2015整理被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(附答案)

1、初中被動(dòng)語態(tài)講解及配套練習(xí)一、 主動(dòng)語態(tài)與被動(dòng)語態(tài)的概念：注：及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。例： We listen to the teacher carefully in class.主謂賓The teacheris listened toby uscarefully in class.主謂介詞短語 elaughed athim .Hewas laughed atby us.二：注：我們初中主要掌握前面四種的用法時(shí) 態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式例一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)is doneHe is asked to do this.一般過去時(shí)was doneThe story was tol

2、d by her mother.一般將來時(shí)will be doneThe problem will be discussed tomorrow.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)is being doneThe novel is being written.過去進(jìn)行時(shí)was being doneAt that time the desk was being made.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has been doneThe house has been built.過去完成時(shí)had been doneThey said that their work had been finished.過去將來時(shí)would be doneHe s

3、aid the trees would be planted soon.三、 被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種句型：、 he song is liked by young people. 肯(定句 )、 he song isnt liked by young people（否定句）、 Is the song liked by young people ?（一般疑問句）、 Who is the song liked by ?=By whom is the song liked? （特殊疑問句）四、 主動(dòng)語態(tài)改被動(dòng)語態(tài)的方法：方法分為三步：把原句中的賓語改成主語動(dòng)詞改為變動(dòng)形式 be done(同時(shí)注意時(shí)態(tài) ) 原

4、來的主語如果需要的話放在介詞 by 后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果沒有必要?jiǎng)t省去例： The man killed a tiger. A tiger was killed by the man .(改的過程中要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)兩個(gè)方面)五、 特殊句型的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：1 含有使役動(dòng)詞（make /let /have）或感官動(dòng)詞（hear ,see, listen to ,look at ,find ,watch,feel等）的句子，在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中這些詞后 常跟不帶 to 的動(dòng)詞不定式 ，但是在改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí) ，則一定要把省去的 to 再加上去 ，另外 help 這一個(gè)詞在主動(dòng)語態(tài)中后面的動(dòng)詞不定式可以帶

5、 to,也可不帶 to, 但在被動(dòng)語態(tài) 中也必須把 to 加上去 。例： Mother often makesme do some housework.I am often made to do some housework by mother.We saw him run into the classroom.He was seen torun into the classroom by us.帶省 to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：動(dòng)詞+ sb + do sth .口訣：感使動(dòng)詞真叫怪， to 來 to 去記心懷，主動(dòng)語態(tài) to 離去，被動(dòng)語態(tài) to回來。動(dòng)詞： make / let /ha

6、ve /see /hear /feel /watchmake sb do sth -sb + be +made to+ do sthThe boss made the workers work all dayThe workers _ _ _ work all day by the boss.2 .帶雙賓語的被動(dòng)語態(tài)： teach ,give ,pass ,show ,buy, tell例： he gave me a pen.= She gave a pen to me.1.I was given a pen by her.2.A pen was given to me by her.My f

7、ather bought me a new bike.= My father bought a new bike for me.e6a24-Bulleted_ee0ac364-a60a-493e-8650-e2a42a812af7- I was bought a new bike bymy father.e6a24-Bulleted_ee0ac364-a60a-493e-8650-e2a42a812af7- A new bike was bought forme by my father.動(dòng)詞 + sb(間賓 ) +sth(直賓 )口訣：如遇雙賓語，一般變間賓，若把直賓變，to /for 間賓

8、連。1).give / pass / show 與介詞 to 搭配。give sb sth sb +be given sth 或 sth +be given +to sb .2).buy / make / cook 與介詞 for 搭配。buy sb sth sb +be bought + sth 或 sth +be bought +for sbHe gave me a bookI _ _ a book by him.A book _ _ _ me by him .My mother made me a cake .I _ _ a cake by my motherA cake _ _ _ m

9、e by my mother .戀 愀攀 攙昀攙攙攙挀 一甀洀戀攀爀攀攙開 攀戀攙 挀 攀昀挀愀挀挀攀 一甀洀戀攀爀攀攙開愀昀戀 76677904337 戀挀 愀攀不及物動(dòng)詞（ vi ）+介詞 /副詞賓語的句子改成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，介詞或副詞不能丟掉。例： e should speak to old people politely.Old people should be spoken to politely ( by us).He took away the box.The box was taken away by him.4. see /hear /notice /keep +sb +doin

10、g sth 句型中變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)doing 不變。I heard Tom singing just nowTom _ _ _ by me just now .5.以動(dòng)詞短語作謂語的主動(dòng)語態(tài)變被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，不可丟掉后面的介詞或副詞。We should take care of the old . The old should _ _ _ _ .有些詞組沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)：sell well , write well ,ride well ,drive well wash well六、 沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：1. 沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)的詞 ，表示狀態(tài)或特征的及物動(dòng)詞如cost, fit, have, suit 等沒有

11、被動(dòng)形式，另外，諸如happen = take place, break out(爆發(fā) )，break down(壞了 ) 等不及物動(dòng)詞或短語以及諸如 result from(緣于 )，belong to, consist of 等只用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，而不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)不及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語無被動(dòng)語態(tài): appear,die ,disappear, end (vi. 結(jié)束 ), fail, last, lie,remain, sit, spread（傳播） , stand, come true, fall asleep, .大多數(shù)系動(dòng)詞： be , feel (摸起來 )，sound(聽起來 )，look

12、( 看起來 )，smell(聞起來 ) taste（嘗起來） 等詞無被動(dòng)語態(tài)，它們的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例： he skirt feels very soft. 這件裙子摸起來很柔軟。Many changes have happened in our hometown.The film lasted for 3 hours.一、單項(xiàng)選擇：() 1. English _ in Canada.A.speaks B.are spokenC. is speakingD. is spoken() 2. This English song_ by the girls after class.A. oft

13、ensingsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung() 3. This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makesB. madeC. is makingD. is made() 4. New computers _ all over theworld.A. is usedB. are usingC. are usedD. have used() 5. Our room must _ clean.A. keepB. be keptC. to be keptD. to keep() 6. A new house _ at t

14、he corner of the road.A. isbuildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building() 7. Doctors _ in every part of theworld.A. needB. are needingC. are neededD. will need() 8. Japanese _ in every country.A. is notspokenB. are spokenC. is speakingD. is not speaking() 9. Thesepapers_yet.A. have notwritte

15、nB. have not beenwrittenC. has notwrittenD. has not beenwritten() 10. The sports meeting _ be held until next week.A. didntB. wontC. isntD. doesnt() 11. _ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. DoesB. HasC. IsD. Are() 12. _ these desks be needed?A. WillB. AreC. HasD. Do() 13. Why _ to talk

16、about ityesterday?A. didnt a meeting holdB. wasnt a meetingheldC. wasnt held a meetingD. a meeting wasntheld() 14. Who was the book_?A. writeB. wroteC. writtenD. written by() 15. Where _ these boxes made?A. wasB. wereC. isD. am() 16. The flowers_often.A. must bewaterB. must be watered C. must watere

17、dD. must water() 17. The books may_ for twoweeks.A. be keptB. be borrowedC. keepD. borrow() 18. The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to doB. doC. didD. done() 19. The boy_ streets without paying in the old days.A. was made to clean B. madecleanC. made to cleanD. was made clean() 20. These children_

18、dance.A. wereseen toB. were seen forC. were seenD. saw to() 21. Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. tookplaceB. have taken place C. were taking placeD. had taken place() 22. Great changes_in our country during the past 20years.A. havehappenedB. happenedC. have beenhappened D. werehappen

19、ed() 23. Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is brokenB. is breakingC. brokeD. broken() 24. The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are writtenB. were writtenC. are writingD. were writing() 25. What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closedB. does; closeC. is; closedD. /; close() 26. T

20、he apple_very sweet.A. is tastedB. tasteC. tastesD. are tasting() 27. You_ more beautiful in the light blue shirt.A. seeB. watchC. lookD. look at() 28.How dirty the tables are! They need_.A. to cleanB. cleanC. cleaningD. cleaned() 29. The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mendB. can mendedC. can

21、be mendD. can be mended() 30. The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuiltB. will rebuiltC. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt() 31. The play _ at the theatre next Sunday.A. is going to be shown B. will shownC. will showD. is shown() 32. Now these magazines_ in the

22、 library for a long time.A. have keptB. are keepingC. have been keeping D. have been kept() 33. Tea _ in the south of China.A. growsB. is grownC. were grownD. will grow() 34. Wet clothes are often _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hangB. hangedC. hangingD. hung() 35. The river smells terrible. Pe

23、ople must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throwB. be stopped from throwingC. stop to throwD. stop from throwing() 36. Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak toB. spokenC. speakD. spoken to() 37. Old people must _.A. look after wellB. be looked well afterC. looked well a

24、fterD. be looked after well() 38. Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. calledB. was askedC. toldD. was said() 39. I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gaveB. was givingC. had givenD. was given() 40. Really ?Jimthe monitor?A. Did, choose to beB. Was, chosen to beC.

25、Has, chosen to beD. Were, chosen to be()1. One or two man-made satellites _ in our country every year.A. have been sent upB. will be sent up C. is sent upD. are sent up()2. Our TV set _yesterday.A. isrepairedB. wasrepairedC. had been repairedD. would be repaired()3. A new building _ in our school ne

26、xtyear.A. will bebuiltB. isbuiltC. is being builtD. has been built()4. Many books on science _ since I went to college.A. wereboughtB. have been boughtC, will be boughtD. are bought()5. A wonderful English talk _ by Mr Liu tomorrow.A. has beengivenB. isgivenC. is being givenD. will be given()6. How

27、_ the Great Pyramid ()_ many years ago without modernmachines.A. is builtB. would be builtC. have been builtD. was built() Food and clothes _ bywomen.A is often talkaboutB. are often talkedC. are oftentalked aboutD. often talked about()8. _ the work_ yet ?A. is finishedB. Will be finishedC.Has been

28、finishedD. Would be finished()9.Such films _ by children like you.A. must be notseenB. must not be seeC. must notseenD. must not be seen()10.Trees _ in winter but in spring.A. not can beplantedB. can be not plantedC. can t beplantedD. can not be plant()11.This kind of cars _ in Japan tenyears ago.A.

29、 can only bemadeB. could only madeC. be couldonly madeD. could only be made() 12.Jack often does things foolishly, so he _ sometimes _ byothers.A.is laughedB. islaughedatC. was laughedD. has been laughed at()13.The bear _ to the zoo tomorrow morning.A. may besendB. may is sentC. may be sentD. is may

30、 sent(.)14. In the past ten year, a lot of new buildings _ in our city.A. are put upB. have put upC. have been putD. have been put up()15. Such films _ by children like you.A. must be not seenB. must not be seeC. must not seenD. must not be seen二、用所給動(dòng)詞的正確時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)填空。Some top students _(send) to study in foreign countries once a year.2.More and more schools _(build) here later.Where are the apples? I think they _(eat) by those boys.4.Many new things _(invent) in the last ten years.5.All the shoes _(sell) out last week.6.Ho