俄羅斯方塊課程設(shè)計(jì)報(bào)告

1、目 錄1. 系統(tǒng)概述 12. 設(shè)計(jì)說明書 43. 系統(tǒng)操作界面 64. 源程序編碼 75. 測(cè)試計(jì)劃366. 改進(jìn)意見397課程設(shè)計(jì)心得體會(huì) 408. 參考書籍、資料 40 系統(tǒng)概述1.1現(xiàn)狀分析在個(gè)人電腦日益普及的今天，一些有趣的桌面游戲已經(jīng)成為人們?cè)谑褂糜?jì)算機(jī)進(jìn)行工作或?qū)W習(xí)之余休閑娛樂的首選，而俄羅斯方塊游戲是人們最熟悉的小游戲之一，它以其趣味性強(qiáng)，易上手等諸多特點(diǎn)得到了大眾的認(rèn)可，因此開發(fā)此游戲軟件可滿足人們的一些娛樂的需求。此俄羅斯方塊游戲可以為用戶提供一個(gè)可在普通個(gè)人電腦上運(yùn)行的，界面美觀的，易于控制的俄羅斯方塊游戲。1.2項(xiàng)目要求俄羅斯方塊游戲是一款適合大眾的游戲軟件，它適合不同年

2、齡的人玩。本軟件要實(shí)現(xiàn)的功能如下：（1）游戲區(qū)：玩家可以在游戲區(qū)中堆積方塊，并能夠在游戲過程中隨時(shí)了解得分情況。（2）游戲控制：玩家可以通過游戲控制功能來選擇開始新的一局游戲，暫?；蛲顺鲇螒颉＃?） 級(jí)別設(shè)置：玩家可以根據(jù)自己的需要自行設(shè)定游戲的開始級(jí)別，級(jí)別越高，游戲的速度越快，難度越大。（4） 1.3系統(tǒng)功能模塊示意圖俄羅斯方塊游戲游戲區(qū)游戲控制顯示玩家操作顯示操作結(jié)果開始暫停/繼續(xù)提高等級(jí)退出降低等級(jí)項(xiàng)目開發(fā)計(jì)劃書項(xiàng)目開發(fā)計(jì)劃書名稱時(shí)間工作內(nèi)容下達(dá)設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)1天（集中）說明如何著手設(shè)計(jì)的方法和設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)的解釋說明。收集、分析資料及文檔2天項(xiàng)目組在項(xiàng)目經(jīng)理的組織下選題、分析，識(shí)別實(shí)體，完成項(xiàng)目

3、開發(fā)計(jì)劃書及小組人員分工。設(shè)計(jì)2天各項(xiàng)目組完成系統(tǒng)層次圖、用戶界面設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)表設(shè)計(jì)、報(bào)表設(shè)計(jì)，完成設(shè)計(jì)說明書程序編寫和測(cè)試7天根據(jù)方案進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)編程、調(diào)試。編寫設(shè)計(jì)文檔2天完成軟件測(cè)試以及用戶操作手冊(cè)的編寫。文檔提交、答辯1天各小組提交文檔，教師根據(jù)情況選擇是否答辯及答辯方式（抽樣答辯或全員答辯）。 設(shè)計(jì)說明1.1游戲區(qū)模塊游戲區(qū)模塊創(chuàng)建游戲區(qū)處理玩家游戲操作顯示游戲結(jié)果1.2控制區(qū)模塊游戲控制模塊開始游戲暫停游戲初始級(jí)別設(shè)置退出游戲1.3系統(tǒng)流程圖是否到頂部處理玩家操作開始設(shè)置初始級(jí)別創(chuàng)建游戲區(qū)游戲開局隨機(jī)選擇方塊類型是否到頂部方塊下落一行游戲結(jié)束是否1.4模塊簡(jiǎn)介1 功能模塊（1）游戲區(qū)模

4、塊（創(chuàng)建游戲區(qū)，處理玩家操作，顯示操作結(jié)果）（2）游戲控制模塊（開始，暫停繼續(xù)，提高等級(jí)，降低等級(jí)，停止，新游戲，幫助） 系統(tǒng)操作界面游戲打開界面 游戲進(jìn)行中界面源代碼編碼#include <stdio.h>#include <bios.h>#include <dos.h>#include <graphics.h>#include <string.h>#include <stdlib.h>#define true 1#define false 0#define BoardWidth 12#define BoardHeigh

5、t 23#define _INNER_HELPER /*inner helper method */*Scan Codes Define*/enum KEYCODES K_ESC =0x011b, K_UP =0x4800, /* upward arrow */ K_LEFT =0x4b00, K_DOWN =0x5000, K_RIGHT =0x4d00, K_SPACE =0x3920, K_P =0x1970;/* the data structure of the block */typedef struct tagBlock char c44; /* cell fill info a

6、rray, 0-empty, 1-filled */ int x; /* block position cx 0,BoardWidht -1 */ int y; /* block position cy -4,BoardHeight-1 */ char color; /* block color */ char size; /* block max size in width or height */ char name; /* block name (the block's shape) */ Block;/* game's global info */int FrameTi

7、me= 1300;int CellSize= 18;int BoardLeft= 30;int BoardTop= 30;/* next block grid */int NBBoardLeft= 300;int NBBoardTop= 30;int NBCellSize= 10;/* score board position */int ScoreBoardLeft= 300;int ScoreBoardTop=100;int ScoreBoardWidth=200;int ScoreBoardHeight=35;int ScoreColor=LIGHTCYAN;/* infor text

8、postion */int InfoLeft=300;int InfoTop=200;int InfoColor=YELLOW;int BorderColor=DARKGRAY;int BkGndColor=BLACK;int GameRunning=true;int TopLine=BoardHeight-1; /* top empty line */int TotalScore=100;char info_score20;char info_help255;char info_common255;/* our board, Boardxy0-isFilled, Boardxy1-fillC

9、olor */unsigned char BoardBoardWidthBoardHeight2;char BufferCells44; /* used to judge if can rotate block */Block curBlock; /* current moving block */Block nextBlock; /* next Block to appear */* function list */int GetKeyCode();int CanMove(int dx,int dy);int CanRotate();int RotateBlock(Block *block)

10、;int MoveBlock(Block *block,int dx,int dy);void DrawBlock(Block *block,int,int,int);void EraseBlock(Block *block,int,int,int);void DisplayScore();void DisplayInfo(char* text);void GenerateBlock(Block *block);void NextBlock();void InitGame();int PauseGame();void QuitGame();/*Get Key Code */int _INNER

11、_HELPER GetKeyCode() int key=0; if(bioskey(1) key=bioskey(0); return key;/* display text! */void _INNER_HELPER DisplayInfo(char *text) setcolor(BkGndColor); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop,info_common); strcpy(info_common,text); setcolor(InfoColor); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop,info_common);/* create a new

12、 block by key number,* the block anchor to the top-left corner of 4*4 cells*/void _INNER_HELPER GenerateBlock(Block *block) int key=(random(13)*random(17)+random(1000)+random(3000)%7; block->size=3;/* because most blocks' size=3 */ memset(block->c,0,16); switch(key) case 0: block->name=

13、'T' block->color=RED; block->c10=1; block->c11=1, block->c21=1; block->c12=1; break; case 1: block->name='L' block->color=YELLOW; block->c10=1; block->c11=1; block->c12=1, block->c22=1; break; case 2: block->name='J' block->color=LIGHTGR

14、AY; block->c10=1; block->c11=1; block->c12=1, block->c02=1; break; case 3: block->name='z' block->color=CYAN; block->c00=1, block->c10=1; block->c11=1, block->c21=1; break; case 4: block->name='5' block->color=LIGHTBLUE; block->c10=1, block->

15、c20=1; block->c01=1, block->c11=1; break; case 5: block->name='o' block->color=BLUE; block->size=2; block->c00=1, block->c10=1; block->c01=1, block->c11=1; break; case 6: block->name='I' block->color=GREEN; block->size=4; block->c10=1; block->

16、;c11=1; block->c12=1; block->c13=1; break; /* get next block! */void NextBlock() /* copy the nextBlock to curBlock */ curBlock.size=nextBlock.size; curBlock.color=nextBlock.color; curBlock.x=(BoardWidth-4)/2; curBlock.y=-curBlock.size; memcpy(curBlock.c,nextBlock.c,16); /* generate nextBlock a

17、nd show it */ EraseBlock(&nextBlock,NBBoardLeft,NBBoardTop,NBCellSize); GenerateBlock(&nextBlock); nextBlock.x=1,nextBlock.y=0; DrawBlock(&nextBlock,NBBoardLeft,NBBoardTop,NBCellSize);/* rotate the block, update the block struct data */int _INNER_HELPER RotateCells(char c44,char blockSiz

18、e) char temp,i,j; switch(blockSize) case 3: temp=c00; c00=c20, c20=c22, c22=c02, c02=temp; temp=c01; c01=c10, c10=c21, c21=c12, c12=temp; break; case 4: /* only 'I' block arived here! */ c10=1-c10, c12=1-c12, c13=1-c13; c01=1-c01, c21=1-c21, c31=1-c31; break; /* judge if the block can move t

19、oward the direction */int CanMove(int dx,int dy) int i,j,tempX,tempY; for(i=0;i<curBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;j<curBlock.size;j+) if(curBlock.cij) /* cannot move leftward or rightward */ tempX = curBlock.x + i + dx; if(tempX<0 | tempX>(BoardWidth-1) return false; /* make sure x is valid! */

20、/* cannot move downward */ tempY = curBlock.y + j + dy; if(tempY>(BoardHeight-1) return false; /* y is only checked lower bound, maybe negative! */ /* the cell already filled, we must check Y's upper bound before check cell ! */ if(tempY>=0 && BoardtempXtempY0) return false; return

21、 true;/* judge if the block can rotate */int CanRotate() int i,j,tempX,tempY; /* update buffer */ memcpy(BufferCells, curBlock.c, 16); RotateCells(BufferCells,curBlock.size); for(i=0;i<curBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;j<curBlock.size;j+) if(BufferCellsij) tempX=curBlock.x+i; tempY=curBlock.y+j; if(te

22、mpX<0 | tempX>(BoardWidth-1) return false; if(tempY>(BoardHeight-1) return false; if(tempY>=0 && BoardtempXtempY0) return false; return true;/* draw the block */void _INNER_HELPER DrawBlock(Block *block,int bdLeft,int bdTop,int cellSize) int i,j; setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,block->

23、;color); for(i=0;i<block->size;i+) for(j=0;j<block->size;j+) if(block->cij && (block->y+j)>=0) floodfill( bdLeft+cellSize*(i+block->x)+cellSize/2, bdTop+cellSize*(j+block->y)+cellSize/2, BorderColor); /* Rotate the block, if success, return true */int RotateBlock(B

24、lock *block) char temp,i,j; int b_success; if(block->size=2) return true; if( b_success=CanRotate() EraseBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); memcpy(curBlock.c,BufferCells,16); DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); return b_success;/* erase a block, only fill the filled cell with bac

25、kground color */void _INNER_HELPER EraseBlock(Block *block,int bdLeft,int bdTop,int cellSize) int i,j; setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,BkGndColor); for(i=0;i<block->size;i+) for(j=0;j<block->size;j+) if(block->cij && (block->y+j>=0) floodfill( bdLeft+cellSize*(i+block->x)+cel

26、lSize/2, bdTop+cellSize*(j+block->y)+cellSize/2, BorderColor); /* move by the direction if can, donothing if cannot* return value: true - success, false - cannot move toward this direction*/int MoveBlock(Block *block,int dx,int dy) int b_canmove=CanMove(dx,dy); if(b_canmove) EraseBlock(block,Boar

27、dLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); curBlock.x+=dx; curBlock.y+=dy; DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); return b_canmove;/* drop the block to the bottom! */int DropBlock(Block *block) EraseBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,CellSize); while(CanMove(0,1) curBlock.y+; DrawBlock(block,BoardLeft,BoardTop,Ce

28、llSize); return 0;/* return value is assign to the block's alive */* init the graphics mode, draw the board grid */void InitGame() int i,j,gdriver=DETECT,gmode; struct time sysTime; /* draw board cells */ memset(Board,0,BoardWidth*BoardHeight*2); memset(nextBlock.c,0,16); strcpy(info_help,"

29、P: Pause Game. -by hoodlum1980"); initgraph(&gdriver,&gmode,""); setcolor(BorderColor); for(i=0;i<=BoardWidth;i+) line(BoardLeft+i*CellSize, BoardTop, BoardLeft+i*CellSize, BoardTop+ BoardHeight*CellSize); for(i=0;i<=BoardHeight;i+) line(BoardLeft, BoardTop+i*CellSize, B

30、oardLeft+BoardWidth*CellSize, BoardTop+ i*CellSize); /* draw board outer border rect */ rectangle(BoardLeft-CellSize/4, BoardTop-CellSize/4, BoardLeft+BoardWidth*CellSize+CellSize/4, BoardTop+BoardHeight*CellSize+CellSize/4); /* draw next block grids */ for(i=0;i<=4;i+) line(NBBoardLeft+i*NBCellS

31、ize, NBBoardTop, NBBoardLeft+i*NBCellSize, NBBoardTop+4*NBCellSize); line(NBBoardLeft, NBBoardTop+i*NBCellSize, NBBoardLeft+4*NBCellSize, NBBoardTop+ i*NBCellSize); /* draw score rect */ rectangle(ScoreBoardLeft,ScoreBoardTop,ScoreBoardLeft+ScoreBoardWidth,ScoreBoardTop+ScoreBoardHeight); DisplaySco

32、re(); /* set new seed! */ gettime(&sysTime); srand(sysTime.ti_hour*3600+sysTime.ti_min*60+sysTime.ti_sec); GenerateBlock(&nextBlock); NextBlock(); /* create first block */ setcolor(DARKGRAY); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+20,"Up -rotate Space-drop"); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+35,&quo

33、t;Left-left Right-right"); outtextxy(InfoLeft,InfoTop+50,"Esc -exit"); DisplayInfo(info_help);/* set the isFilled and fillcolor data to the board */void _INNER_HELPER FillBoardData() int i,j; for(i=0;i<curBlock.size;i+) for(j=0;j<curBlock.size;j+) if(curBlock.cij && (cur

34、Block.y+j)>=0) BoardcurBlock.x+icurBlock.y+j0=1; BoardcurBlock.x+icurBlock.y+j1=curBlock.color; /* draw one line of the board */void _INNER_HELPER PaintBoard() int i,j,fillcolor; for(j=max(TopLine-4),0);j<BoardHeight;j+) for(i=0;i<BoardWidth;i+) fillcolor=Boardij0? Boardij1:BkGndColor; setf

35、illstyle(SOLID_FILL,fillcolor); floodfill(BoardLeft+i*CellSize+CellSize/2,BoardTop+j*CellSize+CellSize/2,BorderColor); /* check if one line if filled full and increase the totalScore! */void _INNER_HELPER CheckBoard() int i,j,k,score=10,sum=0,topy,lines=0; /* we find the top empty line! */ j=topy=Bo

36、ardHeight-1; do sum=0; for(i=0;i< BoardWidth; i+) sum+=Boarditopy0; topy-; while(sum>0 && topy>0); /* remove the full filled line (max remove lines count = 4) */ do sum=0; for(i=0;i< BoardWidth; i+) sum+=Boardij0; if(sum=BoardWidth)/* we find this line is full filled, remove it!

37、*/ /* move the cells data down one line */ for(k=j; k > topy;k-) for(i=0;i<BoardWidth;i+) Boardik0=Boardik-10; Boardik1=Boardik-11; /*make the top line empty! */ for(i=0;i<BoardWidth;i+) Boarditopy0=0; Boarditopy1=0; topy+; /* move the topline downward one line! */ lines+; /* lines <=4 *

38、/ TotalScore+=score; score*=2; /* adding: 10, 30, 70, 150 */ else j-; while(sum>0 && j>topy && lines<4); /* speed up the game when score is high, minimum is 400 */ FrameTime=max(1200-100*(TotalScore/200), 400); TopLine=topy;/* update the top line */ /* if no lines remove, on

39、ly add 1: */ if(lines=0) TotalScore+;/* display the score */void _INNER_HELPER DisplayScore() setcolor(BkGndColor); outtextxy(ScoreBoardLeft+5,ScoreBoardTop+5,info_score); setcolor(ScoreColor); sprintf(info_score,"Score: %d",TotalScore); outtextxy(ScoreBoardLeft+5,ScoreBoardTop+5,info_scor

40、e);/* we call this function when a block is inactive. */void UpdateBoard() FillBoardData(); CheckBoard(); PaintBoard(); DisplayScore();/* pause the game, and timer handler stop move down the block! */int PauseGame() int key=0; DisplayInfo("Press P to Start or Resume!"); while(key!=K_P &

41、;& key!=K_ESC) while(!(key=GetKeyCode() DisplayInfo(info_help); return key;/* quit the game and do cleaning work. */void QuitGame() closegraph();/* the entry point function. */void main() int i,flag=1,j,key=0,tick=0; InitGame(); if(PauseGame()=K_ESC) goto GameOver; /* wait until a key pressed */

42、 while(key!=K_ESC) /* wait until a key pressed */ while(!(key=GetKeyCode() tick+; if(tick>=FrameTime) /* our block has dead! (can't move down), we get next block */ if(!MoveBlock(&curBlock,0,1) UpdateBoard(); NextBlock(); if(!CanMove(0,1) goto GameOver; tick=0; delay(100); switch(key) cas

43、e K_LEFT: MoveBlock(&curBlock,-1,0); break; case K_RIGHT: MoveBlock(&curBlock,1,0); break; case K_DOWN: MoveBlock(&curBlock,0,1); break; case K_UP: RotateBlock(&curBlock); break; case K_SPACE: DropBlock(&curBlock); break; case K_P: PauseGame(); break; GameOver: DisplayInfo("

44、GAME OVER! Press any key to exit!"); getch(); /* wait the user Press any key. */ QuitGame(); 測(cè)試計(jì)劃 1.1測(cè)試方案 本游戲的測(cè)試方法采用檢查各個(gè)功能能否實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法 1.2測(cè)試項(xiàng)目及功能控制區(qū)開始：實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲的開始暫停：實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲暫停繼續(xù)：實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲繼續(xù)提高級(jí)數(shù):提高級(jí)數(shù)增加游戲的難度降低級(jí)數(shù)：降低級(jí)數(shù)減小游戲的難度菜單區(qū)新游戲：游戲結(jié)束從新開始新一輪的游戲提高級(jí)數(shù)：提高游戲難度降低級(jí)數(shù)：減小游戲難度退出：退出游戲開始：開始游戲暫停：暫停正在進(jìn)行的游戲從新開始：重新開始游戲停止：停止正在進(jìn)行的游戲幫助信息： 游戲控制鍵顯示區(qū)：顯示俄羅斯方塊提前顯示窗口：顯示下一個(gè)方塊的樣式測(cè)試進(jìn)度：本游戲在我和同組李帥同學(xué)的辛苦努力下用了半天的時(shí)間完成了1.3測(cè)試準(zhǔn)備編寫相應(yīng)的驅(qū)動(dòng)模塊，并精心設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)試用例1.4 測(cè)試機(jī)構(gòu) 測(cè)試人員: 王新勃職責(zé)：找出程序中的錯(cuò)誤，實(shí)現(xiàn)游戲的功能1.5 測(cè)試項(xiàng)目說明測(cè)試1：名稱：控制區(qū)功能測(cè)試 目的：測(cè)試控制區(qū)各個(gè)功能的按鈕。 內(nèi)容： 包括游戲開始，暫停，繼續(xù)，停止，提高級(jí)數(shù)，降低級(jí)數(shù)的功能 步驟：打開游戲窗口，按下開始按鈕，看游戲區(qū)是否有方塊下落，若有則在按暫停按鈕看其是否暫停，若暫停，則按繼續(xù)看其是否繼續(xù)下落。按停止按鈕方塊觀察方塊是否