C實驗四多態(tài)程序設(shè)計

1、天津理工大學實驗報告學院（系）名稱： 計算機與通信工程學院姓 名學號專業(yè)計算機科學與技術(shù)班級教學二班實驗項目實驗四多態(tài)程序設(shè)計課程名稱咼級程序設(shè)計語言II課程代碼0667026實驗時間2016年11月11日第7、8節(jié)實驗地點計算機軟件實驗室 7-215批改意見成績教師簽字：實驗目的：（1）理解類和對象的概念；（2）掌握類與對象的定義方法；（3）理解類的成員的訪問控制的含義，公有和私有成員的區(qū)別；（4）掌握構(gòu)造函數(shù)和析構(gòu)函數(shù)的含義與作用、定義方式和實現(xiàn)；（5）能夠根據(jù)給定的要求定義類并實現(xiàn)類的成員函數(shù)；（6）掌握string類的使用方法（7）了解C+面向?qū)ο蟪绦蛟O(shè)計的基本思想、基本方法和基本步驟

2、；（8）掌握 MS Visual C+6.0或DEV C+調(diào)試C+程序的基本方法、基本步驟。實驗內(nèi)容：1.疋義Point類，有坐標x,y兩個成員變量，利用友兀函數(shù)對Point類重載 +運算符，頭現(xiàn)對坐標值的改變。具體要求如下：（1）編與程序疋義Point類，在類中疋義整型的私有成員變量x,y ；（2）在類中定義兩個友元函數(shù)，分別重載前置+和后置+ ；（3）編寫主函數(shù)測試。注意函數(shù)有無返回值的區(qū)別，以及返回值是否帶有&應(yīng)用符號。代碼：#include viostream>using namespace std;class Pointprivate:double x,y;public

3、:Point(double _x=0,double _y=0) x=_x;y=_y;Point()void setx(double _x)x=_x;void sety(double _y)y=_y; double getx()return x;double gety()return y;friend void operatorvv(ostream &out,const Point &p) outvv"Point("vvp.xvv","vvp.yvv")n"friend void operator+(Point &

4、; p,int); friend void operator+(Point & p);；void operator+(Point &p,int)p.x+;p.y+;void operator+(Point &p)+p.x;+p.y;int main() Point a(1,1),b(3,4); coutvva; coutvvb; a+;+b; coutvva; coutvvb; return 0;運行結(jié)果如下：C FA翹密W鞍匚+爆驗源代碼直題臥|Point(1J) Point(3,4) Point(2,2) Point(4,5)Process exited with

5、return value 0 Press any key to cont inue * . +2. 定義Point類，有坐標x,y兩個成員變量，利用運算符重載對Point類重載“ + ”運算符，實現(xiàn)對坐標值的改變。具體要求如下：(1) 編寫程序定義Point類，在類中定義整型的私有成員變量x,y ；(2) 定義成員函數(shù) Point& operator+(); Point operator+(int);以實現(xiàn)對 Point 類重載“ + ”運算 符，分別重載前置+和后置+ ；(3) 編寫主函數(shù)測試。源代碼如下：#include viostream>using namespace s

6、td;class Pointprivate:double x,y;public:Point(double _x=0,double _y=0) x=_x;y=_y;Point()void setx(double _x)x= x;void sety(double _y)y=_y;double getx()return x;double gety() return y;friend void operatorvv(ostream &out,const Point &p) outvv"Point("vvp.xvv","vvp.yvv")

7、n"Point operator+(int)x+=2;y+=2;return *this;Point &operator+()+x;+y; return *this;int main()Point a(1,1),b(3,4);coutvva;coutvvb;a+;+b;coutvva;coutvvb;return 0;運行結(jié)果如下：3. 定義一個分數(shù)類，通過重載運算符實現(xiàn)分數(shù)的四則運算、求負運算和賦值運算。其中，要求加法+和減法用友元函數(shù)實現(xiàn)重載，其他運算符用成員函數(shù)實現(xiàn)重載。代碼：#include viostream>#include <cmath>Usi

8、ng namespace std;class Fenshuprivate:int zi;int mu;public:Fenshu(int _zi=0,int _mu=1)zi=_zi;mu=_mu;Fenshu()void setzi(int _zi=0)zi=_zi;void setmu(int _mu=1)mu=_mu;int getzi()return zi;int getmu()return mu;void print();friend Fenshu operator+(const Fenshu & f1,const Fenshu & f2); friend Fensh

9、u operator-(const Fenshu & f1,const Fenshu & f2); Fenshu operator*(int n )Fenshu x;x.zi=zi*n;x.mu=mu; return x; Fenshu operator/(int n)if(n=0)coutvv"Nagetive!" return *this;Fenshu x;x.zi=zi;x.mu=mu*n; return x;Fenshu operator-。Fenshu x;x.zi=-zi;x.mu=mu; return x;void operator=(cons

10、t Fenshu & f)zi=f.zi; mu=f.mu;Fenshu operator+(const Fenshu & f1,const Fenshu & f2)Fenshu f;f.zi=f1.zi*f2.mu+f2.zi*f1.mu;f.mu=f1.mu*f2.mu;return f;Fenshu operator-(const Fenshu & f1,const Fenshu & f2)Fenshu f;f.zi=f1.zi*f2.mu-f2.zi*f1.mu;f.mu=f1.mu*f2.mu; return f;void Fenshu:pri

11、nt()if(zi=0)coutvv0vvendl;elseint _zi=abs(zi>mu?zi:mu),_mu=abs(mu<zi?mu:zi); int x;x=_zi % _mu;while(x!=0)_mu=_zi;_zi=x; x=_mu % _zi;zi/=(_zi>_mu?_mu:_zi); mu/=(_zi>_mu?_mu:_zi); coutvvzivv"/"vvmu<vendl;int main()Fenshu x(2,4),y(4,4);Fenshu z,a,b,c,d,e;z=x+y;a=y-x; b=x-y;c=-

12、x;d=y*(-1); e=y/2;乙 print();a. print();b. print();c. print();d. print();e. print(); return 0;運行結(jié)果如下：13/2 卩/21/2-1/2 -1/1>1/2Process exitd with re-turn value 0 rress any key to cc-nt inue 4. 編寫程序，定義抽象基類Container,由此派生出2個派生類球體類 Sphere,圓柱體類Cylinder，分別用虛函數(shù)分別計算表面積和體積。.” ，243(1) 球體的表面積為：4二r，球體的體積為 一 r ;

13、圓柱表面積為：2 nR ( h+R)3圓柱體的體積 n R2h(2) 定義相應(yīng)的對象，編寫主函數(shù)測試。代碼如下：#include viostream>using namespace std;const double Pl=3.14;class Containerprivate:double r;double h;public:Container()Container(double _r=0.0,double _h=0.0)r=_r;h=_h;void setr(double _r=0.0)r=_r;double getr()return r;void seth(double _h=0.0

14、)h=_h;double geth()return h;virtual double s()=0;virtual double v()=0;；class Sphere:public Containerpublic:Sphere()Sphere(double _r=0.0):Container(_r)double s()return 4*PI*getr()*getr();double v()return (double(4)/3)*PI*getr()*getr()*getr();class Cylinder:public Containerpublic:Cylinder()Cylinder(do

15、uble _r=0.0,double _h=0.0):Container(_r,_h) double s()return 2*PI*getr()*(geth()+getr();double v()return 2*PI*getr()*geth();；int main()Container *p;Sphere a(1);Cylinder b(1,2);P=& a;cout«"Sphere s="vvp->s()vv" v="vvp->v()vvendl; p=&b;coutvv"Cylinder s=&quo

16、t;vvp->s()vv" v="vvp->v()vvendl;return 0;運行結(jié)果如下：*F：筆商創(chuàng)鞍匚+僅驗源代碼實驗四4心eSphere s=12.56 v=4.18667Cyl inder s=18.84 v=12.56Process exited with return value 0 Press any key to cont inje + *5. 設(shè)計一個時鐘類 TIME，內(nèi)含數(shù)據(jù)成員 hour, mi nu te , seco nd表示時間，成員函數(shù)set()設(shè)置時間數(shù)據(jù)，show()顯示時間數(shù)據(jù)。重載運算符+和-(具有返回值)，每執(zhí)行一次

17、+，seco nd自增1，執(zhí)行一次-,seco nd自減1。seco nd和mi nute的值在059區(qū)間循環(huán)(滿59后再自增則歸 0, min ute加1 ； seco nd為0時再自減則為 59， mi nute減1)。 hour的值在023區(qū)間循環(huán)。源代碼如下：#include viostream>using namespace std;class Timeprivate:int hour;int minute;int second;public:Time(int=0,int=0,int=0);Time()void sethour(int);void setminute(int);

18、void setsecond(int);int gethour();int getsecond();int getminute();void set(int=0,int=0,int=0); void show();Time & operator+(int); Time & operator-(int); ;Time:Time(int h,int m,int s) if(s>59)s%=60; m=m+s/60; if(m>59) m%=60; h=h+m /60;if(h>23) h%=24; hour=h; minute=m; second=s;void T

19、ime:sethour(int h)if(h>23) h%=24; hour=h;void Time:setminute(int m) if(minute>59)minute%=60; hour=hour+minute/60; if(hour>23) hour%=24; minute=m;void Time:setsecond(int s) if(s>59)minute=minute+s/60; s%=60; if(minute>59) hour=hour+minute/60; minute%=60; if(hour>23) hour%=24;second=

20、s;int Time:gethour() return hour;int Time:getsecond() return second;int Time:getminute() return minute;void Time:set(int h,int m,int s) if(s>59)m=m+s/60; s%=60; if(m>59) h=h+m /60; m%=60;if(h>23) h%=24; hour=h;minute=m; second=s;void Time:show()coutvvhourvv":"vvminutevv":&quo

21、t;vvsecondvvendl;Time & Time:operator+(int)second+;if(second>59)minute=minute+second/60; second%=60;if(minute>59)hour=hour+minute /60; minute%=60;if(hour>23) hour%=24; return *this;Time & Time:operator-(int)second-;if(secondvO)minute-; second=59; if(minutevO)minute=59; hour-;if(hour

22、<0)hour=0; return *this;int main()Time t;int x,y,z;char temp;coutvv"現(xiàn)在初始化計數(shù)器(Hour Minute Second ): cin>>x;cin>>y;cin>>z;t.set(x,y,z);coutw"現(xiàn)在時間是："；t.show();docoutvv"輸入*重新設(shè)置計數(shù)器；"vvendl;coutvv"輸入+計數(shù)器遞加，輸入-計數(shù)器遞減；"vvendl;coutvv"輸入字母o計數(shù)器清零；"vvendl;coutvv"輸入q退出計數(shù)器。"vvendl;coutvv"請輸入 >"cin»temp;switch(temp)case '*':coutvv"現(xiàn)在初始化計數(shù)器(Hour Minute Second): cin>>x;cin>>y;cin>>z;t.set(x,y,z);coutvv"現(xiàn)在時間是："t.show(); break;case '+':t+;coutvv"現(xiàn)在時間是：&