蘇州市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷分類匯編閱讀理解(含答案)

1、蘇州市高考英語(yǔ)一模試卷分類匯編閱讀理解 （含答案 ）一、高中英語(yǔ)閱讀理解1 假定你是李華, 收到英國(guó)筆友George 的郵件 ,請(qǐng)你介紹中國(guó)家庭聚會(huì)的情況（飲食、時(shí)間、活動(dòng)等）。請(qǐng)給他寫一封郵件。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2 .可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dear George,Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear George,Knowing that you're interested in what our Chinese family gatherings are like, I'm glad to introduce some of my experience

2、with you.We Chinese like to get together with our family very much, especially on important days such as festivals and birthdays. Most of the time, we bring gifts to the elders and the kids. Eating is one of the most necessary part of the gathering, which is usually prepared by family members togeth

3、er. Not only is the various food delicious but the time we spend making and enjoying it together is enjoyable. Adults chatting and children playing around, this is the typical scene of a happy family gathering.Hope one day you can come and experience by yourself!Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本題是一篇英文信件，要求考生以李華

4、的身份給英國(guó)筆友George 寫一封郵件，介紹中國(guó)家庭聚會(huì)的情況（飲食、時(shí)間、活動(dòng)等）?？忌J(rèn)真閱讀提示，列出提綱和要點(diǎn)，并以此為基礎(chǔ)充分發(fā)揮自己的想象力，靈活運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)知識(shí)，采用不同的表達(dá)方式將各要點(diǎn)完整地表述出來(lái)。寫作時(shí)注意時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)的合理運(yùn)用，主次分明，同時(shí)應(yīng)選用合適的連接詞或過(guò)渡詞，適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本書面表達(dá)要點(diǎn)齊全，上下文連貫，使用一定數(shù)量的句式結(jié)構(gòu)，讓句子更加生動(dòng)豐滿，同時(shí)運(yùn)用了許多高級(jí)詞匯和固定短語(yǔ)，提高文章的檔次，體現(xiàn)了對(duì)英語(yǔ)的熟練的駕馭能力。例如：Knowing that you're interested in what our Chinese

5、family gatherings are like,I'm glad to introduce some of my experience with you. 運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞作原因狀語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)從句； Eating is one of the most necessary part of the gathering, which is usually prepared by family members together. 運(yùn)用了非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；Not only is the various food delicious butthe time we spend making and

6、enjoying it together is enjoyable. 運(yùn)用了倒裝句，并列句和限制性定語(yǔ)從句；Hope one day you can come and experience by yourself! 運(yùn)用了祈使句和并列句。2 （ 2019?北京）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、 B、 C、 D 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。By the end of the century, if not sooner, the world's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to

7、 a new study.At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms (海洋微生物)called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms, these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentra

8、tion of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas, while reducing it in other spots, leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface, where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳)into theocean while giving off oxygen. When thes

9、e organisms die, they bury carbon in the deep ocean, an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunli

10、ght and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients.Stephanie Dutkiewicz, a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science, built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3 C , it found that multiple changes to the colour of the

11、oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters, such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener. "Not only are the quantities of phytopl

12、ankton in the ocean changing." she said, "but the type of phytoplankton is changing."(1) What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?A. The various patterns at the ocean surface.B. The cause of the changes in ocean colour.C. The way light reflects off marine organisms.D. The effort

13、s to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.(2) What does the underlined word "vulnerable" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. SensitiveB. BeneficialC. SignificantD. Unnoticeable(3) What can we learn from the passage?A. Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.B. Dutkiewicz's

14、model aims to project phytoplankton changesC. Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate D. Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.(4) What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To assess the consequences of ocean colour changesB. To analyse the composition of the ocean food c

15、hainC. To explain the effects of climate change on oceans D. To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton 【答案】(1) B A 3） D 4） 4） C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)最新研究表明，由于氣候變暖，世界海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。這一現(xiàn)象是因?yàn)橐环N叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物，因?yàn)楣饩€反射的作用，它們?cè)诤Ｑ蟊砻嫘纬闪宋孱伭膱D案。但是浮游植物很容易受到海洋變暖趨勢(shì)的影響，氣候變暖會(huì)改變海洋的主要特征，并影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)。（ 1）段落大意題。第一段“ By th

16、e end of the century. If not sooner, the world's oceans will bebluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study. 可知，到本世紀(jì)末，”一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上的海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。再根據(jù)第二段中的“ Atthe heart phenomenon lie tiny marine microorgan isms calledphytoplankton. Becaust of the way light

17、 reflects off the organisms ,these phytoplanktons create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue, depending on the type and concentration 可知，這種現(xiàn)象的核心是一種叫做浮游植物的微小海洋微生物， ”在光線的作用下在海洋表面形成了五顏六色的圖案。海洋的顏色從綠色到藍(lán)色不等，這取決于海洋的類型和浮游植物濃度。由此可推斷出這兩段主要敘述了海洋生物是海洋顏色變化的原因。故選B。（ 2）詞

18、義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中的“ Warmingchanges key characteristics of the ocean andcan affect phytoplankton growth, since they need not only sunshine and carbon dioxide to grow, but also nutrients. 可知，氣候變暖會(huì)改變海洋的主要特征，并會(huì)影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)。由 ”此可判斷“ But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's wamning trend 可知，浮游植物很 ”容易受到海

19、洋變暖趨勢(shì)的影響。故選A。（ 3）推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“ Themodel projects that currently blue areas withlittle phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters ,such as those of the Arctic, a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton, and these areas will turn greener 可知 Dutkiewicz 的模型預(yù)測(cè)，目前只有少量浮游植物的藍(lán)色區(qū)域

20、可能會(huì)變得更藍(lán)。但是在一些水域，比如北極，氣候變暖會(huì)使浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，而這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了 ”。由此可推斷，浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)條件更加成熟，浮游動(dòng)植物就更多了，這些水域會(huì)變得更綠了。故選D。（ 4）主旨大意題。第一段提出文章的主旨“ Bythe end of the century. If not sooner, theworld's oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate, according to a new study.可知到本世紀(jì)末。一項(xiàng)新的研究表明，由于氣候變暖，如果不盡快的話，世界上

21、的海洋將會(huì)變得更藍(lán)、更綠。再結(jié)合第三段“ Butphytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warningtrendWarming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,可知， “浮游植物很容易受到海洋警告趨勢(shì)的影響，變暖改變了海洋的關(guān)鍵特征，并能影響浮游植物的生長(zhǎng)”?？芍疚闹饕忉寶夂蜃兓瘜?duì)海洋及其植物的影響。故選C?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)，段落大意和主旨大意四個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)

22、節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。3 （ 2019?天津）閱讀理解Would you BET on the future of this man ? He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by h

23、eaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote （堂吉訶德）.And the storyposes an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality an

24、d creativity to the end of their days, while others go to seed long before ?We've all known people who run out of steam before they reach life's halfway mark. I'm not talking about those who fail to get to the top. We can't all get there. I'm talking about people who have stopped

25、 learning on growing because they have adopted the fixed attitudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years.Most of us, in fact, progressively narrow the variety of our lives. We succeed in our field of specialization and then become trapped in it. Nothing surprises us. We lose our se

26、nse of wonder. But, if we are willing to lean, the opportunities are everywhere.The things we learn in maturity seldom involve information and skills. We learn to bear with the things we can't change. We learn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never

27、 going to love us-an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing.With high motivation and enthusiasm, we can keep on learning. Then we will know how important it is to have meaning in our life. However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a commitment to something larger than our

28、own little egos （自我）,whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.Many of us equate （視等同于） "commitment" with such "caring" occupations as teachingand nursing. But doing any ordinary job as well as one can is in itself an admirable commitment. People

29、who work toward such excellence whether they are driving a truck, or running a storemake the world better just by being the kind of people they are. They've learned life's most valuable lesson.11） The passage starts with the story of Cervantes to show that.A. loss of freedom stimulates one&#

30、39;s creativityB. age is not a barrier to achieving one's goalC. misery inspires a man to fight against his fateD. disability cannot stop a man's pursuit of success（2） What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 probably mean ?A. End one's struggle for liberty.B. Waste one's energy

31、taking risks.C. Miss the opportunity to succeed.D. Lose the interest to continue learning.（3） What could be inferred from Paragraph 4?A. Those who dare to try often get themselves trapped.B. Those who tend to think back can hardly go ahead.C. Opportunity favors those with a curious mind.D. Opportuni

32、ty awaits those with a cautious mind.（ 4） What does the author intend to tell us in Paragraph 5?A. A tough man can tolerate suffering.B. A wise man can live without self-pity.C. A man should try to satisfy people around him.D. A man should learn suitable ways to deal with life.（ 5） What is the autho

33、r's purpose in writing the passage?A. To provide guidance on leading a meaningful adult life.B. To stress the need of shouldering responsibilities at work.C. To state the importance of generating motivation for learning.D. To suggest a way of pursuing excellence in our lifelong career.【答案】（ 1 ）

34、B（ 2） D（ 3） C（ 4） D（ 5） A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇議論文，講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義。（ 1 ）考查推理判斷。第一段講述塞萬(wàn)提斯一生不幸，負(fù)債累累，因?yàn)閼?zhàn)爭(zhēng)受傷左手殘疾，同時(shí)還身陷囹圄，在53 歲的時(shí)候決定寫書，最終寫出成名作唐吉柯德，根據(jù)后文可知，所有的困境都沒(méi)有阻擋他的成功，年齡也是如此，故選B。（ 2）考查詞義猜測(cè)。根據(jù)第三段中的“ I'm talking about people who have stopped learning ongrowing because they have adopted the fixed att

35、itudes and opinions that all too often come with passing years. 可知，作者談?wù)摰牟皇悄切](méi)有到達(dá)巔峰的人，而是談?wù)撃切┎辉賹W(xué)習(xí)成長(zhǎng) ”的人，故可知run out of steam 可知，停止學(xué)習(xí)，故選D。（ 3）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“ we lose the sense of wonder. But, if we are willing tolearn, the opportunities are everywhere. 可知，我們失去了好奇感，但是如果我們?cè)敢鈱W(xué) ”習(xí)，機(jī)會(huì)無(wú)處不在，故可知，機(jī)會(huì)總是留給那些好奇心的人，故

36、選C。（ 4）考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段中的“ We learn to bear with the thi ngs we can't change. Welearn to avoid self-pity. We learn that however much we try to please, some people are never going to love us an idea that troubles at first but is eventually relaxing. 可知，我們學(xué)會(huì)承受那”些無(wú)法改變的事情，學(xué)會(huì)避免自憐，也學(xué)會(huì)了無(wú)論我們?cè)趺慈ト倓e人，有些人是無(wú)法喜歡

37、我們的，這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)起初讓我們苦惱，但是之后會(huì)讓我們釋懷，故可知，本段作者告訴我們要學(xué)會(huì)使用恰當(dāng)?shù)姆绞絹?lái)對(duì)待生活，故選D。（ 5）考查主旨大意。本文講述要成功，就需要不斷的學(xué)習(xí)，這樣的生活才會(huì)有意義，故本文作者的目的是為了指導(dǎo)我們過(guò)一個(gè)有意義的成年人生活，故選A?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測(cè)和主旨大意三個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇教育類閱讀，要求考生根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。4 閱讀理解City trees grow faster and die younger than trees in rural forestry, a new study find

38、s. Over their lifetimes, then, urban trees will likely absorb less CO 2 from the air thah forest trees.As we all know, the earth would be freezing or burning hot without CC2. However, CO2 is a greenhouse gas, meaning it traps energy from the sun as/heat. That makes temperatures near the ground rise.

39、 Human activities, especially the widespread burning-of fossil(化石)fuels, have been sending extra greenhouse gases into the air. This has led to a rise in average temperatures across the globe.Studies had shown forests readily absorb CO 2, but there hadn't been much data on whether city trees gro

40、w, die and absorb CC2 at the same rate as forest trees do. So some researchers decided to find out.To figure out how quickly trees were growing, researchers tracked their diameters (the width of their trunks) between 2005 and 2014. A tree's diameter increases as it grows, just as a person's

41、waist size increases as they gain weight. About half the weight of a tree is carbon, research has shown. Most of the rest is water. Over the nine years' tracking, the researchers found city trees absorbed four times as much carbon from the air as forest trees. However, they were twice as likely

42、to die. So over the lifetime of each type of tree, forest trees actually absorbed more CO 2.City trees grew faster because they had less competition for light from their neighbors. In a forest, trees tend to grow close together, shading their neighbors. Street trees also benefit from higher levels o

43、f nitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gasburning cars also contain nitrogen, thus enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground. Some street trees may also have better access to water than trees in the country because the unde

44、rground water pipes can leak.(1) What can he known about CO 2 from paragraph 2?A. It is one of the side effects of greenhouses.B. It greatly accelerates the process of global warming.C. It results from the widespread burning of fossil fuels.D. It prevents the earth from becoming unsuitable to live o

45、n.(2) Why did researchers track the diameters of trees?A. To know about their growth rates.B. To find out how much they weigh.C. To check whether they were healthy. D. To assess the carbon amounts in them.(3) What advantage do city trees have over forest trees?A. They are more likely to access growt

46、h promoters.B. They can enjoy more water coming from the air.C. They can enjoy more shade from neighbors.D. They are better at competing for light.(4) What will probably be talked about if the passage is continued?A. How urban trees can live longer.B. Why city living makes trees die young.C. How tre

47、es respond to dry soil conditions. D. Why faster-growing trees absorb more CO 2. 【答案】(1) DA(3) A(4) B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，一項(xiàng)新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：與長(zhǎng)在森林中的樹(shù)木相比，城市里的樹(shù)木長(zhǎng)得更快，但死得更早。(1)考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的"theearth would be freezing or burning hot withoutCO2.可知，如果沒(méi)有二氧化碳，地球?qū)?huì)極冷或極熱?？梢酝茢?，二氧化碳可以防止地球 變得不適合居住。故選Do(2)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段中的&

48、quot;ToRgure on how quickly trees were growing,researchers tracked their diameters.可知，研究人員監(jiān)測(cè)樹(shù)木的直徑是為了了解樹(shù)木的生長(zhǎng) 速度。故選A。(3)考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Streettrees also benefit from higher levels ofnitrogen (氮)in rainwater. Nitrogen helps plants grow. Waste gases from gas-burning cars also contain nitrogen, thus

49、 enriching city air with nitrogen. Later, rainwater may wash much of it to the ground.與知，與生長(zhǎng)在森林中的樹(shù)木相比，城市里的樹(shù)木長(zhǎng)得更快是因?yàn)樗鼈儫o(wú)需與 鄰近的樹(shù)木爭(zhēng)奪光照，也能得到更多的氮量，還更容易得到水。光、氮和水都可以促進(jìn)樹(shù) 木的生長(zhǎng)。由此可以推斷，城市里的樹(shù)木比森林中的樹(shù)木更可能獲得生長(zhǎng)促進(jìn)劑。故選A。(4)考查推理判斷。文章首句就提到了一項(xiàng)新的研究結(jié)果：城市里的樹(shù)木比森林中的樹(shù) 木長(zhǎng)得更快，但死得更早；文章第三段說(shuō)到以前有研究表明森林會(huì)吸收二氧化碳，但是城市里的樹(shù)木的生長(zhǎng)、死亡和吸收二氧化碳的速

50、度是否跟森林中的樹(shù)木一樣，這方面的數(shù)據(jù) 不多。因此一些研究人員決定弄清楚”；文章第四段再次介紹了他們的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：城市里的樹(shù)木比森林中的樹(shù)木長(zhǎng)得更快，但死得更早；文章最后一段介紹了城市里的樹(shù)木比森林中 的樹(shù)木生長(zhǎng)得更快的幾個(gè)原因。由此可以推斷，文章接下來(lái)很可能就要介紹城市里的樹(shù)木 死得更早的原因。故選Bo【點(diǎn)評(píng)】本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩個(gè)題型的考查，是一篇科研類閱讀，考生需 要準(zhǔn)確捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息，并根據(jù)上下文進(jìn)行邏輯推理，從而選出正確答案。(5) 讀理解A great number of species make their home in the vast waters of the A

51、tlantic Ocean. Although the entire ocean makes up an ecosystem, many smaller habitats are found within, including an open-water habitat off the coast of the Northern Atlantic Ocean known as the Sargasso Sea. Sargassum is an alga(海藻)that floats in masses that can continue for miles. The waters of the

52、 Gulf Stream push the water in a northward move into this area. This constant move and varying temperature support the accumulation of the brown-colored seaweed.The Sargasso Sea is so enormous that one method of information collection has not been enough for scientists to obtain an accurate picture

53、of what takes place within this ecosystem. Researchers have needed to employ several methods of sampling. Methods such as dragging nets over the surface of the water and videotaping beneath areas of sargassum have served scientists well. Information collected has shown that the Gulf Stream pushes br

54、own algae from open water into the Sargasso Sea area, creating a diverse floating habitat in an area that would otherwise not support that wildlife.In the most recent study of the sargassum community off the shores of North Carolina, eighty- one fish species were documented as using the area as a mi

55、crohabitat. This is an increase from previous studies. The types of fish found here are both commercially and environmentally important. The South Atlantic Fishery Management Council is working to regulate the harvesting of sargassum. The Council hopes to have the area classified as an Essential Fis

56、h Habitat. Which would afford it certain protections.Further research needs to be done before scientists understand how to best protect the Sargasso Sea as well as understand how it goes about supporting so many important types of wildlife.11) The author uses "enormous" in paragraph 2 to s

57、tress that A. the Atlantic Ocean is really amazing in terms of its size and areaB. what the researchers do is highly respected by scientific communityC. the research work is complex because a large area must be coveredD. a large amount of money for the Sargasso Sea research is needed(2) It can be in

58、ferred from the phrase "needed to be done" in paragraph 4 that the author thinks.A.the Sargasso ecosystem is worth our attention and needs more studyB.the scientific community has ignored this complex ecosystemC.the Sargasso Sea is becoming a problem and needs removingD.new methods for res

59、earching the ecosystem must be found instantly(3) The text is mainly about .A.diversity of wildlife in the Atlantic OceanB.different habitats of sea animalsC.methods of information collectionD.the Sargasso Sea as an entire ecosystem【答案】(1) CA(4) D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了馬尾藻海這個(gè)完整的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，非常巨大以 至于一種信息收集方法不足以讓科學(xué)家準(zhǔn)確了解這個(gè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中發(fā)生的情況，這里發(fā)現(xiàn)的 魚類種類在商業(yè)和環(huán)境上都很重要。南大西洋漁業(yè)管理委員會(huì)正在努力管制馬尾藻海的捕 撈。這將為馬尾藻海提供一