主謂一致完美版(共8頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上主謂一致主謂一致：指主語和謂語要保持人稱和數(shù)上的一致，主語的“人稱”和“數(shù)”決定謂語動詞的變（概念） 化。 但是如果主語不是單一的，或主語名詞的數(shù)比較特殊時，其主謂一致一般要根據(jù) 語法一致意義一致就近原則。語法一致原則指主語是單數(shù)形式，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語是復(fù)數(shù)形式，謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)形式 Steve Ember is a good playerChildren like toys. 意義一致原則指主語形式上為單數(shù)但表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù)但表示單數(shù)意義

2、,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式My family are having lunch nowNews is travelling fast nowadays 就近原則謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式還是用復(fù)數(shù)形式取決于最靠近它的主語There is a knife and two forks on the deskEither you or he is to go 

3、;就遠(yuǎn)原則即謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致The teacher as well as her students likes classical music.一、 由連詞連接的名詞或代詞作主語時的主謂一致問題 1. 以and連接的兩個名詞作主語時，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)形式 如：Doing homework and going to school on time are good habits. 注意：當(dāng)and連接的兩個單數(shù)名詞在意義上指的是同一人，物或概念時，謂語用單數(shù) 如： The teacher and writer is popular with his students. (區(qū)別：The teach

4、er and the writer are) 二、就近原則: (即謂語動詞與后面的中心詞一致) or eitheror neither.nor not onlybut also 連接的詞作主語 + 謂語 not but There be 謂語與靠近的主語一致，就叫做就近原則 如：There is a pen and some books on the table. Neither his parents nor he doesnt look forward to this film.3、 就遠(yuǎn)原則: (即謂語動詞與前面的中心詞一致) with; together with; along wit

5、h；but; except; besides, including; as well as; in addition to, not; rather than; like 名詞A + + 名詞 B 這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)做主語，謂語動詞僅與 A 一致。如： All students but Tom have stayed here. 4、 “of ”的主謂一致 1、 分?jǐn)?shù) + of ; 百分?jǐn)?shù) + of some of ; half of ; most of ; the rest of ；. + 名詞 + 謂語 作主語時，謂語動詞取決于后面名詞的數(shù)。 如：Two thirds of villagers a

6、re willing to go out for work. 2、 由“a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of”和“名詞+of this kind”等，以及由與kind意義相似的type，sort，form，part，piece，section等構(gòu)成的類似短語作主語時，謂語動詞 與of前的名詞保持?jǐn)?shù)的一致。 如：     A kind of birds has been discovered by them他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種鳥。     A part of the book is no

7、t interesting這本書里有一部分內(nèi)容沒趣。     Parts of the book are very instructive這本書有幾部分內(nèi)容很有教育意義。     These are two different forms of the same thing這些是同一事物兩種不同的形式。 5、 代詞作主語時的主謂一致問題 1. any, either, neither, none, all, some等作主語時，視其在句中的意義，謂語動詞可用作 單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)。 1）a: 當(dāng) all 指 人 時，謂語用

8、復(fù)數(shù)。(注：all指三者或三者以上) 如： All are about to climb the mountains. （指人） b: 當(dāng) all 指 物 時，謂語用單數(shù)。 如： All goes well. （指物） 2）a: neither, （兩者都不） either （兩者中的任一個)作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù). 注： both 做主語，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：Neither of them is at home. Either of these two students gets good grades. b: 作定語與單數(shù)名詞連用,但neither nor, either.or., 用作并

9、列連詞,可與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連 用.其謂語采用就近原則. 3）none 無  a: none作主語,多與of 構(gòu)成短語 none of.在答語中,none可單獨(dú)使用. b: none作主語,謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)均可.但如做表語,則其單復(fù)數(shù)與表語一致. 如： It is none of your business. 4）many a 名詞單數(shù), more than one + 名詞單數(shù)作主語時, 謂語用單數(shù)。 但是， more +復(fù)數(shù)名詞+than one，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。六、倒裝句中的主謂一致 在主語和謂語倒裝的句子中，動詞的數(shù)應(yīng)和它后面的主語的數(shù)一致。 如：   

10、60; On the wall are some famous paintings墻上有一些著名的畫。     Between the two windows hangs a picture兩扇窗戶間有一幅畫。七、主語從句中的主謂一致 1.一個主語從句作主語相當(dāng)于第三人稱單數(shù)作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)； 2.如果由and連接兩個或兩個以上的主語從句作主語，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)； 3.由兩個或多個連接詞引導(dǎo)一個主語從句，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。八、名詞作主語時應(yīng)注意的幾個問題 （一）、下列情況謂語常用單數(shù)： 1、表時間，距離，金額，重量，數(shù)字等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞作“整體”看時, 如

11、：Two hours is quite enough. 2、表學(xué)科的名詞(physics)、書報名(the Times)、國名(the United States)或組織 名稱 (the United Nations)及news 3、名詞有each, every, no修飾時,被and /or 連接時，即使有多個并列的主語， 仍看作單數(shù)形式，謂語用單數(shù) 如：.Every desk and every chair is made of wood. 4、表示數(shù)量的“one and a half+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”作主語時，其謂語要用單數(shù)形式。 如：     One

12、and a half bananas is left on the table桌子上還剩有一個半香蕉。     One and a half hours is enough一個半小時足夠了。 （二）、下列情況謂語常用復(fù)數(shù) 1、the Olympic Games 奧林匹克運(yùn)動會 如：The Olympic Games are held in every four years. 2、有的名詞表示的是由兩個對稱的部分構(gòu)成的物品。如：trousers, glasses, shoes, gloves, shorts, scissors等，這類名詞作主語時，謂語常用

13、復(fù)數(shù) 但如果其前有a pair of, a kind of 修飾時， 則應(yīng)被看作單數(shù)形式，謂語常用 單數(shù) 3. the +形容詞/過去分詞” 表示一類人 4.表示群島、瀑布、山脈等以“-s”結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語時，謂語動詞往往用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：     The Philippines are in the Pacific Ocean菲律賓群島位于太平洋。      Rocky Mountains stand in the west of North America （三）、集體名詞作主語時，視其意義來決定謂語動詞的單復(fù)

14、數(shù)： 1) people, police, cattle等名詞，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù) 2) family, class, government，audience, class, committee, enemy等名詞 表示整體時，謂語常用單數(shù) 表其中的成員時，謂語常用復(fù)數(shù) 如：In fact, my family were all doctors. 事實(shí)上，我的家人全是醫(yī)生。 I have a happy family. 我擁有一個快樂的家庭。 （四）、who，which，what等疑問代詞及sueh作主語時，謂語動詞要根據(jù)其后的名詞 來決定其單復(fù)數(shù)形式。 注意：what引導(dǎo)的主語從句視后面

15、的表語而定。 What we waste is not just time but our life. What we need are desks. 如：Who is the girl over there?那邊的那個女孩是誰? （五）、a number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 謂語復(fù)數(shù) 大量，許多 The number of + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + 謂語單數(shù) .的數(shù)量 （六）、a large quantity（amount) of + 名詞，謂語常用單數(shù) quantities (amounts) of + 名詞 ， 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 許多，大量（七）、“a majority of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞”用作主語

16、時，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù) 。  （八）、one of 后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語時,表示什么中的一個,謂語用單數(shù)。 如：One of the apples has gone bad. 但是要注意下面的定語從句： 1、He is one of the boys who like playing football. 定語從句修飾the boys. 2、He is the only one of the boys who enjoys playing basketball.one前面有定冠詞 the的時候,定語從句是修飾one的,所以動詞要用單數(shù)形式. 主謂練習(xí)題1. The o

17、ld _well looked after by the government in China.A. is B. are C. has been D. was2. The secretary and manager _very busy now.A. is B. are C. was D. were3. Both the secretary and the manager _agreed to attend the meeting.A. has B. have C. are D. was4. Tom as well as two of his classmates _invited to t

18、he party.A. was B. were C. have been D. had been5. Either you or I _going to the teachers' office after class.A. am B. is C. are D. will6. Most of his spare time _spent in reading.A. are B. were C. was D. have been7. This is one of the best novels that _appeared this year.A.have been B. has C. h

19、ad been D. have8. Ten thousand dollars _quite a large sum.A.are  B. is  C. were  D. have9. About 20 percent of the work _done yesterday.A. are  B. is  C. were  D . was10. Mr Smith， together with his children， _arrived.A.are B. has  C. is  D. Have 11. It _I who

20、 _leaving for London.A.isis  B. amis  C. isam  D. amam12. Not only Tom but also his wife _fond of watching television.A. are  B. were  C. be  D. Is13. When and where to build the new factory _yet.A. is not decided  B. are not decidedC. has not decided  D. have

21、 not decided14. Although the first part of the book is easy， the rest _.A. are difficult   B. has proved difficultC. is supposed difficultD. have been found difficult15. That they were wrong in these matters _ now clear to us all.A. is  B. was  C. are  D. were16. Half of his

22、 goods _ stolen the other day.A. are  B. were  C. is  D. was17. Mathematics _the language of science.A. are  B. are going to be  C. is  D. is to be18. Each of the students _ a Chinese-English dictionary.A. have  B. has  C. there is  D. there are19. They e

23、ach _ a beautiful handkerchief.A. have  B. has  C. there is  D. there are20. Between the two rows of trees _the teaching building.A. stand B. stands C. standing D. are21. This pair of shoes _made in Nanjing.A.is  B. are  C. have been  D. had been22. No one except my par

24、ents _anything about it.A. know  B. knowsC. is knowing  D. have known23. A number of students _from the south.A. are  B. is  C. have  D. has 24. The number of students from the north _small.A.are  B. is  C. have  D. has25. Writing stories and articles _what I enjoy most，A.is B. are C. was D. were26. His "Selected Poems" _first published in 1965.A.were  B. was  C. has been  D. are27. Miss Smith is a friend of _.A. Mary's mother's  B. Mary's motherC