英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)課程學(xué)習(xí)指南

1、 “英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)”課程學(xué)習(xí)指南一、課程基礎(chǔ)：英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)的對(duì)象主要針對(duì)經(jīng)過大學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)階段學(xué)習(xí)，英語水平已經(jīng)具備了一定的基礎(chǔ)，需要進(jìn)一步提高英語應(yīng)用能力的學(xué)生。本課程為選修課。二、適應(yīng)對(duì)象：全校文、理科各專業(yè)學(xué)生。 三、教學(xué)目的：本課程的學(xué)習(xí)有助于學(xué)生打好語言功底，提高英漢兩種語言能力，同時(shí)對(duì)翻譯技巧有一定了解，尤其對(duì)提高學(xué)生的語言應(yīng)用能力有一定的幫助，有助于學(xué)生提高英漢互譯水平。本課程的目的在于使學(xué)生具備筆頭翻譯的基本能力，力圖在培養(yǎng)交際語言能力的同時(shí)，增強(qiáng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新思維和實(shí)踐工作的能力，以達(dá)到充分體現(xiàn)素質(zhì)教育，全面提高學(xué)生的跨文化交際能力，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的綜合文化素質(zhì)，擴(kuò)展國際視野。其主要目的和任

2、務(wù)是向?qū)W生系統(tǒng)傳授基本翻譯理論及常用英漢翻譯方法與技巧，通過大量的翻譯實(shí)踐使學(xué)生掌握英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)理論知識(shí)，了解翻譯基本要求和規(guī)律，初步培養(yǎng)英譯漢實(shí)踐能力。針對(duì)非師范方向?qū)W生的特點(diǎn)和就業(yè)去向，本課程的教學(xué)重心向?qū)嵱梅g傾斜，即加大非文學(xué)翻譯材料的練習(xí)量，為學(xué)生畢業(yè)后從事相關(guān)翻譯工作做好準(zhǔn)備。通過介紹各類文體語言的特點(diǎn)、漢英兩種語言的對(duì)比和分析以及各種不同文體的翻譯方法，使學(xué)生掌握英漢雙語翻譯的基本理論，掌握英漢詞語、長句及各種文體的翻譯技巧和英漢互譯的能力。要求譯文比較準(zhǔn)確、流暢，翻譯速度達(dá)到每小時(shí)250-300字。四、內(nèi)容提要：本課程通過我國翻譯史簡(jiǎn)介使學(xué)生了解我國翻譯史和各個(gè)時(shí)期翻譯的主要特

3、點(diǎn)。通過翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、過程及對(duì)譯者要求的介紹使學(xué)生了解英漢翻譯的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和翻譯過程，明確一個(gè)稱職譯者應(yīng)具備的各種條件。通過英漢兩種語言的對(duì)比，使學(xué)生了解英漢兩種語言在詞匯和句法上各自的特點(diǎn)和兩者的異同。通過詞義的選擇、引申和褒貶、詞類轉(zhuǎn)譯法、增詞法、重復(fù)法、省略法、正反、分句合句法、被動(dòng)語態(tài)的譯法、名詞從句、定語從句的譯法、狀語從句的譯法、長句的譯法、習(xí)語的譯法等使學(xué)生掌握英語漢譯的各種方法和技巧。通過各種體裁篇章的翻譯與賞析了解不同體裁文章的特點(diǎn)及翻譯方式。五、自主學(xué)習(xí) 授課模式：基于計(jì)算機(jī)和課堂的英語多媒體教學(xué)模式是為了幫助學(xué)生達(dá)到大學(xué)英語應(yīng)用提高階段教學(xué)要求所設(shè)計(jì)的一種新型英語教學(xué)模式。強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)

4、性化教學(xué)與自主學(xué)習(xí)，以及教師可通過課堂進(jìn)行輔導(dǎo)，傳授知識(shí)和技能的特點(diǎn)，使學(xué)生可在教師的指導(dǎo)下，根據(jù)自己的特點(diǎn)、水平、時(shí)間，選擇合適的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，借助計(jì)算機(jī)的幫助，迅速提高自己的英語綜合實(shí)用能力，達(dá)到最佳學(xué)習(xí)效果。1、教學(xué)模式的構(gòu)成教學(xué)對(duì)象： 學(xué)生 教學(xué)內(nèi)容： 英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)教學(xué)環(huán)境： 計(jì)算機(jī)（單機(jī)或網(wǎng)絡(luò)） 課堂教學(xué) 教學(xué)方式： 自學(xué)+輔導(dǎo) 面試 教學(xué)組織者： 教師 教學(xué)管理：教務(wù)處、教師和計(jì)算機(jī)管理軟件 圖一、基于計(jì)算機(jī)和課堂的英語多媒體教學(xué)模式2、基于計(jì)算機(jī)的英語學(xué)習(xí)過程大學(xué)外語應(yīng)用提高教學(xué)階段各門課程采用“以傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式為主，以網(wǎng)絡(luò)自主學(xué)習(xí)模式為輔”的教學(xué)模式。如下圖： 初始測(cè)驗(yàn) 學(xué)習(xí)課程 每

5、課測(cè)試 合 格 進(jìn)入下一課程學(xué)習(xí) 已學(xué)到應(yīng)該接受輔導(dǎo)的課程 繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí) 接受面授輔導(dǎo) 輔導(dǎo)通過 圖二、基于計(jì)算機(jī)的英語學(xué)習(xí)過程六、自主學(xué)習(xí) 學(xué)習(xí)方法：依據(jù)建構(gòu)主義學(xué)習(xí)理論，在教學(xué)中采用自主學(xué)習(xí)、討論學(xué)習(xí)等教學(xué)方法 ，采用學(xué)生為主體進(jìn)行自主學(xué)習(xí)和訓(xùn)練及教師為主導(dǎo)進(jìn)行講授相結(jié)合的教學(xué)方法。通過課前預(yù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備、課堂情景體驗(yàn)、課堂知識(shí)歸納、課堂及課后知識(shí)和語言運(yùn)用等四個(gè)階段的教學(xué)活動(dòng)設(shè)計(jì)，倡導(dǎo)體驗(yàn)式自主學(xué)習(xí)以任務(wù)型和小組合作、案例教學(xué)方法為依托，體驗(yàn)英語語言和文化知識(shí)學(xué)習(xí)的過程，在實(shí)踐中學(xué)，以學(xué)習(xí)者已有的語言知識(shí)及文化知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)為整個(gè)學(xué)習(xí)過程的出發(fā)點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)通過學(xué)習(xí)者積極、主動(dòng)地參與各種真實(shí)目的語中語言、文

6、化現(xiàn)象和實(shí)踐活動(dòng)來學(xué)習(xí)。七、自主學(xué)習(xí) 評(píng)價(jià)大學(xué)英語自主學(xué)習(xí)強(qiáng)調(diào)集診斷性、形成性、終結(jié)性評(píng)估為一體的評(píng)價(jià)體系，突出學(xué)生的過程性評(píng)價(jià)、自評(píng)與互評(píng)，通過課堂活動(dòng)和課外活動(dòng)的記錄、網(wǎng)上自學(xué)記錄、學(xué)習(xí)檔案記錄、訪談和座談等形式對(duì)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)過程進(jìn)行觀察、評(píng)估和監(jiān)督，促進(jìn)學(xué)生有效地學(xué)習(xí)，有效地提高學(xué)生的自主學(xué)習(xí)能力。英漢翻譯基礎(chǔ)Chapter 1. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to: 1. get to know the objectives and feature of this lesson2. get

7、to know the basic types of translation3. get to know translation theory abroad and inner China1) What is translation?2) Why do we learn translation?3) The principles of translation4) How to translate well?5) Process of Translation. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should talk about the

8、 following questions: l What is translation?l Why do you learn translation? l How can you translate well?2. The points to be highlighted:l The principles of translationl Process of translation3. Study the chapter in detail:l Learn the principle of translationØ 支謙（三國）；道安（東晉）；鳩摩羅什（六朝）；Ø 彥琮（隋

9、）；玄奘（唐）；Ø 嚴(yán)復(fù)；魯迅；傅雷；錢鐘書；許淵沖；l Learn the process of translationØ ComprehensionØ Adequate RepresentationØ Proofreadingl Learn the definition of translation翻譯是運(yùn)用一種語言把另一種語言所表達(dá)的思想、內(nèi)容，準(zhǔn)確而完整地重新表達(dá)出來的語言活動(dòng)。 Translation is an activity comprising the interpretation of the meaning of a text in

10、 one languagethe source textand the production of a new, equivalent text in another languagethe target text, also called the translation.l Translate the sentences in handouts.4. Practical exercisesl Offer some time to do the exercises in handouts. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “

11、not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I could discuss the warm-up questions actively .1 2 3 4 5 I could master the basic principle of tran

12、slation.1 2 3 4 5 I could master the process of translation.1 2 3 4 5 I finished the exercises independently.Chapter 2. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to: 1. Get to know the main translation techniques 2. Apply the translation techniques . Procedures 1. Before studying t

13、he chapter, translate the following sentences:1) We must clear away this biggest obstacle，the removal of which depends on the joint efforts of the Chinese and American governments2) We got the news that the delegation was due to arrive at the airport at 3:15 p.m. on May 12, 2001.3) I can imagine the

14、 almost insuperable obstacles to the unity of 800 million people2. The points to be highlighted:l Translation techniques3. Study the chapter in detail:l Translate the sentences by using different techniques英譯漢常用技巧:Ø 拆分Ø 轉(zhuǎn)換Ø 換序Ø 增補(bǔ)Ø 正反Ø 重復(fù)Ø 減省Ø 合并譯法 Ø 轉(zhuǎn)態(tài)譯法

15、4. Practical exercisesl Offer some time to do the exercises in handouts. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 means “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning o

16、f this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I know what the translation techniques are.1 2 3 4 5 I could translate the sentences by using different techniques.Chapter 3. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to: 1. get to know more about translation2. why there would be errors in translation. Pro

17、cedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should translate the following sentences:l Please tell me, if you can help us.l Im sure Ill beat John this time.l We have no spring here.2. The points to be highlighted:l overloaded translationl under-loaded translation3. Study the chapter in detail:l Tran

18、slate the sentences by taking overloaded and under-loaded translation into account1- 主語和謂語2- 深層結(jié)構(gòu)和表層結(jié)構(gòu)3- 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)4- 條件和虛擬5- 否定的形式6- 動(dòng)賓和動(dòng)補(bǔ)關(guān)系7 約定俗成的成語及英美文化差異8 語用意義的理解（褒貶輕重、語體色彩）9 語體色彩4. Practical exercisesl Offer some time to do the exercises in handouts. Self-assessments: On a scale 1 to 5, where 1 me

19、ans “not at all,” 2 means “not very well”, 3 means “moderately well,” 4 means “well,” and 5 means “very well,” rate how well you have mastered the objectives set at the beginning of this Chapter:1 2 3 4 5 I mastered the fundamental theories of translation errors 1 2 3 4 5 I could basically recognize

20、 the errors made in translation.Chapter 4. Learning ObjectivesAfter learning this chapter you are able to translate passages of different genres. Procedures 1. Before studying the chapter, you should answer the following questions:l What translation technique did you use in translating the passages?l What other factors do you think you should also concentrate on in translation?And read the following knowledg