高一英語(yǔ)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)

1、GrammarPassive Voice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Tombrokethewindow.（主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）ThewindowwasbrokenbyTom.（被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種英語(yǔ)的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有兩種主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)（Active Voice)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) (Passive Voice)（前者表示句子的（前者表示句子的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，后者表示句子的，后者表示句子的主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者主語(yǔ)為動(dòng)作的承受者。）。） 從以上對(duì)比可以看出，主動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)Tom在被動(dòng)句中變成了短語(yǔ)by Tom，主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)the window變成了被動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)。由于被動(dòng)句中的主語(yǔ)即主動(dòng)句中的賓語(yǔ)，因此，。 主動(dòng)句

2、轉(zhuǎn)換為被動(dòng)句，主動(dòng)句的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語(yǔ)，而主動(dòng)句的主語(yǔ)則變?yōu)橛伞癰y + 動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者”在被動(dòng)句中做狀語(yǔ)。種語(yǔ)態(tài)種語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本構(gòu)成：be+動(dòng)詞的過去分詞被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 1.一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set is mended by Tom.2.一般過去時(shí) was/were +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set was mended by Tom.3. 一般將來(lái)時(shí) shall/will be +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set will/shall be mended by Tom.4. 一般過去將來(lái)時(shí) should/would be +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞

3、He said the TV set should/would be mended by Tom. 5. 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) am/is/are being +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set is being mended by Tom.6. 過去進(jìn)行時(shí) was/were being +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set was being mended by Tom.7. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) have/has been +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set has been mended by Tom.8. 過去完成時(shí) had been +動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set had been mende

4、d by Tom. 9. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分詞The TV set can be mended by Tom.總結(jié)時(shí) 間一 般進(jìn) 行完 成現(xiàn) 在 is/are mended 被修 is/are being mended 正在被修 have/has been mended 已經(jīng)被修過過 去 was/were mended（過去）被修 was/were being mended（過去）正被修 had been mended（過去）已被修過將 來(lái) shall/will be mended 將要被修過去將來(lái)should/would be mended（過去）將要被修buil

5、dnew flyoversevery yearNew flyovers are built every year.Describe the pictures, using passive voice.buildcastle18th centuryThe castle was built in the 18th century.The World Expo will be held in Shanghai in the year 2010.He said that the antiseptic masks should have been worn during these days.He, a

6、ntiseptic mask, these daysThe picture is being painted by the little girl.paintpictureThe mouse was being chased by the cat when I came in yesterday. chaseyesterdayI come in The picture has been drawn by the little girl.Sally, say, buy, wedding ring, weddingSally said the wedding ring had been bough

7、t before the wedding.a) 不知道或沒必要知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The book was first published in the late 1990s.b)不便說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。The plan was generally considered impractical.c)突出動(dòng)作的承受者。She is respected by all the workers of the factory.d)漢語(yǔ)中的無(wú)主句，在英語(yǔ)中用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 。Smoking is not allowed in public places.e)為了保持主語(yǔ)的一貫性。The old professor

8、wheeled himself into the classroom andwas warmly applauded by the students.何時(shí)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)？4）有些短語(yǔ)不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) do ones best, make a face, make room(騰位子），make up ones mind, belong to不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況 1）不及物動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；注意：happen, break out ,take place The story was happened in 1934. （ ）2）表狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；have, lack, fit I have a ne

9、w bike.3）連系動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；The story is sounded true. （ ）特殊情況 1）感官動(dòng)詞( taste ; feel ; smell ; sound ; look )用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)。How sweet the music sounds ! Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .2）write、read、sell、keep、prove、weigh、number、drink、wear、pay、wash、open常用主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。尤其是有副詞well, easily時(shí)。The book sells well .

10、(這本書銷路很好。)The door will not open .(這扇門就是打不開。)This dress washes better .(這衣服較好洗。)The sign reads as follows .(這牌子告示如下。) 3）need, demand, want(需要）, require, be worth等后用動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)。 The desk needs repairing. The novel is worth reading.注意：need后可接動(dòng)名詞表被動(dòng)，又可接動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。 The desk needs repairing. The desk needs to

11、 be repaired. 4) 注意動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)形式，（being done) Nobody likes being laughed of. 沒人喜歡被嘲笑。the city officials, make,a plan, to turn Beijing into a green citymillions of people from all over the world,visit, the Great WallChina, send up, another space capsuletourists, damage,some cultural sitesthe villagers, se

12、t up, a website,to help people learn more about the cultural relicsthe Russian government, turned into museums,these palaces1.2.3.4.5.6.A plan has been made to turn Beijing into a green cityby the city officials.The Great Wall has been visitedby millions of people from all over the world.by China.ha

13、s been sent upAnother space capsuleby tourists.have been damagedSome cultural sitesby the villagershas been set upA websiteto help people learn more about the cultural relics.by the Russian government.have been turned into museumsThese palacesUnit 7 Cultural relics47Practices in Our Textbook in Unit

14、 7 Guilin: A group of villagers in Guilin are planning to protect their cultural relics. Guilin _ (visit) by so many tourists that some of its cultural sites _ (not well protect). Some ancient sites _ (already damage) by tourists and villagers are worried that part of their history will be lost. A w

15、ebsite _ (start) by the villagers to tell people about the problem and how to solve it. Also, a museum _ (build) so that visitors can look the cultural relics without causing any damage.has been visitedare not well protectedhave already been damagedhas been startedhas been builtUnit 7 Cultural relic

16、s47Unit 7 Cultural relics122 Beijing: Beijing plans to repair its old city wall. It _ (say) to be the citys largest ever cultural relics repair project. The wall that will be 1,600 metres long from Dongbianmen to Chongwemmen will keep the same look as the old one. The Beijing people _ (also ask) by

17、the city government to return old wall bricks, which _ (be) once used to build houses in the 1960s. So far, more than 20,000 old bricks _ (return), but two million such bricks _ (need) for the repairs. The old city wall _ (build) in the Ming Dynasty. The wall _ (badly damage) over the past years. “The repair project has brought more visitors to Beijing,” a city official said, “W