，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，你是完全錯(cuò)了;你還會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，所有這些令人望而生畏的機(jī)制|方法你自己每時(shí)每刻也在使用。 There is a well-known incident in one of Molieres plays，where the author makes the hero express unbounded delight on

9、 being told that he had been talking prose（散文）during the whole of his life. 在莫里哀的一個(gè)劇本中有這樣一個(gè)著名的插曲:作者讓主人公得知他在整個(gè)一生中一直在說散文后，表現(xiàn)出無限的喜悅。4 In the same way，I trust that you will take comfort，and be delighted with yourselves，on the discovery that you have been acting on the principles of inductive and deducti

10、ve philosophy during the same period. 同樣，我認(rèn)為，當(dāng)你一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)你在一生中一直在按歸納法和演繹法的哲理辦事時(shí)，你也會(huì)感到欣慰和陶醉。 Probably there is not one here who has not in the course of the day had occasion to set in motion a complex train of reasoning，of the very same kind，though differing in degree，as that which a scientific man goes th

11、rough in tracing the causes of natural phenomena. 大概這里不會(huì)有人一整天都沒有機(jī)會(huì)進(jìn)行一連串復(fù)雜的思考活動(dòng)，這些思考活動(dòng)與科學(xué)家在探索自然現(xiàn)象原因時(shí)所經(jīng)歷的思考活動(dòng)，盡管復(fù)雜程度不同，但在類型上是完全一樣的。5I. 定冠詞加可數(shù)名詞表抽象含義 1. He has nothing of the gentleman about him. 1他毫無紳士風(fēng)度。 2. Gradually the father came to his heart. 2. 慈父之心逐漸涌進(jìn)他的心中。 3. He forgot the judge in the father.

12、 3. 做父親的深情使他忘記了做法官的職責(zé)。 4. There is still much of the schoolboy in him. 4. 他身上還有許多小學(xué)生的氣質(zhì)。 5. He has nothing of the hero in his composition. 5. 他的性格中毫無英雄氣質(zhì)。 6. War can really bring out the brute in a man. 6. 戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)確實(shí)能使人暴露出獸性。 6 7. As I approve of a youth that has something of the old man in him, so I am n

13、o less pleased with an old man that has something of the young. 7. 我即贊賞老成持重的青年，也同樣贊賞保有青春朝氣的老人。 8. I cannot imagine how I had the gall to hand out all that instant advice. 8. 很難想象當(dāng)時(shí)我怎么就那樣大膽地立刻提出那么多的意見。 9. The practiced ear may recognize a classic flavor. 9.有音樂修養(yǎng)的人能夠聽出古典音樂的韻味。 10. Have you the nerve t

14、o do it? 10.你有勇氣干嗎？ 11. Better the foot slip than the tongue trip. 11.失足勝于失語。 12. I dont think Id have the face to ask for a holiday just at that time. 12. 我認(rèn)為當(dāng)時(shí)我不好意思請(qǐng)假。 13. He is now a man in the public eye. 13. 他現(xiàn)在是公眾矚目的人物。 7 14. How could you have the cheek to ask for more? 14. 你怎么有臉要得更多。 15. He

15、died in the flower and promise of youth. 15. 正當(dāng)年富力強(qiáng)大有前途時(shí)，他卻死了。 16. The plot has been nipped in the bud. 16. 陰謀被扼殺于萌芽狀態(tài)中。 17. Millions of poor people find it hard to keep the wolf form the door. 17. 千百萬的窮人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難擺脫饑餓的折磨。 18. Well, the cat is out of the bag, everybody knows about their marriage. 18. 這下好了

16、，泄密了，人人都知道他們的婚禮了。 19. Going away, are you? So you are showing the white feather. 19. 你要躲開，是嗎？那么你膽怯示弱了。 8 20. The pen is mightier than the sword. 20. 文勝于武。 21. He has given up the sword for the plough. 21. 他棄武從耕了（解甲歸田）（離開軍隊(duì)務(wù)農(nóng)去了）。 22. Humanity is the crown of creation. 22. 人類是天地萬物的主宰。 23. He is ambiti

17、ous of the crown. 23. 他覬覦王位。 24. He was called to the bar at thirty. 24. 他三十歲就取得律師資格。 25. What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave. 25. 幼小所學(xué)，終身不忘。9II. 副詞的種種譯法 1. The ad was understandably less than effective. 1. 可以理解，廣告收效甚微。 2. He routinely radioed another agent on the ground. 2. 他跟另一地勤

18、人員進(jìn)行了例行的無線電聯(lián)絡(luò)。 3. The risks involved in doing this are high, however, because good themes are often culturally oriented. 3. 然而這樣做的危險(xiǎn)很大，因?yàn)楹玫闹黝}常常是適應(yīng)文化的。 4. There is the seemingly loud and boisterous participation of spectators. 4. 從表面看來，它有喧鬧和興高采烈的觀眾的助威和喝彩。 5. Jim proudly insists on taking the conseque

19、nce of his cowardly action. 5. 吉姆自尊自重，堅(jiān)持要承擔(dān)自己懦弱行為所造成的惡果。 10 6. He sat there and watched them, so changelessly changing. 6. 他坐在那兒注視著，覺得眼前的景象即始終如一又變化萬千。 7. A grenade thrown from the tower burst harmlessly on the ground. 7. 炮樓里扔出了一顆手榴彈，在地上爆炸，但沒有傷著人。 8. I stated that the Chou Enlai demarche can not safe

20、ly be regarded as mere bluff. 8. 我曾說：“如果把周恩來的外交辭令僅僅看成是一種虛張聲勢(shì)，那就要犯錯(cuò)誤。 9. It is officially announced that the harmonious society is the prime function of our present government. 9. 官方宣布構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)是政府當(dāng)前的首要任務(wù)。 10. They seemed wonderfully far away. 10. 他們似乎遙遠(yuǎn)得令人吃驚。11 11. The president had prepared meticulousl

21、y for his journey. 11. 總統(tǒng)為這次出訪做了周密的準(zhǔn)備。 12. The subversion attempts proved predictably futile. 12. 不出所料，顛覆活動(dòng)證明毫無效果。 13. Many agreed that the Prime Minister had en effect resigned dishonorably. 13. 許多人認(rèn)為首相辭職實(shí)際上很丟面子。 14. The wretched run-down rail services of America are something I try, vainly, to for

22、get. 14. 美國(guó)鐵路交通的糟糕與破落是一件我想盡力忘卻的事，可這是徒勞。 15. People are literally choking to death in their exhaust fumes 15. 毫不夸張地說，人們正將被自己汽車排放出的尾氣嗆死。12III. 特殊介詞的譯法 1. Jack is between jobs. 1.杰克現(xiàn)在失業(yè)了 2. Something between rain and snow was falling. 2.天上正飄著些似雪似雨的東西 3. We did not have two dollars between us. 3. 我們湊不出兩

23、美元 4. They had four hours in New York between trains. 4. 他們換車時(shí)在紐約呆了四個(gè)小時(shí) 5. Between them, the passengers managed to push the bus to the side of the road. 5. 乘客們齊心協(xié)力把車推到了路邊 6. Between the whisky, the atmosphere and crowd, she felt ready to faint. 6.由于喝了點(diǎn)威士忌，加上當(dāng)時(shí)的氣氛和擁擠的人群，她感到快要昏過去了 7. Between astonishm

24、ent and joy, she was unable to utter a word. 7. 又驚又喜，她一句話也說不出來13IV. 介詞表原因 1. After the way he treated me, I never want to see him again. 1. 他那樣對(duì)待我，我決不再見他了 2. I have called to see you at the request of a friend. 2.我來看你是處于友誼 3. I took his pen by mistake. 3. 我誤拿了他的鋼筆 4. By mere negligence he had seriou

25、sly wounded her feelings. 4. 純屬疏忽，他深深地傷了她的感情 5. He cried in pain. 5. 他疼得叫了起來 6. Mary rejoiced in her recovery. 6. 瑪麗因痊愈而感到欣喜14 7. Its no use crying over split milk. 7. 后悔無用 8. She grieved over his death. 8. 他死了她很傷心 9. He lost him job through his own stupidity. 9. 由于犯傻他丟了工作 10. The war was lost throu

26、gh bad organization. 10. 運(yùn)籌不當(dāng)輸了戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng) 11. When he heard this, he went purple with rage. 11. 聽到這點(diǎn)他氣得面色發(fā)紫 12. You must do your best in view of the importance. 12. 因?yàn)橹匾惚仨毐M全力 13. He did it out of gratitude for us. 13. 他那樣做是出于對(duì)我們的感激15V. 形容詞詞義選擇示范例子 1. He is a slow student. 1. 他是一個(gè)動(dòng)作遲緩的學(xué)生。 2. He is slow of u

27、nderstanding. 2. 他理解力較差。 3. He is so slow that I have to explain everything several times. 3. 他太遲鈍，所有的事我都得解釋好幾遍。 4. Be slow to promise but quick to practice. 4. 不要輕易許諾，但一旦許諾要盡快實(shí)踐。 5. Business was rather slow last month. 5. 上個(gè)月生意不太景氣。16 6. He is slow at speech with women yet. 6. 跟女人說話，他還有點(diǎn)笨嘴拙舌。 7. Sl

28、ow and steady wins the race. 7. 沉著穩(wěn)健者勝。 8. Youd better go slow in reaching a conclusion. 8. 你最好不要急于下結(jié)論。 9. The book is rather slow. 9. 這本書很乏味（不精彩）。 10. slow season, slow time, a slow starter, 10. 淡季，（與夏季時(shí)間相對(duì)的）標(biāo)準(zhǔn)時(shí)間，（拳擊中）開始采取守勢(shì)而后猛攻的選手 11. 慢性病，慢班，慢件 11. chronic disease，adjustments，regular freight17VI.

29、deep 的特殊意義 1. People stood five deep in front of the store. 1. 人們把那家鋪?zhàn)訃藗€(gè)里三層外三層 2. He is a deep man. 2. 他是個(gè)高深莫測(cè)的人 3. Cars parked five deep in the drive. 3. 車道里停了五排汽車 4. a deep breath, in deep thought, 4. 深呼吸，深思（但英語不說think deeply）， deep learning, deep feeling, 深?yuàn)W的學(xué)問，深厚的感情， the deeper causes, deep red

30、, 更深一層的原因，深紅， deep secret, a deep drinker, 深藏的秘密，酒量極大的人， deep ecology, a deep plot, deep dealings, 廣義生態(tài)學(xué)，狡猾的陰謀，不正當(dāng)?shù)慕灰住?8VII.特殊連詞 1. It is necessary the way we should be ready to follow others advice. 1. 我們有必要隨時(shí)聽從別人的忠告 2. It was pitiful the way he failed in the entrance examination of college. 2. 可惜他沒有通過大學(xué)入學(xué)測(cè)試 3. You cant guess the way I miss you. 3. 你想不到我多么想念你 4. We dont realize the way we depend on the gravity. 4. 我們意識(shí)不到我們極其依賴地心引力