研究生高等學(xué)校研究生英語綜合教程英語課后答案.

1、Unit1Reading MoreKey to ExercisesTask 1） nonmonetary2) recognizing3) due4) adhere5) considered6) self-affirmation7) impede8) thirst9) discharging10) rendering11) serve12) ceremonies13) a part14) commit15) attendVocabulary in ActionTask 11. A. observed (v. to see and notice something)B. observed (v.

2、to say or write what you have noticed about a situation)C. observing (v. to do what you are supposed to do according to a law or agreement)2. A. Labels (n. a piece of paper or other material that is attached to something and gives information about it)B. labeled (v. to attach a label onto something

3、or write information on something)C. labeled (v. to use a word or phrase to describe someone or something, but often unfairly or correctly)3. A. engage (v. to be doing or to become involved in an activity)B. was engaged (v. to employ someone to do a particular job)C. engaged (v. having agreed to mar

4、ry)D. engaging (adj. pleasant and attractive)4. A. attributed (v. to believe or say that a situation or event is caused by something)B. attributes (n. a quality or feature, especially one that is considered to be good or useful)C. attributed (v. to believe or say that someone was responsible for say

5、ing or writing something, i.e. painting a famous picture, etc.)5. A. Driving (v. to make a car, truck, bus, etc. move along in a desired path)B. drive (n. an effort to achieve something, especially an effort by an organization for a particular purpose)C. drive (n. determination and energy to succeed

6、)6. A. exercise (n. physical activities that you do in order to stay healthy and become stronger)B. exercises (n. a set of questions in a book that test a student's knowledge or skill)C. exercise (v. to use a power, right, or quality that you have)7. A. term (n. a fixed period of time during whi

7、ch someone does something or something happens)B. term (n. one of the periods of time that the school or university year is divided into)C. termed (v. to give a name to or describe something with a particular expression)8. A. discharged (v. to officially allow someone to leave somewhere, especially

8、the hospital or the army, navy, etc., or to tell them that they must leave)B. discharge (v. to do or pay what you have a duty to do or pay)C. discharges (n. something coming from with another type of substance)9. A. minor (adj. small and not very important or serious, especially compared with other

9、things)B. minored/minors (v. to study a second main subject as part of university degree)C. minors (n. someone who is below the age at which they become legally responsible for their actions)10. A. stage (n. a particular time or state that something reaches as it grows or develops)B. stage (n. the r

10、aised area in a theatre which actors or singers stand on when they perform)C. stage (v. to organize a public event)11. A. fostering (v. to take someone else's child into your family for a period of time but without becoming their legal parent)B. fosters (v. to help a skill, feeling, idea, etc. d

11、evelop over a period of time)C. foster (adj. related by or concerned with fostering)12. A. firm (n. a business or company, especially a small one)B. firm (adj. strongly fixed in position, and not likely to move)C. firm (adj. behaving in a way showing that they are not going to change their mind, or

12、that they are the person taking control)Task 21. due to you as a bonus2. in recognition of his contributions to psychology3. serves a purpose4. attended to in due course5. takes precedence over all the others6. calls for a celebration7. thirsted for a few new books8. with reference to the job openin

13、g in your department9. Mary has a great diversity of interests10. committed themselves to boosting profitsPRACTICAL TRANSLATIONParagraph One“一年 365 天，一周7 天，一天24 小時，生意始終在進(jìn)行，那意味著一年365 天， 7 天，一天 24小時，競爭也同樣在進(jìn)行，”豪特說， “公司取勝的方法之一就是要更快地到達(dá)目的地 !這就是說，你不僅要把所有能支持公司快速運轉(zhuǎn)的功能都調(diào)動起來，而且還得知道如何決定 目的地 是哪里。這樣，不僅對那些行動快速的人們，

14、也對那些思維敏捷，并有勇氣按自己的想法行事的人們都提出了要求。這需要全公司各部門的運作，而不僅僅是管理部門的工作。 ”Paragraph Two最后，職業(yè)地位包含對職業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的遵守。很多律師通過在行業(yè)內(nèi)外把自己塑造成一個具有良好職業(yè)道德的典范來找到自我價值。對那些在所有職業(yè)行為中都表現(xiàn)出極度正直和謙遜有禮的律師們來說，當(dāng)管理階層對他們理應(yīng)受到的特別尊重表示肯定時，便又獲得了另一種形式的精神報酬。Unit2Reading more: A cuisine crisisKey to exercisesText explorationAbout French cuisineA. As for raw m

15、aterials, there are: herbs, fruits and vegetables piled high ingreengrocerscreativegeometrics ;seafood,e.g.oyster;wildgame,e.g.hare,venison, boar; and sausages and cheeses laid out to smell and savor.B. Nothing has stood for France cooking. s sense of exceptionalism more famously than itse.g. Water

16、has many different and marketable tastes and thetaste ofolive oils can be nutty, fruity and impudent.C. If French cuisine has prestige, that s becausea. French has chefs who are interested in good products.b.Frenchstillhaspeasantagricultureaswellasfactoryfarms.Text exploration Task1About French cuis

17、ineMany factors caused the decline of French cuisineA. GlobalizationMany fruits and vegetables on the outdoor market are imported from foreign countries. Gallic talent, taste and technique have been exported all over the world and at the same time, what is mediocre, cheep and popular has been import

18、ed.B. Government tax and economic policiesa.more and more restaurateurshave tocopewithredtape,nottomentionedictsfrom Brussels that affect everything from sales taxes to the bacteria in the brie.b.The“harmonized ” value -addedtaxesbenefitpenalizing sit-down restaurants.fast-foodchainswhilec. Strict l

19、abor laws restrict hiring, firing and temp-work.d. Government regulations, for example, CAP, favor quantity over quality. Reading more/ Vocabulary in actionTask 11.A2.A3.D4.B5. A6.B7.C8.A9.A10.BTask21. pleasant2. understand3. an event in which people or businesses show or sell their products4. cheek

20、y5. unified6. modest or unpretentious7.cherish8.causepain or suffer; annoy/trouble9.have10.unwillingnessUnit3Task 2.(p73)1.F 2.F3.T4.F5.F6.T7.F8.T9.F10.FVocabulary in Action(p75)Task 1.1.A2.B3.C4.B5.A6.B7.C8.ATask 2.1.stack up against 2. struck a chord 3.amounted to 4.chopping off 5.appeal to 6. pic

21、k up on7. turned out 8.fade away 9.brought together 10. pulled off 11. thrust upon 12. be kept clearofTask 3.1.ervals5.converge6.wanderings7.navigate8.jealously 9. presence 10. absorbedReading moreTask 2.1.C 2. A 3.A 4.C 5.B6.D7.A8.CVocabulary in Action(p86)Task 1.1.A

22、. festiveB. festivalsC. festivity2.A. precedence B. precedentC. precededD. unprecedented E. preceding3.A. descendant B. descendC. descent4.A. justifiedB. justificationC. justifyD. justifiable5.A. confinesB. confinementC. confine6.A. repression B. repressive C. repressedTask 2.1. took painting up for

23、 a while2. A stroll round the garden3. tucked into the whole pizza quickly4. stumbled across /on/upon an extremely simple but very exact method5. with unprecedented zeal6. the intrinsic value of every person/individual7. as if it were no different from chess8. in any event we ll telephone you9. is p

24、acked with tourists10. He s mulling over the proposalsPractical Translation(p89)Paragraph One不管如何解釋， 工作與生活的平衡總是歐洲人得主要談資， 同時也是智囊團(tuán)和政策制定者研究和考慮的主題。在美國， 人們使用這個說法時總是帶著幾分針對那些吃蛋奶火腿餡餅的有閑人士才會表現(xiàn)出來的冷嘲熱諷的態(tài)度。但是，它可能還是會流行起來。時任紐約時報執(zhí)行主編的比爾。凱勒曾鼓勵員工們要給生活增加一些色彩，多陪陪家人或去欣賞藝術(shù)。Paragraph Two歡樂滿人間的作者帕梅拉。林登。特拉弗斯概括得精辟至極。她寫到， “你

25、不能把你想象的東西砍掉一部分然后寫成一本專給孩子看的書，坦白地說，因為事實上你根本無從知道童年究竟是什么時候結(jié)束的而成人期又是什么時候開始的。它們相互連接、渾然一體?！痹诹_琳的書中，從語言開始，就有足夠多的讓大人和孩子都喜歡的東西。實，但是她卻給人和物命名的方式顯示了獨特的原創(chuàng)才能。也許她文風(fēng)樸Unit 4task2 (116)1. my world just fell apart2. so I just had to make the best of it3. settled down over there4.they lead completelyseparated lives5. I w

26、as steeling myself to call round6. People often feel a sense of frustration7. With the benefit of hindsight8. We are here today to honor the men and women9. She consoled herself with the fact10. Many women are faced with the dilemmaTranslation PracticeParagraph OneReference:很多研究發(fā)現(xiàn)嬰兒獲得關(guān)愛的質(zhì)量會影響到他們以后的交

27、友，在學(xué)校的表現(xiàn)，如何對陌生的或可能充滿壓力的情況，以及他們成年后如何建立并且維系情感聯(lián)系。正式因為這些原因，人們與家庭成員的早期親密關(guān)系才如此至關(guān)重要。在人情冷漠的環(huán)境中（如孤兒院，某些寄養(yǎng)家庭，或缺乏關(guān)愛的家庭）長大的孩子會出現(xiàn)情感和社會性發(fā)育不良，語言和運動技能遲緩，以及精神健康問題。Paragraph TwoReference:一開始讓人們相互吸引的的是什么?許多人相信 “世上有一個人是你為之而生的”，而且命運會將你倆帶到一起。這樣的想法很浪漫卻不現(xiàn)實。實證研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，是文化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和價值觀而非命運將人們聯(lián)系在一起。我們錯過了成千上萬的可能的愛人，因為早就被正式的或非正式的挑選理想愛人的準(zhǔn)則

28、篩選出局，這些準(zhǔn)則包括年齡、種族、地域、社會階層、宗教、性傾向、健康狀況或外表。Unit5Reading MoreText Exploration1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.A 8.B 9A 10.DVocabulary in ActionTask 11. A. severeB. severely C. severity2. A. varietyB. various C. varieties3.A. separateB. separately C. separated D. separation4.A. associateB. associate C. associat

29、ions5.A. majorB. major C. majority6. A. identification B. identify C. identity7. A. perceive B. perception C. perceptive8. A. primaryB. primary C. primarily9. A. minimum B. minimize C. minimal10.A. depression B. depressed C. depressing11.A. increasingly B. increase C. increase12. A .response B. resp

30、onded C. respondentsTask 2.1.turmoil 2.magnitude 3. stressed out 4.hassle 5.understaffed 6.impaired 7.terrain 8.fit into9. adaptation 10. irritation 11.cognitive 12. chronic 13. perspective 14. accumulate 15. was aware ofTask 3.1.approximately 2. individuals 3. reviewed 4. depression 5. indicates 6.

31、 overwhelmed 7.motivate 8. categories 9. duration 10. negotiatedUnit6Key to ExercisesText ExplorationTask 1Unique qualities of New YorkPara.1: New York presents the gift of loneliness and the gift of privacy to everyone that comes to town.Para.2: Every corner of New York City has been full of wonder

32、ful people, events and undertakings.Para.3: New Yorkers are 18 inches far as well as 18 inches near to everyone including those great people.Para.4: For all the enormous events that are taking place every minute, New Yorkers enjoy the option of participation or insulation. Para.5: Compared with inha

33、bitants elsewhere, New Yorkers are lucky with regard to their optional right.Para.6: The insulation in New York may simply weaken them as individuals.Para.7: However, it has a positive effect on the creative capacities of New Yorkers.Para.8: The abundance of excitements prevents New Yorkers from a d

34、eficiency of spirit.Task 21.T2.F3.F4.F5.T6.F7.F8.FOther places in the US compared with NewYorkYou will feel less lonely and private there and they present fewer opportunities for fulfillment.They are not the centers of the US. There arentso many tall deeds, great people and events.Residents in other

35、 places might be either closer or more distant to each other and to those famous people.Residents are involved in the major events taking place there.In most metropolises, the choice is often not with the individual at all.Life might be healthier without the insulation in New York.Settlers there can

36、not escape from reality.They sometimes seem dead or unresourceful.9.F10.T11.F12.F13.T14.TVocabulary in ActionTask 11. B 2.D 3.A4.C 5.B 6.A7.C 8.D 9.B10. CTask 21. contented2. convention3. tall4. curiously5. Convention6. content7. execute8. curious9. execute10. count11. content12. conventions13. coun

37、t14. convention15. tallTask 31) sheer2) subject3) contradictory4) worldly5) chaotic6) sophisticated7) violence8) glamorous9) crime10) safestReading MoreKey to ExercisesTask 11) more2) Pacific3) feather4) homeland5) intentions6) realize7) prodigy8) movie star9) magazines10) disappointed11) excited/ho

38、peful12) images13) impatient14) failed15) willfulPRACTICAL TRANSLATIONParagraph One我提到這些，僅僅為了表明紐約城是一座建構(gòu)奇特的城市，這里發(fā)生的事件包羅萬象（城東1,000 英尺長的班輪也好，城西兩萬人的集會也罷），但種種事件卻又未被強(qiáng)加到每個居民身上。因此，從某種意義上說，每個事件都有可供選擇的余地，居民們大可隨心所欲地選擇心儀的場景來體味，保護(hù)其靈魂免受侵害。Paragraph Two在許多都市里，無論是大都市還是小城市，個人往往沒有這種選擇的自由。他必然會同獅子會會員們狹路相逢。獅子會會員無處不在，各種事

39、件避無可避。一截房檐從天而降，必然會砸到每個市民頭上，無一幸免。我有時想，能夠砸到每個紐約人頭上的事件恐怕只有一年一度的圣帕特里克節(jié)游行，其影響之廣，可謂無孔不入 愛爾蘭是一個不可小覷的民族，紐約城中居住的愛爾蘭人有50 萬之眾，他們還擁有自己的武裝力量。Unit7(P198)Key:1 a2 d 3c4b5 a6 c7d8 b(P201) Key:1-a2-c3-b4-b5-c6- a 7- b 8- c 9- a 10-c Task 3 (P203)1. So far as I m concerned2. endeavor to measure whether predetermined

40、goals are being achieved3. has been engrossed in conversation with all night4. draw conclusions from the results of a single survey5. He had no friends nor acquaintances6. did she tell him about the attack4. as we had seen5. that he had had a family himself6. the problems you mention are inherent in

41、 the system7. young people conscientious in their work/young people who are conscientious in their8. deviated from her custom9. at the peril of your own life / at your own peril10. taken on a new dimension11. capable of looking after myself12. in much the same way as it was 200 years ago13. rescue t

42、he sailors from the sinking ship14. Portugal participated in the war15. due to our ignoranceTranslation for Reference:1 人性的恒定性是眾所周知的，因為沒有人相信一個人能夠從根本上改變他的本性。這就是為什么一個惡名遠(yuǎn)揚的人很難重建公眾對他的信心。人們憑經(jīng)驗知道某一年中表現(xiàn)出無賴性格的人不太可能在第二年有任何改觀。小偷也不會變成值得信賴的員工。吝嗇鬼也不可能變成慈善家。一個人也不會在五六十歲的時候變成謊話精、懦夫或叛徒，如果那時候他是，那么早在他性格形成的時候他就已經(jīng)是了。大罪犯最初都是小罪犯，正如大橡樹最初都是小橡果。Translation for Refere