初升高暑假?gòu)?fù)習(xí)資料(超實(shí)用)

1、一、 句子成分要點(diǎn)：英語(yǔ)的基本成分有六種：主語(yǔ)（subject）、謂語(yǔ)（predicate）、賓語(yǔ)（object）、表語(yǔ)（predicative）、定語(yǔ)（attribute）和狀語(yǔ)(adverbial)其構(gòu)成的五種基本句型為：基本句型一： +（不及物動(dòng)詞） （主謂）此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)，即句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)從句等。Eg:1. The sun was shining. 2. The moon rose. 3. The universe remains. 4. The pen writes smoothly基本句型二： +

2、 （系動(dòng)詞）+ （主謂表）此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同的特點(diǎn)：句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都不能表達(dá)一個(gè)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)表明主語(yǔ)身份或狀態(tài)的表語(yǔ)構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)，才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞叫做連系動(dòng)詞。系動(dòng)詞分兩類(lèi)：be, look, keep, seem等屬一類(lèi)，表示情況；get, grow, become, turn等屬另一類(lèi)，表示變化。be 本身沒(méi)有什么意義,只起連系主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的作用。其它系動(dòng)詞仍保持其部分詞義。 Eg: 1. This is a book.2. The dinner smells good.3. His face turned red.基本句型三： + （及物動(dòng)詞）+ （主謂賓）此句型

3、句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都具有實(shí)義，都是主語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生的動(dòng)作，但不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，即動(dòng)作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類(lèi)動(dòng)詞叫做及物動(dòng)詞.Eg: 1. She smiled her thanks.2. He enjoys reading.基本句型四： +(及物動(dòng)詞) +（多指人）+ （多指物） （主謂間賓直賓）此句型的句子有一個(gè)共同特點(diǎn)：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須跟有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)才能表達(dá)完整的意思。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的直接承受者，另一個(gè)是動(dòng)作的間接承受者。通常這一間接承受者用一個(gè)介詞來(lái)連接，當(dāng)動(dòng)作的間接承受者在動(dòng)作的直接承受者之前時(shí)，這一介詞往往被省略 Eg: 1. She ordered he

4、rself a new dress.2. He brought you a dictionary.基本句型五： + (及物)+ + （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）此句型的句子的共同特點(diǎn)是：動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞，但是只跟一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思，必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ)，才能使意思完整。Eg: 1. They appointed him manager. 2. They painted the door green.練習(xí)題一、用所給的單詞組成句子 1to, the, box, I, want, take, to, room, heavy, the. 2look, things, the, after,

5、boys, their, must. 3here, all, are, you. 4today, who, duty, is, on? 5Miss, them, 3 years ago, Wang, taught, Japanese. 6is, rice, bag, in, there, much, the. 7him, them, to, a, gift, promised, give, 1. 8begins, eight, the, English, at, class, o'clock. 二、完成下列句子 1Have you ever been to _ （最遠(yuǎn)的小島） 2We

6、must _ our classroom _ .（保持清潔）. 3They _ _ _ _ and _ _ two hours（每二小時(shí)，必須坐下休息） 4After work he always _ _ _ _ （感到有點(diǎn)兒累）. 5The doctor _ _ Tom _ _ （非常仔細(xì)地做了檢查）. 6There is _ _ （有點(diǎn)毛?。﹚ith Linda's cat's eyes. 7I can see _ _ （沒(méi)有異常之物）in the tree. 8Mr. Fang is _ _ _ _ （去訪問(wèn)） his aunt. 9Mike _ _ _ his moth

7、er _ （得幫媽媽?zhuān)﹖he washing every Sunday. 三、指出下列句子的主語(yǔ)部分 1Who is the gentleman in the room? 2Who is singing on the platform? 3What he said is not true.說(shuō)說(shuō)你今天的收獲吧：二、名 詞要點(diǎn)：I. 名詞的種類(lèi)：專(zhuān)有名詞普通名詞國(guó)名地名人名，團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱(chēng)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞個(gè)體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞II. 名詞的數(shù)：1. 規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，一般在單數(shù)形式后面加-s或-es。現(xiàn)將構(gòu)成方法與讀音規(guī)則列表如下：規(guī)則例詞1一般情況在詞尾加-smap-

8、maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days2以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-esclass-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes3以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞變-f和-fe為v再加-esleaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives加-sbelief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs4以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加-esparty-

9、parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities5以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ忻~以y結(jié)尾的，加-stoy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys6以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞一般加-eshero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes不少外來(lái)詞加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos兩者皆可zero-zeros/zer

10、oes, volcano-volcanoes/ volcanos7以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-sradio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos8以-th結(jié)尾的名詞加-struth-truths, mouth-mouths, month-months, path-paths,2. 不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：英語(yǔ)里有些名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，現(xiàn)歸納如下：規(guī)則例詞1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2單復(fù)數(shù)相同sheep, deer, series, means, w

11、orks, fish, species li, yuan, jin, 3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式ashes, trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses, compasses, contents4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù)people, police, cattle, staff5部分集體名詞既可以作單數(shù)（整體）也可以作復(fù)數(shù)（成員）audience, class, family, crowd, couple, group, committee, government, population, crew, team, public, enemy, party6復(fù)數(shù)形式表

12、示特別含義customs(海關(guān)), forces(軍隊(duì)), times(時(shí)代), spirits(情緒), drinks(飲料), sands(沙灘), papers(文件報(bào)紙), manners(禮貌), looks(外表), brains(頭腦智力), greens(青菜), ruins(廢墟)7表示“某國(guó)人”加-sAmericans, Australians, Germans, Greeks, Swedes, Europeans單復(fù)數(shù)同形Swiss, Portuguese, Chinese, Japanese以-man或-woman結(jié)尾的改為-men,-womenEnglishmen,

13、Frenchwomen8合成名詞將主體名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)sons-in-law, lookers-on, passers-by, story-tellers, boy friends無(wú)主體名詞時(shí)將最后一部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)grown-ups, housewives, stopwatches將兩部分變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)women singers, men servants注意：以s結(jié)尾，仍為單數(shù)的名詞，如：a. maths ，politics，physics等學(xué)科名詞，為不可數(shù)名詞，是單數(shù)。b. news 是不可數(shù)名詞。c. the United States，the United Nations 應(yīng)視為單數(shù)。d. 以復(fù)

14、數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的書(shū)名，劇名，報(bào)紙，雜志名，也可視為單數(shù)。"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 3不可數(shù)名詞量的表示  可以借助單位詞表一定的數(shù)量。如：a glass of water 一杯水 a piece of cake 4修飾可數(shù)名詞的詞有：many, few, a few, a number of, 數(shù)詞 修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞有：much, little, a little, a great deal of 即可修飾可數(shù)名詞也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞的詞有：some (any), no, a lot

15、of，plenty of二、名詞的格1.有生命的人、物及其他名詞的所有格在詞尾加“s”，如the boys bag 男孩的書(shū)包2. 凡不能加"'s"的名詞，都可以用"名詞+of +名詞"的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字 the window of the house 。3. 時(shí)間、距離、地域等名詞的所有格形式為-s todays newspaper, ten minutes walk the citys problem4. 在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞，

16、如：the barber's 理發(fā)店 at my aunts (house) go to the doctors . 5. 若名詞詞尾已有-s ，只加，如：Teachers Day the twins parents, the students books6. 如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示"分別有"；只有一個(gè)'s，則表示'共有'。 如：John's and Mary's rooms（兩間） John and Mary's room（一間）7. 雙重所有格形式：a novel of Mark Twin

17、s a friend of my fathers / mine練習(xí)題：1.He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_. A. little wage B. few wage C. wage D. wages2.Most of the houses in the village were burnt to _ during the war.A. an ash B. the ash C. ash D. ashes3. The students at coll

18、eges or universities are making _ for the coming New Year.A. many preparations B. much preparation C. preparations D. preparation4. Painting in _ is one of their spare-time activities.A. oil B. an oil C. oils D. the oil5. In the view of the foreign experts, there wasnt _ oil here.A. much B. lots of

19、C. a great deal of D. many6. The large houses are being painted, but _.A. of great expense B. at a great expense C. in a lot of expenses D. by high expense7. The room was small and contained far too _.A. much new furniture C. much new furnituresB. many new furniture D. many new furnitures8. Jim was

20、late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the _.A. rooms number B. room number C. rooms numbers D. room numbers9.Computers can do _work in a short time, but a man can not do _by himself. A great manymany C. mucha great deal B.great deal ofmuch D. manya great many10.She didnt

21、know _ he had been given.A. how many information C. how many informationsB. the number of information D. how much information11.He invited all of his _ to join his wedding party.A. comrade-in-arms C. comrades-in-armB. comrades-in-arms D. comrade-in-arm12.All the _ in the hospital got a rise last mon

22、th.A. women doctors C. woman doctorsB. women doctor D. woman doctor13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_.A. growns-ups C. growns-upB. grown-up D. grown-ups14.The police investigated those _ about the accident.A.  stander-by C. standers-byB.  stander-bys D. standers-bys15.The Naz

23、i kept those _ in their concentration camp.A.prisoner-of-wars C. prisoners-of-warB.prisoners-of-wars D. prisoner-of-war說(shuō)說(shuō)你今天的收獲吧：三、代 詞I. 代詞可以分為以下七大類(lèi)：1人稱(chēng)代詞主格I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they賓格me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them人稱(chēng)代詞有主格和賓格之分。通常主格作主語(yǔ)，賓格作賓語(yǔ)。2物主代詞形容詞性my, your, his, her, its, our, their名

24、詞性mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs1.表示所有關(guān)系的代詞叫物主代詞。物主代詞分形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞2. 形容詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于形容詞，可在句中作定語(yǔ)。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us.I've already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作賓語(yǔ)）3. 名詞性物主代詞的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，在句中可用作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)。 Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主語(yǔ)）3反身代詞

25、myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves 不是指明代替任何特定名詞的代詞叫做不定代詞，在句中可作主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)4指示代詞this, that, these, those, such, some5疑問(wèn)代詞who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever疑問(wèn)代詞用于特殊疑問(wèn)句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作為某一句子成分。例如：Who is going to come here tomorrow? （作主語(yǔ)）

26、What is that? (作表語(yǔ))Whom are you waiting for? (作賓語(yǔ))6關(guān)系代詞that, which, who, whom, whose, as關(guān)系代詞在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中會(huì)講到：I hate people who talk much but do little.Im looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.With the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.7不定代詞one/ some/ any, each/

27、every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either練習(xí)題：一、單項(xiàng)選擇1. Tom, Please pass _ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers. A. you B. me C. him D. her2. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _ new words in it. A. a little B. little C.

28、 a few D. few3. -You want _ sandwich? -Yes, I usually eat a lot when Im hungry. A. other B. another C. others D. the other4. The doctors and nurses are doing their best to fight SARS. They think more of others than _. A. they B. them C. themselves D. theirs5. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange

29、 or a bottle of milk? -_, thanks. Id like a cup of tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None6. -Oh! I came in a hurry and forgot to bring food. -Never mind. You can have _. A. us B. ours C. you D. yours7. -Can I come this evening or tomorrow morning? -_ is OK. Im free today and tomorrow. A. Either B

30、. Neither C. Both D. None8. -How are you going to improve _ this term? -Work harder than last term. A. ourselves B. myself C. himself D. yourself9. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? -Her cousin, Susan. A. that B. whose C. who D. which10. -Is _ here? -No. Li Lei and Han Mei have asked for leav

31、e. A. everybody B. somebody C. anybody D. nobody二、用適當(dāng)?shù)拇~填空1. The old man has two sons. One is a worker, _ is a teacher.2. Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running; some like swimming; _ like ball games.3. Lets go and have a drink. Weve got _ time before the train leaves.4. We wer

32、e all very tired, but _ of us would like to have a rest.5. _ of the twins are in our class.6. Boys, dont touch the machines, or you may hurt _.7. It is said there is going to be _ important in the CCTV news.8. We couldnt buy anything because _ of the shops opened at that time.9. They didnt learn _ n

33、ew in this lesson.10. -Why is _ easy for such a young girl to learn three foreign languages so well? -Because Britain, Germany and France are all very near _ country.說(shuō)說(shuō)你今天的收獲吧：四、冠 詞要點(diǎn)：1、冠詞分類(lèi)： 英語(yǔ)中冠詞有不定冠詞和定冠詞兩種,常放在名詞的前面,用來(lái)限定名詞的意義,起泛指或特指的作用。定冠詞the，不定冠詞a/an。2、不定冠詞a / an的用法：不定冠詞a / an用在單數(shù)名詞的前面,a用在輔音開(kāi)頭的詞前

34、面; an用在元音開(kāi)頭的詞的前面。不定冠詞的基本用法：(1) 表示某一個(gè)人或東西,但不具體說(shuō)明何人或何物。如：There is a dog lying 。(2) 表示某類(lèi)人或事物,以區(qū)別于其他種類(lèi)。如：A elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人強(qiáng)壯多了。)(不能譯為：一頭大象比一個(gè)人強(qiáng)壯。)(2) 表示某類(lèi)人或事物中的任何一個(gè)。如：He is a teacher of English.(他是英語(yǔ)教師。)(4) 表示“一”這個(gè)數(shù)量。如：There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.3、定冠詞

35、the的用法：定冠詞the用在可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)的名詞前面。定冠詞的基本用法：(1) 表示特指的人或事物。如：The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(手上拿著一朵花的男人是杰克)(2) 指談話雙方都熟悉的人或事物。如：Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,請(qǐng)看黑板。)(3) 復(fù)述前面提到過(guò)的人或事物。如：There is a man under the tree. The man is called Robert.(樹(shù)下有個(gè)人, 那個(gè)人叫羅伯特。)(4) 表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的事物。如：The earth turn

36、s around the sun.(地球繞太陽(yáng)旋轉(zhuǎn)。)(5) 用在表示方位的名詞前面。如：There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(長(zhǎng)江以南地 區(qū)將會(huì)刮大風(fēng)。)(6) 在序數(shù)詞和形容詞最高級(jí)的前面。如：Who is the first one to go?(誰(shuí)第一個(gè)去？) / Of all the stars, the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太陽(yáng)離地球最近)(7) 常用在樂(lè)器名稱(chēng)的前面。如：He began to play the violin at th

37、e age of 5.(8) 用在江河、海洋、山脈等名稱(chēng)的前面。如：I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我從來(lái)沒(méi)有去過(guò)喜馬拉雅山)(9) 用在含有普通名詞的專(zhuān)有名詞的前面。如：He is from the United States of America.(10)用在姓氏之前表示一家人。如：The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(11)same之前一般用the。如：Lucy and Lily look the same.(露西和莉莉看上去長(zhǎng)得一樣)(12)幾個(gè)用定冠詞的習(xí)語(yǔ)：at the

38、 same time (與此同時(shí)) on the way(在路上)等等。4、一些不用冠詞的情況：(1) 專(zhuān)有名詞和(第一次使用)一些不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)前面通常不用。如：China is a very large country.(中國(guó)是個(gè)大國(guó)) / Man needs air and water.(人類(lèi)需要空氣和水) (2) 名詞前已有指示、物主或不定代詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)不用。如：My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的鋼筆比你的昂貴多了)(3) 周名,月名或季節(jié)名前一般不用。如：He was born on Monday, February 18,1995.

39、(4) (第一次使用)復(fù)數(shù)名詞表示人或事物的類(lèi)別時(shí)不用。如：Men are cleverer than monkeys.(人比猴子聰明)(5) 三餐飯前不用。如：We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(6) 節(jié)、假日前一般不用。如：Childrens Day (7) 球類(lèi)名詞前不用。如：The children play football on Saturday afternoons.(8) 城市的重要/主要建筑物名稱(chēng)前不用。如：They are now at Peoples Cinema. (9) 一些習(xí)慣用語(yǔ)中不用。at / to /

40、from / out of / after / for school; on foot;練習(xí)題：1._recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S .would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090.A. A, the B. A, / C. The ,/ D. The, a2.If you go by _train ,you can have quite a comfortable journey ,but make sure

41、 you get _fast one. A. /, / B./, a C. the, a D./,/ 3. It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life. A /,/ B. /,a C. the,/ D. the, a4.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city ,I only remember it was _ Monday.。A. the , the B. a ,the C. a, a D. the, a5.If you grow up in _large fami

42、ly ,youare more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others .A. /,an the B. a, the ,/ C. the ,an ,the D. a, the ,the 6.Mrs ,Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes.A. a, a B. an ,the C. an ,a D. th7.Afetr dinner he gave Mr. Richardson _ri

43、de to _Capital Airport. A .the, a B. a the C. /, a D. /, the 8.On May 5,2005,at _World Table Tennis Championship ,Kong Ling hui and WangHao won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1. A. a ,a B. / the C. a ,/ D. the ,a 9.I knew _John Lennon ,but not _famous one. A. /,a B. a ,the C. /,the D. the,

44、a 10.The book tells _life story of John Smith ,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16. A. the, the B. a , the C. the./ D. a,/ 11.When you come here for your holiday next time, dont go to _hotel ; I can find you _bed in my flat.A. the ,a B. the,/ C. a ,the D. a,/12.If you buy mo

45、re than ten, they will knock20pence off_. A. a price B. price C. the price D. prices 13._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.A. The ,/ B. The ,a C. An ,the D. An,/14.When he left _college ,he got a job as _reporter in a

46、newspaper office . A. /, a B/, the C .a the D .the, the15The most important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution. A. /,/ B. the,/ C. the , the D. a ,the說(shuō)說(shuō)你今天的收獲吧：五、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)要點(diǎn)：一.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方法如下(1) 符合規(guī)則的：情 況加 法例 詞一 般 情 況直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-ta

47、llest以e結(jié)尾的詞加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞輔音字母雙寫(xiě)，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加 more ; mostmore deliciousmost delicious(2)幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)如下表：原 級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmorem

48、ostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest二形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法級(jí)別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例 句備 注原  級(jí)同等程度肯定形式As+原級(jí)+as(像一樣)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can. 否定形式not + so (as) +原級(jí)+as(不如那樣)English is not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do.  比較級(jí)不

49、同程度（用于兩者比較）比較級(jí)+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比較級(jí)前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)（越來(lái)越）The + 比較級(jí)，the + 比較級(jí)（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He studies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand. 最高級(jí)最高程度（

50、用于三者或三者以上）The +最高級(jí)+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副詞最高級(jí)前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容詞，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含義的限制，沒(méi)有比較級(jí)。 三形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的其他用法（1）和冠詞連用the 形容詞原級(jí)v(復(fù))，指一類(lèi)人或物the 形容詞比較級(jí)，指兩者中“較的”的那一個(gè)，eg. the younger of the two a/ an 形容詞比較級(jí)eg. The pen

51、 is expensive. I want a cheaper one. ( a) most形容詞最高級(jí)“非常”eg. a most beautiful city( 2 ) 相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)1) 原級(jí)比較：肯定句 as.as., 否定句not so / as.as.2) 比較句： 比較級(jí) than.或more (less) .than.The furniture in this shop is less beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代詞that的用法)3) 比較級(jí) and比較級(jí) 或 more and more比較級(jí) “越來(lái)越 ”richer and rich

52、er, more and more interesting4) The more., the more.“越， 越”The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it.5) 比較級(jí)than any other n. （單） （適用于范圍一致時(shí)） (all) other n.（復(fù)） any n.(單) （適用于范圍不一致時(shí)） He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class.6) 倍數(shù)表

53、達(dá)法。A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.用times 表倍數(shù)通常用于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍（高三倍）。 Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。Your school is three times b