牛津高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit1基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)

1、牛津高中英語(yǔ)必修一 Unit 1 單詞講解1. attend vt. / vi. 1 ）出席 , 參加 , 2）上 （大學(xué)等 ）,就讀 3）照料 ;護(hù)理 ;侍候 vt: attend+ noun （ 會(huì)議、聚會(huì)、講座，上課 ）He did not attend the meeting yesterday.（go to ; be present at 參加或出席 ）Dr Smith attended her in hospital. （ look after ）vi: attend on/upon sb. 看護(hù)，照料（某人）attend on a patient2.assemblyU集會(huì)，會(huì)議t

2、he right of assembly 集會(huì)權(quán) assembly rooms 會(huì)議室Morning assembly is held in the school hall. 晨會(huì)在學(xué)校禮堂舉行 .3.earn vt. to get something by working 獲得，賺，賺得He earns 10,000 a year.earn one s living / make one ng 謀生 liviShe earned her living by working in a supermarket.earn fame / praise / respect 獲得名譽(yù) /贊揚(yáng) / 尊敬T

3、he young player earned his place in the team by training hard.4.respect v.遵守，尊敬；敬重；欽佩；n.（與 of, for 連用）尊敬；尊重we d better respect others feeli ngs.I respect him for his honesty. （ 尊敬，欽佩 ） show / have respect /to /for sb. = respectsb.The young should show respect to those who are older. 年輕人應(yīng)該尊敬長(zhǎng)者。 gain/

4、 win/ earn respect 博得欽佩respects （pl） 敬意；問候 Give my respects / regards to your wife.respectful adj. （主動(dòng)）表示尊敬的，恭敬的respectfully adv. 尊敬地 , 謙恭地respectable adj. （被動(dòng)）值得尊敬的，體面的The teacher is _ , so we are all _ to him. （respectable, respectful）5.achieve v. 取得，實(shí)現(xiàn)achieve all one s goals 達(dá)到目標(biāo)achievement n. 成就

5、 , 功績(jī)6.average n. 一般的，普通的，平均的The average of 4, 8, and 60 is 24.4、8 和 60 的平均數(shù)是 24。The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen. （ 平均年齡 ）These marks are well above average. 這些分?jǐn)?shù)遠(yuǎn)在一般水平以上 .on （an） average 通常；按平均7.challenging adj. 具有挑戰(zhàn)性的challenge vt. 向.挑戰(zhàn)challenge sb. toHe challenged me to play a

6、nother football match. 他向我挑戰(zhàn)要我跟他再進(jìn)行 Itis challenging for me to solve this problem by myself.8.extra adj. 額外的；外加的；附加的 adv. 超過一般地；特別地extra pay for extra work 額外工作的額外報(bào)酬場(chǎng)足球比賽Can I have extra time to finish my work? （ 額外的 ）an extra strong box 加固的箱子Children were extra glad to see the foreign visitors. （特別

7、地）9. prepare v. to get ready or to make sb. / sth. ready 準(zhǔn)備；使有備 prepare sb. /sth. for sth. prepareto do sth.The team prepared themselves for defeat / to accept defeat. 這個(gè)隊(duì)心理上做好了接受失敗的準(zhǔn)備。prepare to meet your fate 準(zhǔn)備面對(duì)命運(yùn) be prepared for sth. 對(duì)某事物（尤指令人不愉快者）作好準(zhǔn)備 I knew there were problems, but I was not

8、prepared for this! 我知道有些問題 , 卻未料到這一點(diǎn) !preparation n. 準(zhǔn)備 , 預(yù)備be in preparation 在準(zhǔn)備中 ; 在編輯中 in preparation for 作為 .的準(zhǔn)備make preparations for 為 .作準(zhǔn)備make preparations against 為對(duì)付 .作準(zhǔn)備10. drop v. 放棄，落下 , , 斷絕（往來(lái)）He seems to have dropped most of his friends. （ 斷絕往來(lái) ）He dropped everything and helped. （ 半途停止

9、 ）Where shall I drop you? （ 讓某人下車 ）Drop over to our house for a visit sometime. （drop in / by /over 順便走訪 ） Our car dropped behind.（ 落后 ） n. 滴；點(diǎn) ; 下降；落下；下跌eye drops 眼藥水a(chǎn) drop in the price of wheat 小麥價(jià)格下跌11. miss v. 思念 , 想念，錯(cuò)過 n. 小姐 , 姑娘 Everybody will miss him very much. （思念） missed thebus 誤公共汽車。 mis

10、s a chance 錯(cuò)過一次機(jī)會(huì)Her daughter was chosen as Miss Hong Kong six years ago. （小姐，姑娘） missing adj. 不見的 , 缺少的a missing person 一個(gè)失蹤人員12. field n. 1） 運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)，操場(chǎng) 2） 田地，原野 3）領(lǐng)域，專業(yè) The World Cup was holded in this field.（運(yùn)動(dòng)場(chǎng)） They were working in the cotton fields.（ 田地，原野 ） He is a prominent scholar in thefield o

11、f linguistics. （領(lǐng)域，專業(yè)）13. experience n. 經(jīng)歷，閱歷 C 經(jīng)驗(yàn) ,體驗(yàn) U（+of/in）I had a rather odd experience the other day. （經(jīng)歷） She had no experience of life at all. （經(jīng)驗(yàn)）Please tell us your _ in America.Have you had any _ of teaching English?14. article n. C 1 ） 文章， 論文 2） 商品， 物品 3） 條款， 條文 He has written an articl

12、e for the magazine.（文章）She had several articles of clothing in her bag.（商品一件）Article 15 of the constitution dealswith this problem. （條款）15. introduce vt. （與 to 連用）介紹 ; 倡導(dǎo)；提倡；引進(jìn) He introduced his friend to me.to introduce a new subject in a school introduction n. 介紹 , 傳入 , 初步 , 導(dǎo)言16. immediately adv.

13、 & conj. 立即； 即刻She came immediately.她立刻就來(lái)了。I came immediately I heard the n ews.我一聽到這個(gè)消息,馬上就來(lái)了。immediate adj.立即的；即刻的in the immediate future在不遠(yuǎn)的將來(lái)take immediate action立即采取行動(dòng)最近的17. former adj.從前的，以前的in former times 從前 the former world champion 前世界冠軍the former the latterWe used to insist on the dif

14、ferenee between love and liking. The former seemed much more beautifulthan the latter. former, past, old 雖然都和過去有關(guān)，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)不同。former:過去曾經(jīng)是 的、前任.” past:過去的” old 老的、從前的”。例女口：former preside nt 前總統(tǒng)past experie nee 以往的經(jīng)驗(yàn)my old school 我的母校18. recently adv.最近It is only quite rece ntly that I started pai ntin g.

15、 我只是在最近才開始繪畫的。recent adj.新近的，近來(lái)的19. develop v.培養(yǎng)，養(yǎng)成，發(fā)展，發(fā)達(dá)，發(fā)揚(yáng)，進(jìn)步Try to develop good readi ng habits.要養(yǎng)成良好的閱讀習(xí)慣。to develop an idea 詳細(xì)地說明一個(gè)概念Her frien dship with David developed slowly.她與戴維的友誼發(fā)展緩慢。20. display v.陳列，展覽，顯示 n.陳列，展覽，顯示The cakes were displayed in the window. 糕點(diǎn)陳歹 U 在櫥窗中。The work was on displ

16、ay.作品正在展出。21. attention n.注意，關(guān)心，關(guān)注，注意力，（，（口令）立正！Your suggesti on has come to our atte nti on. 我們已經(jīng)考慮了你的建議。to pay atte nti on to （do ing） sth.Please pay atte nti on to tak ing care of your baby. 請(qǐng)注意照顧好你的小孩 .to stand at attention 立正站著22. please vt.請(qǐng)，使高興，使喜歡，使?jié)M意，合.的心意，是.的意愿 vi.令人高興，討人喜歡What pleases you

17、 best?你最喜歡什么？She is always an xious to please. 她老是極力想討好人。23. title n.頭銜，名稱，標(biāo)題，vt.賦予頭銜，加標(biāo)題于 adj.標(biāo)題的，用作書名的the title of a book 書名an official title 官銜the title page 標(biāo)題頁(yè)A doctor has the titlein Drofhis name.醫(yī)生的名字前有“ Dr 這個(gè)稱呼He deserves the title of poet. 他不愧為詩(shī)人。24. cover n.蓋子，封面，藉口 vt 履蓋，鋪，掩飾 vi.覆蓋，涂，代替th

18、e cover of a pot / book / magaz ineHe read the book from cover to cover.他看完了本書。（從頭到尾一頁(yè)不漏）The soldiers crept forward un der the cover of dark ness.士兵在黑夜的掩護(hù)下向前爬行。（在掩護(hù)下；打著的幌子）cover the table with a cloth把桌子鋪上臺(tái)布Lies cannot cover up facts. 謊言掩蓋不住事實(shí)25. regret n. 遺憾, 悔恨, 抱歉, 歉意 vt. 遺憾, 惋惜; 抱歉悔恨 , 懊悔悼念 , 哀悼

19、; 懷念 with regret 很抱歉地I regret （to say） that. 我很遺憾 .; 很抱歉 .It is to be regretted that . 使人遺憾的是 .; 真可惜 .I regret to tell you that my friend is ill. 遺憾地告訴你 , 我的朋友病了To this day I do not regret having made that remark. 說了這話 , 我至今不后悔。regret to have done./ having done / doing26. inform v.（of/about）通知，告訴，獲悉

20、，告知I beg to inform you that . 謹(jǐn)通知 .be well informed about sth. 對(duì)某事消息靈通be informed of 聽說 ; 接到 .的通知keep . informed 隨時(shí)向 .報(bào)告情況inform against /on upon sb. 告發(fā)某人 , 檢舉某人27. run vi. 跑，奔，逃跑，vt. 使跑，參賽，追究run the danger of 冒 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)急切的要求run across 偶然遇到run after 追逐，追蹤追求（女性）run out （常與 of 連用）用光；耗盡28. host n. 主人 vt，作東，作

21、為主人招待the host city 主辦城市Beijing will host the 29th Summer Olympic Games in 2008.北京將于 2008 年主辦第 29 屆奧運(yùn)會(huì)。Which country hosted the Olympic Games for the most times?29. approve vi.贊成，滿意（常與 of 連用）I dont approve of wasting time. 我不贊成浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。My parents dont approve of me smoking cigarettes.vt. 批準(zhǔn) , 通過 approve

22、a plan / bill / accounts 核準(zhǔn)帳目30. broadcast n. 廣播，播音 v. 播撒（種子），廣播，（無(wú)線電或電視 ）廣播，播送，播放the news broadcast 新聞廣播31. close adj. 靠近的；近的；接近的（常與 to 連用） n. 結(jié)束 v. 關(guān)，結(jié)束，使靠近 close to home接近事實(shí)Its very close in here. Would you mind opening the window?這里面太悶了 , 把窗子打開好嗎 ?a close friend 一位親密的朋友a(bǔ) close game （race,contest

23、） 一個(gè)勢(shì)均力敵的比賽What she said was very close to home. 她說的情況非常接近事實(shí)。32. continue v. 使繼續(xù) ;使延伸 +v-ing+to-vI was allowed to continue using the library. 我獲準(zhǔn)繼續(xù)使用該圖書館。They continued to meet every week. 他們繼續(xù)每周見面。33. poem n. 詩(shī)，象詩(shī)一樣，美麗的東西He wrote a poem about war. 他寫了一首關(guān)于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的詩(shī)。poetry n.詩(shī), 作詩(shī)法, 詩(shī)意,詩(shī)情 a book of poetry

24、 / a poetry book 詩(shī)集34. select vt.選擇, 挑選（choose sb/sth, esp as being the best or most suitable）adj.精選的 I wasselected for the team. 我被選入這個(gè)隊(duì)。select a gift, candidate, wine 挑選禮物、 候選人、 葡萄酒 select peaches 優(yōu)等桃子be select in choosing ones friends 擇友謹(jǐn)慎 selected adj. 經(jīng)由選擇的 , 挑選的selected works 選集 selected poems

25、 詩(shī)選selection n. 選擇, 挑選, 選集, 精選品35. require vt. 需要 , 要求, 命令We did all that was required of us. 我們做了要求我們所做的一切。The emergency requires that it should be done. 情況緊急 , 非這樣做不可。 do as the law requires 按法律辦事require sth. of sb. 對(duì)某人有 .的要求require sb. to do sth 要求某人做某事 require vt. 需要 , 要求 , 命令The floor requires

26、washing. 地板該洗了。requirement n. 需求, 要求, 必要條件 , 需要的東西 , 要求必備的條件36. scary adj. 引起驚慌的scare v. 驚嚇, 受驚, 威嚇 n. 驚恐 , 恐慌, 恐懼scared, scaring 1）（常與 of, to 連用）恐嚇，驚嚇；使受驚；驚恐I was scared of the big dog.我害怕這條大狗。2）（常與 away, off, up 連用）把 嚇跑The dogs scared the thief away. 那些狗把賊嚇跑了。牛津高中英語(yǔ)必修一Unit 1 詞組、句型講解重點(diǎn)詞組：1. 感到輕松fee

27、l at ease18 在午餐時(shí)間at lunchtime2. 一次令人愉快，激動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷19. 免費(fèi)的for freean enjoyable and exciting experience免費(fèi)的free of charge3. 對(duì) .感到滿意be happy with20. 每星期二晚上on Tuesday evenings4. 意味著mean doing21. 放棄一些科目drop some subjects5. 打算做mean to do22 .一個(gè)具有挑戰(zhàn)的任務(wù)a challenging task6. 參加晨會(huì)attend assembly某事對(duì)某人有挑戰(zhàn)be challenging

28、for sb7. 在旁邊next to23 體驗(yàn)不同的生活方experience a different8. 贏得某人的尊重earn respect（from）way of life尊重某人show respect to /for24.在.開始at the beginning of9.做的方法/途徑the way to do/ of doing25 .準(zhǔn)備食物prepare food10 獲得高分achieve high grades為做準(zhǔn)備prepare for / make11. 聽起來(lái)像sound likepreparations for12.在過去的一年in the past year

29、26. 向做自我介紹introduce oneself to13.正常規(guī)模the average size27. 對(duì)感興趣be interested in14.平均on average28. 在學(xué)校人口處at the school entrance15.起初at first29. 一直往前走go straight16.首先f(wàn)irst of all30. 走過go past17.進(jìn)步很快improve a lot31.從和之間走過 go between and -32. 在校園里on campus33. 對(duì)有用be available (for)34. 全年all year round35. 網(wǎng)

30、絡(luò)接口Internet access36. 網(wǎng)上沖浪surf the Internet37. 大量的設(shè)備 lots of pieces of equipment38. 前者后者the former the latter39.從畢業(yè)graduate from40.有很多機(jī)會(huì)了解have many chances tolearn about41.一位有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的護(hù)士an experienced nurse42. 一.就upon/on doing43培養(yǎng)對(duì)的興趣develop an interest in44 把捐贈(zèng)給don ate .to.45.向展示display sth to46.因感謝某人tha

31、nk sb for sth47.勞駕thank sb to do48 客座演講者a guest speaker49.發(fā)表演講make a speech50.錯(cuò)過機(jī)會(huì)miss the chance to do51.提到/提及refer to52.不僅僅，超過more than53.難以取悅be hard to please54.注意pay attention to吸引某人的注意attract onesattention /catch one s eyes55.把和.作比較compare with 56.訂購(gòu)一冊(cè)order a copy57.在封底o(hù)n the book cover58.遺憾做re

32、gret to do59.通知某人某事inform sb of sth60.創(chuàng)辦學(xué)校俱樂部start a school club61.允許某人做某事allow sb to do sth62.贊同某人的想法approve one s idea63.時(shí)事新聞recent news64.親密的朋友close friends65 朗讀給聽read out to66.挑選詩(shī)歌select poems67.要求某人做某事require sb to do sth68.生態(tài)平衡keep a balance of nature69.對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)be responsible for70.由組成con sist of /

33、 be made up of71.以為基礎(chǔ)be based on72.一代又一代 from generation to generation73.過去常常74.在開放日75.在學(xué)校的操場(chǎng)上76.被取代77.代替78.做一個(gè)決定79.提出，想出80.輪流做 .used to do at theopen day on theschool field bereplaced by insteadof make a decisioncome up with taketurns to do重點(diǎn)句型：1. Going to a British high school for one year was a v

34、ery enjoyable and exciting experience for me.去一所英國(guó)中學(xué)讀書一年對(duì)我來(lái)說是一次令人愉快和興奮的經(jīng)歷。Going to a British high school for one year 動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作句子的主語(yǔ)。動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞和過去 分詞都可以作定語(yǔ)，但所表達(dá)的意思不同,現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)常表示令人”、正在.”例如 exciting news, sleeping dogs;過去分詞則有被動(dòng)或完成的意思，常表示 感到.的”、被.的”例,如： an excited crowd of people, broken heart.2. I was very h

35、appy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and endsabout 3.30 p.m.我對(duì)英國(guó)學(xué)校的作息時(shí)間很滿意因?yàn)閷W(xué)校大約上午 9 點(diǎn)開始上課，下午 3 點(diǎn)半左右放學(xué)。 be happywith=be pleased with=be satisfied with,around=about。3. This means I could get up an hour later than usual as schools in China begin before 8 a.m. 這意味著我

36、可以晚一小時(shí)起床，因?yàn)樵谥袊?guó)學(xué)校 8 點(diǎn)鐘上課。mean: 意味著 , 后面通常加名詞或賓語(yǔ)從句。例如：The attack of Pear Harbor meant a declaration of war with the United States.The raise of salary means that I can send my daughter to a better school.mean: 打算 , mean to dohad meant to do: 本打算做某事，而事實(shí)上沒做成eg: I had meant to help you, but I was busy the

37、n.means: 方法，手段by this means:通過這種方法4. He also told us that the best way to earn respect from the school was to work hard and achieve highgrades.他還告訴我們贏得學(xué)校尊敬的最好方法是努力學(xué)習(xí)并取得好成績(jī)。The best way to do sth is to結(jié)構(gòu)用來(lái)表. 達(dá)做某事的最好方法是 ., 例如 :The best way to learn English is to use it as often as possible.5. I found

38、the homework was not as heavy as what I used to get in my old school, but it was a bitchallenging for me at first because all the homework was in English.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這兒的家庭作業(yè)沒有我原來(lái)學(xué)校的多， 但一開始對(duì)我有些挑戰(zhàn)性， 因?yàn)樗凶鳂I(yè)都是 英語(yǔ)的。as.as,否定形式：not as.as, not so中間 as 形容詞或副詞，一般要連接兩個(gè)相同的句子成分 , 請(qǐng)比較下面兩句話 :You hate him as much as I (=You

39、 hate him as much as I hate him).You hate him as much as me(=You hate him as much as you hate me).used to 過去常常 , 隱含的意思是現(xiàn)在的情況已經(jīng)不同。例如 :She used to study very hard. ( She does not study so hard any more).used to 過去常常做某事，它的否定形式是 usednt to/ didn t use to 注意： get/be used to sth/doing 表示習(xí)慣于 .6. Cooking was

40、 really fun as I learnt how to buy, prepare and cook food. 當(dāng)我學(xué)著怎樣買菜、洗菜、燒飯時(shí)，烹飪真的是一件有趣的事。fun 是不可數(shù)名詞 ,有趣的事情7. I do like eating desserts after meals as you mentioned in your article. 就像你在文章中提到的那樣，我的確喜歡在飯后吃甜食。do、 did 在陳述句中，用在動(dòng)詞前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，可譯作的確、確實(shí)。 eg: Do call me, please.School life (分塊整理)another three days th

41、ree other days three more days a time ofhard worklow-rise buildings (be) at ease with dream school life have noexperience in doing/be inexperienced in be happy with/be pleasedwith/ be satisfied with school hours than usualattend assembly/a meeting next tothe rules of the school the best way to do ea

42、rn respect from respectsb./show respect for sb. achieve high grades sound like (a good idea)class teacher on average not as as used to doa bit/a little / 例 a bit challenging not a bit not a littlespend (in) doing /on at lunchtime for free/free of charge on Monday evenings hold aclass party drop some

43、 subjectssuch as /for example/for in sta neemain mealon school field/in the field ofdifferent way of life get a general idea of word by wordencourage to do Welcome-reading1. 另外三天2. 努力工作的時(shí)代3. 低矮的建筑4.（與某人在一起）自由自在5. 理想的校園生活6. 沒有的經(jīng)驗(yàn)7. 對(duì)很高興、滿意8. 作息時(shí)間9. 比以往10. 參加集會(huì)、會(huì)議11. 緊挨、緊靠12. 校紀(jì)校規(guī)13. 做的最好方法14. 贏得的尊敬15. 尊敬某人16. 取得好的成績(jī)、高分17. 聽起來(lái)好像18. 班主任19. 平均20. 不如21. 過去常常（現(xiàn)在不這樣了）22. 有點(diǎn)23. 一點(diǎn)也不24. 非常25. 在上花費(fèi)（時(shí)間、金26. 午餐時(shí)間27. 免費(fèi)的28. 每逢星期一晚上29. 開班會(huì)30. 放棄一些科目31. 比如、例如32. 正餐33. 在操場(chǎng)上、在領(lǐng)域34.