高一英語(yǔ)必修一Unit4earthquakeslanguagepoints知識(shí)點(diǎn)1

1、rise (rise、rose、risen ) vi. (指日月星辰煙等的指日月星辰煙等的)升起，水位價(jià)格溫度的上升升起，水位價(jià)格溫度的上升 =go up ; 起身起身=get up n.增加增加 增長(zhǎng)增長(zhǎng) 起伏起伏=increaseraise vt. 抬高抬高 提高提高 養(yǎng)育養(yǎng)育 飼養(yǎng)（有被動(dòng)）飼養(yǎng)（有被動(dòng)）1. The sun rises in the east. 2. He rose from his chair and began his speech.3. There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work.

2、7. His job is raising chickens. 8. They _ their arms and waved to us with joy. A rose B raised B4. Prices continue to rise.6.The price of the tomatoes has been _ recently.raised5.Her temperature is still_.risingsmelly : smell+ y = adj. smell n./v (smelt/ smelled)2. A _ gas came _ _ the cracks.smelly

3、out of health wealth 裂縫里冒出臭氣。擴(kuò)展: n.+y構(gòu)成形容詞 blood- mud- sun- cloud- rain- wind- taste- dream- ice- greed- fat- fog-3. burst vi.vt. (burst-burst-burst) 使某物爆炸，脹破，爆破, 破裂burst in/into a door/ room /building 突然進(jìn)入門/房間/大樓1. 他沒有敲門就突然進(jìn)入房間.He burst into the room without knocking at the door.The plane crashed a

4、nd burst into flames.2.飛機(jī)墜毀起火了.All of them burst out laughing/crying /singing.3. 他們?nèi)纪蝗恍ζ饋?哭起來/唱起來.=All of them burst into laughter/tears/songs.burst into sth. = burst out doing 突然起來burst out +v-ing :suddenly begin doing sth擴(kuò)展擴(kuò)展: burst into leafburs into flower長(zhǎng)出葉子長(zhǎng)出葉子開花開花n. a burst of .一陣一陣. a burs

5、t of laughter /thunder /applause(歡呼）歡呼）4. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night.think little of these events 對(duì)這些情況幾乎沒有怎么對(duì)這些情況幾乎沒有怎么去考慮、沒當(dāng)一回事去考慮、沒當(dāng)一回事think little of think nothing of think badly/poorly /ill of think well/much / hig

6、hly/a lot/ a great deal of 對(duì)對(duì)看法不好，評(píng)價(jià)很低看法不好，評(píng)價(jià)很低不重視，忽視不重視，忽視認(rèn)為沒什么認(rèn)為沒什么對(duì)對(duì)重視重視/高度評(píng)價(jià)高度評(píng)價(jià)1.校長(zhǎng)對(duì)你的進(jìn)步評(píng)價(jià)很高校長(zhǎng)對(duì)你的進(jìn)步評(píng)價(jià)很高。The headmaster thought highly of your progress.think of 想起，考慮想起，考慮2. To tell you the truth, I _ Tom, who is very lazy and never knows what to do .think poorly of 5. It seemed as if the world

7、was at an end. 世界似乎到了末日。世界似乎到了末日。as if = as though 好像好像 引出方式狀語(yǔ)從句引出方式狀語(yǔ)從句 She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我她和我說話的神情，好像她早就認(rèn)識(shí)我 似的。似的。 as if 在表語(yǔ)從句中相當(dāng)于在表語(yǔ)從句中相當(dāng)于that: It seemed as if/that the meeting would never end. 看看起來會(huì)議沒完沒了。起來會(huì)議沒完沒了。1)虛擬語(yǔ)氣（說話者主觀想象或夸大的比喻）虛擬語(yǔ)氣（說話者主觀想象或夸大的比喻）2)陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣

8、,時(shí)態(tài)一致時(shí)態(tài)一致When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it were broken 當(dāng)鉛筆一部分放進(jìn)水里，看起來好像折斷了似的。當(dāng)鉛筆一部分放進(jìn)水里，看起來好像折斷了似的。(虛擬虛擬) It looks as if its going to rain 看樣子天要下雨了?？礃幼犹煲掠炅恕?陳述語(yǔ)氣陳述語(yǔ)氣)（是事實(shí)或可能性很大是事實(shí)或可能性很大）as if 后的從句可用兩種語(yǔ)氣后的從句可用兩種語(yǔ)氣6. at an end= finished 結(jié)束，終結(jié)（作表語(yǔ)）結(jié)束，終結(jié)（作表語(yǔ)） We were very h

9、appy when the work was at an end.Compare: at the end of by the end of in the endat the end of “在在盡頭；在盡頭；在末末” by the end of “到到/截止截止末末”；主句一般用完成主句一般用完成時(shí)時(shí)in the end 意思意思“最后、終于最后、終于”= at last/ finally 1. Wash your hands _ the experiment.at the end of2. How many English words had you learned _ last term?

10、by the end of3. He tried various jobs and_ became a teacher.in the endbring/put an end to 使終止使終止come to an end. 結(jié)束結(jié)束end up with 以以.而告終而告終其他詞組：其他詞組：The job came to an end last month.Her sudden arrival put an end to their meeting.她的忽然來到使他們的會(huì)議終止了。At the dinner we usually begin with soup and end up with

11、 fruit.在宴會(huì)上，開始的一道菜通常是湯，最后的一道是水果。7.In fifteen terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.在可怕的15秒鐘內(nèi)，一座大城市就沉淪在一片廢墟之中。 lie( lay lain) 處于某種狀態(tài);躺，平躺，平臥 平放1.The whole factory has lain waste for many years.整個(gè)工廠多年來一直荒蕪在那里。2. He let the farm go to ruin.他讓農(nóng)場(chǎng)敗落了。go to ruin = fall into ruin 衰落衰落, 敗落敗落lie/be in ru

12、ins 成為廢墟成為廢墟in ruins 荒蕪的荒蕪的,成為廢墟成為廢墟,一般用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)一般用作表語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)An earthquake left the whole town in ruins.His career is in ruins . The city _ (成為廢墟）成為廢墟）after the war.lay/was in ruins口訣口訣:規(guī)則的規(guī)則的“撒謊撒謊”，不規(guī)，不規(guī)則的則的“躺躺”，躺，躺過就過就“下蛋下蛋”。 (lie當(dāng)當(dāng)“說謊說謊”用，它的過去式用，它的過去式和過去分詞都為和過去分詞都為lied，而當(dāng)，而當(dāng)“躺躺”用時(shí)，它的過去用時(shí)，它的過去式為式為“下蛋下蛋”

13、即即lay) 中文中文 原形原形過過 去去 式式過去過去分分詞詞現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在分分詞詞說明說明放置放置產(chǎn)產(chǎn)卵卵laylaidlaidlaying及物動(dòng)及物動(dòng)詞詞躺躺;位于位于lielaylainlying不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞說謊說謊 lieliedliedlying不及物不及物動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞8分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法分?jǐn)?shù)的表示法分子分母基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞分子大于一，分母用復(fù)數(shù)分子大于一，分母用復(fù)數(shù)三分之一三分之一one- third五分之三五分之三 three-fifthstwo and three-fifths ? a quarter ？ Two thirds of the land is covered by fore

14、st.2. One fifth of the students in this class are girls1. 三分之二的陸地為森林所覆蓋三分之二的陸地為森林所覆蓋這個(gè)班里五分之一的學(xué)生是女生這個(gè)班里五分之一的學(xué)生是女生3.More than 61% of the surface of the earth _ covered by water.4. Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.isare口頭翻譯口頭翻譯:李平的弟弟年紀(jì)太小而不能參軍。李平的弟弟年紀(jì)太小而不能參軍。Li Pings brother is too

15、 young to join the army.=Li Pings brother is not old enough to join .聽到這個(gè)消息他緊張地說不出話來。聽到這個(gè)消息他緊張地說不出話來。Hearing the good news,he was too nervous to speak. In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.9.tooto 太太以至于不能以至于不能 (表否定表否定)“tooto”結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有結(jié)構(gòu)之前帶有only,but,never,not,時(shí)，時(shí)，是強(qiáng)調(diào)是強(qiáng)

16、調(diào)肯定肯定的表示法，譯作的表示法，譯作“非常非常”“十分十分”“實(shí)在實(shí)在”真是太真是太”等等I am only too happy to teach you.我非常高興教你們。我非常高興教你們。He is but too glad to do so他非常喜歡這樣做他非常喜歡這樣做You can never be too old to enjoy a song.我們絕對(duì)不會(huì)老得不能享受歌曲帶來的歡樂我們絕對(duì)不會(huì)老得不能享受歌曲帶來的歡樂Tooto. 結(jié)構(gòu)中帶有表示結(jié)構(gòu)中帶有表示心情心情或或描繪性描繪性的的adj/adv時(shí)也表達(dá)肯定含義時(shí)也表達(dá)肯定含義Eg. ready, eager, satis

17、fied, kind, willing, anxious etcShe is too ready to help other.他樂于助人。他樂于助人。I am too eager to have a world trip.我很想去環(huán)球旅行我很想去環(huán)球旅行10. hurt injure wound 指肉體上，也可指精神上的指肉體上，也可指精神上的傷害也可指?jìng)σ部芍浮疤弁?，痛苦疼痛，痛苦”指由于意外或事故而受傷指由于意外或事故而受傷指外傷，如槍傷指外傷，如槍?刀傷刀傷,劍傷劍傷,尤尤指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷指在戰(zhàn)斗中受傷 He fell off the bicycle and his arm.3. My

18、 knees and my feet hurt too.injuredhurtHis words _her feelings.It _the eyes to read in the sun.More than 200 people were _in the car accident.The soldiers were _-in the battle.hurthurtsinjuredwounded n.震驚震驚 打擊打擊 His sudden death was a great shock to his family.shock vt. 使震驚使震驚 使震動(dòng)使震動(dòng)shock 震驚的用法 Peop

19、le _ (shock). 我們對(duì)這個(gè)消息感到震驚。were shockedWe _ the news.were shocked at The news is _(shock)shocking 表示情感的動(dòng)詞 excite, surprise, interest, bore, move, shock, disappoint, satisfy,(驚訝，興趣，乏味，感動(dòng)， 失望 ，滿意）變?yōu)樾稳菰~時(shí)可加ing(指物）或加ed (指人）考點(diǎn)考點(diǎn) last在此句中意為在此句中意為“持續(xù)，延續(xù)持續(xù)，延續(xù)”?？蓡为?dú)使用，也可后接可單獨(dú)使用，也可后接for +一段時(shí)間一段時(shí)間（for可以省略）?？梢允÷裕?。

20、The meeting _(持續(xù)）持續(xù)）two hours. People began to wonder how long the disaster would last. 12. last 持續(xù)lastedIt is no wonder (that )= No wonder (that)wonder13.People began to _how long the disaster would last.wonder vt. 想知道，對(duì)-感到懷疑She wondered what the child was doing.-Tom often works deep into the night

21、 every day.-No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.14. rescue n. 搭救；解救搭救；解救;營(yíng)救營(yíng)救The rescue team reached the mines at once after the accident happened.v. 解救；救出；營(yíng)救解救；救出；營(yíng)救He rescued the man from drowning.rescue workers = rescuers e / go to ones rescue來援救某人We _ （來救他）and pulled him out of th

22、e lake.came to his rescue15. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400 000.傷亡的人數(shù)達(dá)到400 000.He sent his son to join the army as soon as he reached 18.Your letter of August 24 only reached me today.Weve got to reach an agreement about this question.The boy wasnt tall enough

23、to reach the branches.The park reaches as far as the river.達(dá)到達(dá)到(指某種數(shù)目指某種數(shù)目)抵達(dá)抵達(dá),傳到傳到達(dá)成達(dá)成(協(xié)議協(xié)議)得出得出(結(jié)論結(jié)論)伸手夠到伸手夠到(某物某物)某地發(fā)生地震的表達(dá)法：Another big quake ,which is as strong as the first one _Tangshan.shook2008年5月12日下午2點(diǎn)28分四川發(fā)生了大地震。A big earthquake _Sichuan _2:28 _ May12,2008. shook / hitaton16. shake - sh

24、ook - shaken 搖動(dòng) ,震動(dòng),顫動(dòng)shake sbs hand /shake hands with sb 握手握手 shake ones head搖頭搖頭 shake with anger氣得發(fā)抖氣得發(fā)抖 不是所有希望都破滅了。不是所有希望都破滅了。allnot = not all該句為部分否定該句為部分否定 表示全部否定：表示全部否定： no one, none, nobody, nothing, notany, 以及以及“no+名詞名詞” 17. All hope was not lost.= Not all hope was lost.不是所有的孩子都被留下了。不是所有的孩子都

25、被留下了。不是所有的孩子都吵鬧。不是所有的孩子都吵鬧。Not all the children are left.(= Only some of them left early.)Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children are not noisy.) All the students do not agree to the plan.= Not all the students agree to the plan.18. buryvt. 埋葬埋葬; 葬葬 The boy buried the dead bird in the backyard. 男孩們把死鳥埋在后院。男孩們把死鳥埋在后院。vt. 使沉浸（或?qū)Ｐ挠冢┦钩两ɑ驅(qū)Ｐ挠冢?be buried in= bury oneself in