七年級下冊動詞時態(tài)講解和習(xí)題(共10頁)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上七年級英語時態(tài)匯總一般現(xiàn)在時【定 義】一般現(xiàn)在時表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動作。即描述我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械囊率匙⌒械然顒??！居?法】(1)在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中，一般現(xiàn)在時常與以下時間狀語聯(lián)用：always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month, once a week, on Sundays 例句：He usually plays football on Sundays.(2)沒有時間狀語，可以分以下四種類型：Abe型 這一類型由be動詞+名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞、數(shù)詞或介詞短語等一

2、起構(gòu)成謂語，表示主語的個性、特征或狀態(tài)。如： I am a student.(主語+be動詞+名詞) They are hungry.（主語+be動詞+形容詞） He is out.(主語+be動詞+副詞) That pen is mine.(主語+be動詞+代詞) I am fifteen.(主語+be動詞+數(shù)詞) The bike is under the tree.(主語+be動詞+介詞短語)Bdo型 do型由行為動詞充當(dāng)謂語，表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作，其構(gòu)成為“主語+動詞原形或動詞第三人稱單數(shù)形式”。如： I know it. He believes me.Cthere be型 the

3、re be型句子表示“某地存在”，其構(gòu)成為“there be+主語+其他”，表示客觀事實(shí)。用法遵循“就近原則”，即主語是單數(shù)或并列主語中的第一個主語是單數(shù)，則用there is；主語是復(fù)數(shù)或并列主語中的第一個主語是復(fù)數(shù)，則用there are。如： （1）There is an eraser on the teachers desk.(主語an eraser是單數(shù)) （2）There is an orange，five apples and eight bananas in the bag.(并列主語中的第一個主語an orange是單數(shù))D情態(tài)動詞型 情態(tài)動詞型句子的構(gòu)成為“主語+情態(tài)動詞+

4、動詞原形”，情態(tài)動詞和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示說話人對所敘述的動作或狀態(tài)的看法。如： He can speak a little English.(can+speak) May I have a book, please?(may+have)【結(jié) 構(gòu)】主語+動詞原形+賓語 即某人+某個動詞+其他?？隙ㄊ揭蓡柺椒穸ㄊ椒穸ㄒ蓡柺絀 work.Do I work?I do not work.Dont I work?You work.Do you work?You do not work.Dont you work?We work.Do we work?We do not work.Dont we

5、work?They work.Do they work?They do not work.Dont they work?He(She,It) works.Does he(she,it) work?He(She,It) does not work.Doesnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can），如果有，只要在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面加上not。如果句子中沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can）那么根據(jù)主語在后面加入dont(you, I或者復(fù)數(shù))或doesnt（第三人稱單數(shù)）。一般疑問句：首先找句子

6、中有沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can），如果有，只要將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前，放到主語前面。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱要互換。如果句子中沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can）那么根據(jù)主語判斷加入do(you, I或者復(fù)數(shù))或does（第三人稱單數(shù)）。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱也要互換。特殊疑問句：首先分析劃線部分的意思，確定用哪個疑問詞（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where

7、going, what do）,然后找句子中有沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can），如果有，只要將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞放到主語前面（疑問詞的后面）。如果句子中沒有be動詞（is, am或者are）或情態(tài)動詞（can）那么根據(jù)主語判斷加入do(you, I或者復(fù)數(shù))或does（第三人稱單數(shù)）。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱也要互換?！究?訣】當(dāng)主語是第三人稱單數(shù)時 肯定句 主語+動詞三單+其他 否定句 主語+doesnt+動詞原形+其他 一般疑問句 Does+主語+動詞原形+其他 肯定回答 Yes，主語+does 否定回答 No，主語+doesnt 特殊疑問句 特殊疑問詞+一般

8、疑問句 當(dāng)主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)時 肯定句 主語+動詞原形+其他 否定句 主語+dont+動詞原形+其他 一般疑問句 Do+主語+動詞原形+其他 用錯結(jié)構(gòu)全句都錯，一定要注意?！镜谌朔Q單數(shù)變化規(guī)律】 情況構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況加 -s 清輔音后讀/s/ 濁輔音和元音后讀/z/swim-swims； help-helps；like-likes以s,sh,ch,x等結(jié)尾的詞加 -es 讀/iz/ teach-teaches以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的詞變y 為i再加es讀/z/study-studies；fly-flies【練 習(xí)】一、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（Be動詞）一般現(xiàn)在時中的be動詞有四中形

9、式: am is are be其中：am用于一人稱主語I之后，構(gòu)成I am句型。 is 用于三人稱單數(shù)主語she, he, it或單個的人和物之后，構(gòu)成She/He/It is句型。 are用于二人稱you或復(fù)數(shù)主語we, they之后，構(gòu)成You/We/They are句型。 be為該動詞的原形，用于情態(tài)動詞can, may, must之后或用于祈使句中。 如：Be careful! 當(dāng)心！1. Jim _(be) a hard-working student at school.2. _(be) Tom and Sam in the same class?3. Your school li

10、fe _(be) very interesting.4. There _(be) a pen, two rulers and some books on the desk.5. The boys _(be) very friendly to me.6. Maria _(be not) from the U.S.A.7. _(be) there any trees and a pool in the yard? 8. I want to _(be) a teacher.9. Mr. Wang cant _(be) at home, because the lights are off.10. D

11、ont _(be) late for school again.二、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（情態(tài)動詞）情態(tài)動詞有 can“能夠，可以” may“可以” must必須 + 動詞原形（不需變化） should 應(yīng)該1. My mom can _(cook) food well.2. Must she _(stay) at home now?3. What can the boy _(do) for his parents?4. Tom cant _(sing) an English song.5. He may _(perform) ballet at Kangkangs birthday p

12、arty.6. She should _(help) her parents do some housework.三、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（實(shí)義動詞）主語（一，二人稱或三人稱復(fù)數(shù)） + 動詞原形（不需變化）主語（三人稱單數(shù)） + 動詞三人稱單數(shù)形式（動詞s/es）否定句中（dont, doesnt） + 動詞原形（不需變化）疑問句中（Do, Does + 主語） + 動詞原形（不需變化）1. Tom often _(take) a talk after supper.2. Tom and I usually _(go) to school by bike.3. Does Lin Tao

13、_(like) reading storybooks?4. What classes do you _(have) today?5. How often does the girl _(watch) TV?6. Where do they _(live) now?7. Every year many people _(lose) their lives in traffic accidents.8. Sam doesnt _(get) up early in the morning.9. Each of them _(have) a nice schoolbag.10. They each _

14、(sleep) late at night.四、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（Be動詞）否定句：直接在be動詞之后加not。疑問句：將be動詞提到主語之前。1. She is in a blue dress.（變否定句） She _ _ a blue dress.2. I am from Qijiang.（變一般疑問句） _ _ from Qijiang?3. Are the storybooks very interesting?（否定回答） No, _ _.4. His parents are both workers.（變一般疑問句） _ his parents _ workers?5. There a

15、re some nice books on the shelf.（對劃線部分提問） _ _ on the shelf?五、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（情態(tài)動詞）否定句：直接在情態(tài)動詞之后加not。疑問句：將情態(tài)動詞提到主語之前。1. My mother may speak a little English.（變否定句） My mother _ _ speak a little English.2. We should be careful when we cross the street.（變一般疑問句） _ _ be careful when we cross the street?3. Must I f

16、inish my homework at once?（作肯定和否定回答） Yes, _ _. No, _ _.4. Tom can recite a Chinese poem.（對劃線部分提問） What _ Tom _?六、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（實(shí)義動詞）否定句：三人稱單數(shù)主語 + doesnt +還原動詞 其他主語 + dont + 動詞疑問句：Does + 三人稱單數(shù)主語 + 還原動詞？ Do + 其他主語 + 動詞？1. They often play the piano loudly.（變否定句） They _ often _ the piano louldy.2. Jim learns E

17、nglish well.（變一般疑問） _ Jim _ English well?3. She likes Sichuan food very much.（對劃線部分提問） What _ she _ very much?4. Do the boys usually play football after school?（作肯定回答） Yes, _ _.5. She usually does some cooking in the evening.（變否定句） She usually _ _ any cooking in the evening.6. I want to do some shop

18、ping.（變一般疑問句） _ you _ to do any shopping?7. Tom often wathes TV at night.（對劃線部分提問） What _ Tom often _ at night?8. They sometimes go swimming in the afternoon.（對劃線部分提問） What _ they sometimes _ in the evening?一般過去時【定 義】一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生過了的動作或存在過的狀態(tài)。即描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生過了的事情?！居?法】Abe型 這一類型由be動詞（was和were）+名詞、形容詞、副詞、代詞

19、、數(shù)詞或介詞短語等一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示主語以前或過去的個性、特征或狀態(tài)。如： I was a student ten years ago.(主語+be動詞+名詞) They were hungry just now.（主語+be動詞+形容詞） The bike was under the tree yesterday.(主語+be動詞+介詞短語) It was rainy last Sunday. They were very happy at Kangkangs birthday party.B情態(tài)動詞型情態(tài)動詞型句子的構(gòu)成為“主語+情態(tài)動詞過去式could+動詞原形”，情態(tài)動詞過去式和動詞原

20、形一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示主語過去或曾經(jīng)能做的事情。如： He could speak a little English last year.(could+speak) What could she do when he was ten. Cdid型 did型由行為動詞過去式充當(dāng)謂語，表示以前做過的某事，其構(gòu)成為“主語+動詞過去式動詞”。如： I knew him when I was young. He believed me at that time . 【結(jié) 構(gòu)】主語+動詞過去式+賓語 即某人+某個動詞過去式+其他?？隙ㄊ揭蓡柺椒穸ㄊ椒穸ㄒ蓡柺絀 worked.Did I work?I did

21、 not work.Didnt I work?You worked.Did you work?You did not work.Didnt you work?We worked.Did we work?We did not work.Didnt we work?They worked.Did they work?They did not work.Didnt they work?He(She,It) worked.Did he(she,it) work?He(She,It) did not work.Didnt he(she,it) work?否定形式：首先找句子中有沒有be動詞（was或者w

22、ere）或情態(tài)動詞（could），如果有，只要在be動詞或情態(tài)動詞后面加上not。如果句子中沒有be動詞（was或者were）或情態(tài)動詞（could）那么在后面加入didnt（無論主語是什么人稱）。一般疑問句：首先找句子中有沒有be動詞（was或者were）或情態(tài)動詞（could），如果有，只要將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前，放到主語前面。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱要互換。如果句子中沒有be動詞（was或者were）或情態(tài)動詞（could）那么在主語之前加入did。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱也要互換。特殊疑問句：首先分析劃線部分的意思，確定用哪個疑問詞（what, where, who, whe

23、n, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后找句子中有沒有be動詞（was或者were）或情態(tài)動詞（could），如果有，只要將be動詞或情態(tài)動詞提前，放到主語前面。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱要互換。如果句子中沒有be動詞（was或者were）或情態(tài)動詞（could）那么在主語之前加入did。注意：句中第一人稱和第二人稱也要互換?！疽?guī)則動詞過去式構(gòu)成形式】規(guī)則動詞的過去式由“動詞原形+-ed”構(gòu)成，具體變化有：1. 直接在詞尾加-e

24、d。如: wantwanted, workworked, needneeded, cleancleaned2. 以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的在詞尾加-d。如：likeliked, livelived, useused, movemoved3. 以一個元音字母加一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，先雙寫結(jié)尾的輔音字母，再加-ed。如：stopstopped, triptripped4. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動詞，先把y變成i，再加-ed。如：studystudied, carrycarried, hurryhurried, marrymarried【不規(guī)則動詞過去式】P七下142?！究?訣】一般過去時并不難

25、，表示過去動作、狀態(tài)記心間。 動詞要用過去式，時間狀語句末站。 否定句很簡單，didnt站在動詞原形前，其它部分不要變。 一般疑問句也好變，did放在句子前，主語、動詞原形、其它部分依次站。 特殊疑問句也簡單，疑問詞加一般疑問句記心間。 最后一條請注意，動詞過去式要牢記?！揪?習(xí)】一、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（Be動詞）一般過去時中的be動詞有兩種形式: was和were其中：was用于單數(shù)主語之后，構(gòu)成I/she/he/It was句型。 were用于復(fù)數(shù)主語和二人稱you之后，構(gòu)成You/We/They were句型。1. I _(be) a little girl at that ti

26、me.2. When _(be) you born?3. Maria _(be) born in Cuba.4. The weather yesterday _(be) very cold.5. They _(be) very happy at Kangkangs birthday party yesterday.6. What _(be) the date the day before yesterday?7. _(be) you at home a moment ago?8. Where _(be) your parents last Saturday?9. My mother _(be

27、not) in Chongqing last month.10. How _(be) the weather this morning?二、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（情態(tài)動詞）情態(tài)動詞can的過去式為could，無人稱變化。1. Jane _(can) speak Chinese well when she was only five.2. _(can) they dance the disco last year?3. I _(can not) sleep well last night.4. What _(can) you do just now?三、 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。（實(shí)義動詞

28、）首先根據(jù)句中提供的時間短語確定是否該用過去式。然后判斷該動詞是屬于規(guī)則動詞還是不規(guī)則動詞。規(guī)則動詞直接加ed，不規(guī)則動詞則需強(qiáng)化記憶。1. I _(like) reading books before. But now I dont. 2. She _(watch) TV late yesterday evening.3. We _(clean) up our classroom a moment ago.4. _ they _(have) any bread this morning?5. What _ you _(do) the day before yesterday?6. Tom _

29、(go) to visit the Great Wall last year.7. Mr. Wang _(sing) an English song just now.8. _ Lin Tao have a good time at the party last Sunday?9. We _(not porform) ballet yesterday. We _(recite) a poem.10. The wind yesterday _(blow) strongly.四、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（Be動詞）否定句：直接在was/were后加not。疑問句：將was/were提到主語之前。1. I wa

30、s born in a small town.（變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧洌?_ you _ in a small town?2. Sam was a little boy at that time.（變?yōu)榉穸ň洌?Sam _ _ little boy at that time.3. His friends were in the library just now.（對劃線部分提問） _ _ his friends just now?4. Were they very happy yesterday?（作否定回答） No, _ _.5. Was your brother born in Chongqing

31、?（作肯定回答） Yes, _ _.五、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（情態(tài)動詞）肯定句：直接在could后加not.疑問句：將could提到主語之前。1. I could sing English songs when I was five.（變一般疑問句） _ you _ English songs when you were five?2. The boy could ride a bike last year.（變否定句） The boy _ _ a bike last year.3. They could play a game yesterday.（對劃線部分提問） What _ they _ ye

32、sterday?4. Could your friends cook food last Sunday?（作肯定回答） Yes, _ _.六、 句型轉(zhuǎn)換。（實(shí)義動詞）否定句：didnt + 還原動詞疑問句：Did + 主語 + 還原動詞1. I went to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.（變否定句） I _ _ to Sichuan with my friends during summer holidays.2. She recited a poem at Kangkangs birthday party.（變一般疑問句）

33、_ she _ a poem at Kangkangs birthday party?3. They did their homework half an hour ago.（變否定句） They _ _ their homework half an hour ago.4. Tom sang a song beautifully yesterday.（對劃線部分提問） What _ Tom _ yesteray?5. Jim took many pictures in winter holidays.（變一般疑問句） _ Jim _ many pictures in winter holida

34、ys?6. Did the kid hurt himself just now?（做否定回答） No, _ _.7. They knew the girl in blue well?（對劃線部分提問） Who _ they _ well?8. I forgot to close the door yesterday evening.（對劃線部分提問） What _ you _ to do yesterday evening?現(xiàn)在（正在）進(jìn)行時【定 義】現(xiàn)在（正在）進(jìn)行時表示說話的瞬間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的事情。如：They are singing and dancing happily now .

35、他們正在高興地唱歌跳舞。 She is showing her friend around the city . 她正在帶一位朋友游覽城市?！窘Y(jié) 構(gòu)】主語+ be（am / is / are）+動詞的-ing形式?？隙ㄊ揭蓡柺椒穸ㄊ絀 am working.Am I working?I am not work.You are working.Are you working?You are not work.We are working.Are we working?We are not work.They are working.Are they working?They are not wo

36、rk.He(She,It) isworking.Is he(she,it) working?He(She,It) is not work.肯定句形式：I + am 動詞ing. 如：I am reading (read) an interesting story book now.She/He/It + is 動詞ing. 如：Tom is reading (read) an interesting story book now.We/You/They + are動詞ing. 如：They are reading (read) an interesting story book now.否定句

37、形式：直接在be（am, is, are）之后加not，其余照抄。如: I am not reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. Tom isnt reading ( not read) an interesting story book now. They arent reading ( not read) an interesting story book now.一般疑問句： 直接將be（am, is, are）提到主語之前，其余照抄。如：Is Tom reading (read) an interesting story b

38、ook now? Are they reading (read) an interesting story book now?特殊疑問句：首先分析劃線部分的意思，確定用哪個疑問詞（what, where, who, when, which, whose, how, how many, how much, what shape, what colour, what doing, where going, what do）,然后再將原句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡柧湫问剑磳e動詞提到主語之前，其余的不變）。如：What time is Tom reading(read) an interesting stor

39、y book?Where are they taking(take) pictures?【動詞ing的構(gòu)成規(guī)律】情況構(gòu)成方法例詞一般情況。加 -ingwash-washing； catch-catching；以不發(fā)音字母e結(jié)尾的動詞先去e，再加-ingmake-making； ride-riding；以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動詞雙寫尾字母，再加-ingsit-sitting swim-swimming現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的時間標(biāo)志短語匯總：現(xiàn)在（正在）進(jìn)行時常與一些固定的時間短語搭配使用： now“現(xiàn)在”如: Jim is playing soccer now. right now= at the moment“此刻”如：The monkeys are climbing up the trees at the momnet. Look! Listen! “看??！聽??！”如：Look! Mr. Lee is working on the computer. Listen! The birds are sing in the tree. Where is?問題的回答，暗指說話的時候。如：Where is your mom, Tom? Oh, she is cooking in the kitchen. 前面早就闡明是現(xiàn)在的短文