完整版主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原則

1、主謂一致和就近就遠(yuǎn)原那么就近一致原那么也稱 鄰近原那么就近一致原那么,即：謂語與靠近的名詞、代詞(有 時(shí)不一定是主語)在入稱、人數(shù)上一致.一、在正式文體中：1. 由以下詞語連接的并列主語：“there be+句型；oreither.or;nor;neither.nor;whether.or;not.but;not only.but also 等.Eg.(1) What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行為或言談與我無關(guān).(2) Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都沒錯(cuò).(3) Not you but your

2、 father is to blame.不是你,而是你的父親該受責(zé)備.(4) Not only you but (also) he is wrong.不僅你錯(cuò)了,他也錯(cuò)了.2. 在倒裝句中,謂語可與后面第一個(gè)主語一致.Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people.在遠(yuǎn)處,能聽見鼓掌和人們的呼喊聲.(2) There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支鋼筆和幾本書.非正式文體中：有時(shí)依 就近和 意義一致的原那么；但語法

3、上,“noone才是主語,謂語要改成“agrees寫作中一般要依 語法一致原那么.總結(jié)：英語就近原那么短語1. There be句型 There is a book and some pencils on the desk.=There are some pencils and a book on the desk.2. Neither.nor.Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right.3. either.or.Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=

4、Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday.4. not only.but also.Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Not only Ann ' s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.就遠(yuǎn)原那么謂語動(dòng)詞與前面主語一致代表詞匯: as well as;(together/along)with;Ratherthan;except;besides;but;including;

5、in addition to;apart from例子： He rather than I is right.Nobody but two students is in the classroom.主謂一致一、當(dāng)主語后面與 with,as well as,but,except,like,rather than,no less than,besides,including等+名詞或代詞連用時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與第一 個(gè)主語保持一致.1. The teacher,with 6 girls and 8 boys of her class,visiting a museum when the earthqua

6、ke struck.A. was B.were C.had been D.would be2. A library with five thousand books to the nation as a gift.A.is offeredB.has offeredC.are offeredD.have offered3. E-mail,as well as telephone,an important part in daily communication.A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play4. Nobody but Jane the

7、 secret.A.know B.knows C.have known D.is known5. All but one here just now.A.is B.was C.has been D.were二、當(dāng) either.or.;neither.nor.;not only.but also.等連接并歹!J主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞與靠近它的主語保持一致.6. Either you or the headmasterthe prizes to these gifted students at themeeting.A.was handing outB. are to hand outC. are h

8、anding outD. is to hand out7. Not only I but also Jane and Mary tired of having one examination after another.A.is B.are C.amD.be三、當(dāng)“the only one of+數(shù)名詞+定語從句,且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句 中作主語時(shí),定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式,當(dāng)“one of復(fù)數(shù)名詞+ 定語從句,且關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí),定語從句的謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.8. He is the only one of the students who a winner of schola

9、rship forthree years.A.is B.are C.have been D.has been9.She is one of the few girls who in the kindergarten.A.is well paidB.are well paidC.is paying well D.are paying well四、當(dāng)news,means,maths,plastics,physic笄在形式上是復(fù)數(shù)概念,而在意義上是單數(shù)概念的名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式.10.Every possible means to prevent the pollution,but th

10、e sky is still notclear.A.is used B.are used C.has been used D.have been used五、當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)百分?jǐn)?shù)+of+名詞作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于of后面名詞的數(shù).11.of the land in that distrcit covered with trees and glass.A.Two fifth;isB.Two fifth;areC.Two fifths;isD.Two fifths;are六、the number of.的數(shù)目短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；當(dāng)a number of.脩多.短語作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式.12. The number of people invited fifty,but a number of them absentfor different reasons.A.were;was B.was;was C.w