新華信——Research on Promotion of Cable for Undergroun

1、SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信Beijing Sinotrust Marketing Research & Consulting Ltd.Address: F2, Jingan Center, 8#, Beisanhuan East Rd, Beijing Post Code: 100028Tel.: (86 10) 6460 6868Fax: (86 10) 6468 0450URL: Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou Hong KongResearch on Promotion of Cable for Underground Application (II

2、) Made for ICA（China） Aug., 2002Project no.: 02INICAS012-034-007SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 1 -Content總目錄nI：Background 5 -11nII： Executive Summary 12-23nIII： Acceptable Investment Quantity For Power Supply Bureau 24-27nIV： Different models of fund-rising in underground cabling constructio

3、n28-65nV： Two construction model to be focused：“Separation from tunnel and cable” &”Tunnel renting” 66-70nVI： Market Strategy Analysisi 70-73SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 2 -Part onePart one：project backgroundproject background8Background8Review of Research Phase I8Objective and Method

4、of Research Phase II第六部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 3 -BackgroundAs high quality conductor, copper always performs a very important role in cable field. In recent years, copper cable occupies 90% in the new-constructed underground cable by Chinas urban power supply bureauMeanwhile, overhe

5、ad line is still the major part in urban power supplying lines, underground cable takes only 10% of it. It is no doubt that to accelerate the the urban underground cabling brings huge potential for copper consumptionICA (China) attaches high importance on the the copper potential from underground ca

6、bling and the effective way to access it, SINOTRUST was entrusted to do market research on it to build ICAs market strategyTwo research phase was conducted by SINOTRUST(in 2001 and 2002 separately) ：4Phase I：feasibility to push underground cabling,copper potential , design making chain& key fact

7、ors, target market4Phase II: Effective way to push the underground cabling, market strategy in target marketSINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 4 -Research results retrospect of the first stage(2001)Research results retrospect of the first stage(2001) 8Research goal8Research approach8Main conclus

8、ionSINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 5 -Research goal of the first stage( 2001)Research goal of the first stage( 2001) Feasibility of pushing the underground cablingSituation & feature of underground cablingDecision chain and decision factor pushing the underground cablingCopper potential T

9、arget marketSINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 6 -Research approach of the first stage( 2001) Project EvaluationDesk researchExperts focus group Forecast of underground cabling in China Key factors and effective pushing methodUnderground cabling construction surveyIn-depth interview on 6key citi

10、esTelephone survey on 24 cities The current situation of Chinas urban construction of cable, the typical cases of influence factor, decision-making mechanism, characteristic difference, cable construction Condition and coverage of underground cabling in target citiesResponds：chief of power supply bu

11、reau and planning committee Targeting Area：shenzhen、qingdao、zhuhai、tianjin、wuhan、xian、chengdu、nanjingResponds：chief of technique and operating department in local power supply bureausExperts attended : State Power GroupBeijing Urban Construction GroupState Academy Power ScienceAssociation of China P

12、ower EnterprisesBeijing City Construction Planning InstituteBeijing Power Supply BureauPlanning & Designing Institute of Construction MinistrySINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 7 -The perfect opportunity to push The perfect opportunity to push 推動電纜入地存在良好的市場機遇推動電纜入地存在良好的市場機遇4中國城市化率突破30%，進入城市化

13、加速發(fā)展時期4在供電方式的選擇上，中國的城市政府普遍傾向于電纜供電，關(guān)注市容市貌4個別城市已經(jīng)形成了較好的電纜入地建設(shè)解決辦法，為電纜供電的的規(guī)模推廣提供了實踐多數(shù)城市電纜化水平僅有多數(shù)城市電纜化水平僅有10-20%10-20%，電纜入地的潛在需求很大，由此帶來，電纜入地的潛在需求很大，由此帶來的電纜用銅潛力非常可觀的電纜用銅潛力非?？捎^4按照目前城市發(fā)布的2001-2010年道路建設(shè)計劃，城市需要鋪設(shè)的電纜量非?？捎^，多數(shù)大中城市的市區(qū)電纜化率計劃在70-80%，而目前的實際水平是10-20%42002-2006期間，如果所關(guān)注的20個重點城市能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)架空線入地計劃，電纜用銅的消費潛力將達到

14、239，040噸4根據(jù)城市需要改造的架空線的規(guī)模，建設(shè)的實力等因素，20個大中城市被選擇為適宜優(yōu)先推廣架空線入地的地方：上海、北京、長春、昆明、武漢、廈門、青島、成都、鄭州、哈爾濱、齊齊哈爾、沈陽、大連、杭州、蘭州、西安、南京、溫州、煙臺、寧波、第一階段（第一階段（2001）主要研究結(jié)論）主要研究結(jié)論-1SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 8 -目前城市電纜供電的應(yīng)用比例還很低，電纜化率同需要的水平之間差距很目前城市電纜供電的應(yīng)用比例還很低，電纜化率同需要的水平之間差距很大，主要的原因是由于供電企業(yè)和地方政府在出資問題上存在意見分歧大，主要的原因是由于

15、供電企業(yè)和地方政府在出資問題上存在意見分歧4供電部門是電纜入地的實際建設(shè)者，為了節(jié)省成本他們傾向于使用架空線，不愿意獨自負擔(dān)全部的電纜建設(shè)成本4地方政府的規(guī)劃部門是電纜供電的積極支持者和倡導(dǎo)者，但是他們認為電力電纜不屬于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，因而不必由政府負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用電纜建設(shè)與城市的道路規(guī)劃建設(shè)結(jié)合在一起，城市的道路建設(shè)管理部門是電纜建設(shè)與城市的道路規(guī)劃建設(shè)結(jié)合在一起，城市的道路建設(shè)管理部門是推動電纜入地的決策部分推動電纜入地的決策部分4目前城市規(guī)劃與電力部門均沒有系統(tǒng)的電纜建設(shè)規(guī)劃，電纜入地是作為道路配套設(shè)施的內(nèi)容之一，以單個項目的方式進行第一階段（第一階段（2001）主要研究結(jié)論）主要研究結(jié)論-2

16、SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 9 -研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市的土地儲備制度水平對于電纜入地建設(shè)有支持作用，電纜研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，城市的土地儲備制度水平對于電纜入地建設(shè)有支持作用，電纜入地建設(shè)較好的先進城市，其土地儲備也比較發(fā)達入地建設(shè)較好的先進城市，其土地儲備也比較發(fā)達4土地儲備為城市提供了建設(shè)資金來源。電纜建設(shè)水平高的城市，多數(shù)是由于土地儲備提供了部分或者全部電纜建設(shè)的費用4目前，超過1/3的城市開始實行土地儲備和拍賣制度，可以預(yù)期未來電纜建設(shè)會得到更多的資金支持籌資辦法是決定電纜入地水平最關(guān)鍵的因素。目前，已經(jīng)形成了以青島的籌資辦法是決定電纜入地水平最關(guān)鍵的因

17、素。目前，已經(jīng)形成了以青島的“管線分離管線分離”方式和深圳市的方式和深圳市的“熟地熟地”方式為代表的兩種出資方式方式為代表的兩種出資方式4城市政府和供電局對于電纜供電的優(yōu)越性有一致的認識，分歧在于是否應(yīng)該由供電局負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用4資金來源是電纜建設(shè)的核心問題，尋找到適當(dāng)?shù)幕I資方式就解決了架空線入地的難題4目前，架空線入地比較成功的做法有：0青島市：“管線分離”方式；0深圳市： “熟地”方式；第一階段（第一階段（2001）主要研究結(jié)論）主要研究結(jié)論-3SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 10 -Research background at the sec

18、ond stage( 2002) 8Research goal8Research content8Research approachSINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 11 -Research goal and research contents of second stage( 2002)Research goal：Probe into different schemes which solve the key fund-raising problem on the basis of studying in 2001, confirm the tar

19、get market during 2003-2006, make the corresponding popularization tactics. Research contents:4The power supply enterprise, to the understanding providing funds and proportion of sharing liked to accept 4Research different raising funds mode of typical city 4Fund-raising mode of construction of cabl

20、e that merit attention and popularized 4Target market research:beijing、shanghai 0With copper potentiality, tactics of advancing SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 12 -Research approach of the second stage( 2002) Research approach of the second stage( 2002) The power supply enterprise pays the wi

21、ll to investigate: Study the construction investment way of the cable and investment way which the power supply enterprise can accept at present in each city. 4Investigation method: Telephone poll4Responds：chief of technique and operating department in local power supply bureaus4Sample amount: 24 ci

22、tiesTypical urban survey of the mode that different to raise funds: Study the pluses and minuses of mode of raising funds differently, fund-raising choosing to be worth popularizing and building experience.4Investigation method: depth interview4Responds: Urban planning bureau, power supply bureau, r

23、oad builds management organization and overhead wire and enters the management organization of ground4Sample amount: 6 cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Dalian, Shenyang, ShenzhenSINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 13 -Research approach of the second stage( 2002) Research approach of the seco

24、nd stage( 2002) The policy support of the power supply of cable is studied: Study the power supply of cable in the feasibility which obtains the policy support and way to cooperate with government 4Investigation method: depth interview 4Responds:0Relevant state organ: Ministry of Construction, Minis

25、try of Land and Natural Resources.0Local government organs of the target market: Planning commission of Beijing, building committee, planning the committee,etc. 0Research institution and trade organize experts: Planning institute of Ministry of Construction, the planning and design institute of Beij

26、ing, fund research center of territory,etc.SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 14 -第二階段研究主要結(jié)論第二階段研究主要結(jié)論-1土地儲備制度在國內(nèi)普遍展開，城市政府增加了收入來源、對于電纜入地建設(shè)的支持能力增強。但是由于土地儲備收入的支配在各個城市差異很大，一定時期內(nèi)還無法爭取到讓所有城市為電纜入地劃分固定的投入比例城市供電局表示不能獨立負擔(dān)電纜入地建設(shè)，愿意與城市政府共同分擔(dān)，愿意分擔(dān)的比例在1/3到1/2之間目前，架空線入地問題的解決，其決策實施中心在于各個城市而不是中央政府，但是建設(shè)部已經(jīng)開始關(guān)注地下

27、電纜與其他共同管線問題，希望從政策上掃除阻礙地下管線共同建設(shè)的障礙，預(yù)計會形成有利于架空線入地建設(shè)的政策環(huán)境SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 15 -第二階段研究主要結(jié)論第二階段研究主要結(jié)論-2通過對于不同籌資建設(shè)方式的城市進行調(diào)查，理想的架空線入地方式要滿足以下條件4把電力電纜建設(shè)當(dāng)作城市的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的一部分4共同分擔(dān)，減輕政府和供電局負擔(dān)4有制度化解決方式。變不規(guī)律的臨時項目補貼為制度化的“國土基金”4有相應(yīng)的組織和規(guī)范建設(shè)。設(shè)立專門的組織，例如“管線辦”，專職負責(zé)入地建設(shè)4引入社會投資，變無償為有償使用，提高資金投入的熱情以沈陽為代表的社會投

28、資建設(shè)管線的方式和深圳為代表的“國土基金”模式是目前比較成功和有代表性的電纜建設(shè)籌資方式SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 16 -第二階段研究主要結(jié)論第二階段研究主要結(jié)論-3北京市在奧運建設(shè)期間提供了架空線入地極大的有利條件4預(yù)計2003-2008年期間，所使用的電纜用銅將在40，000噸以上4北京市已經(jīng)實施電費加價，以支持奧運建設(shè)期間的電力建設(shè)4雖然所需的建設(shè)資金已經(jīng)解決，北京市的架空線入地仍然存在不確定性0 電費加價資金完全由供電局支配，而供電局對于電纜建設(shè)的熱情并不高，無法保證建設(shè)資金用于架空線入地建設(shè)0 政府缺乏相應(yīng)的機構(gòu)來監(jiān)督和推進架空線入

29、地，難以保證架空線入地的計劃和實施SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 17 -Part three: the acceptable way and input in replace of overhead line with underground cable for the power supply bureau 8The key factor for low underground cabling level is that the power supply bureau burdens most of the input without shar

30、ing 8The power supply enterprise expresses willingness to share the construction expenses with the local government together, Unwilling to bear alone. 8The key discrepancy hindering the local government and power supply bureau to comprise is the : whether the power cable construction is part of infr

31、astructures or not?第二部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 18 -Summary: Practice shows, fund-raising problem can only be solved by sharing together , for both the local government and power supply bureau. nThe power supply bureau neither objects nor has enthusiasm to the overhead wire entering.If

32、 does not share and support , the cable that Most cities are willing to construct will not exceed 10 kilometers every year. By the look of investigation result, 1/3 districts that bear ground-entering expenses alone have a common characteristic .4 Currently, underground-entering level is far from wh

33、ich the local government requires. The cable rate is below 30% in most cities, large cities included too. 4 It seems hard to solve the conflict between local government and power supply bureau. The local planning committee carried severe punishment on the power supply bureau when they dont build und

34、erground cable as requested. But what they have done profit little, they lack effective way if their requirement is neglected. They cant collapse the “illegal overhead line” because which will harm the citizens daily life. Most underground cable was built during the national upgrading of urban power

35、 net. With the the termination power net upgrading, the speed of underground cabling slowly down simultaneously. Experience from Guangzhou shows us that it is not feasible for the government to burden all the input too. Practice shows that ,in constructing cable, local government share the input wit

36、h power supply bureau, is the only way第五部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 19 -在過去的幾年里，借助城網(wǎng)改造，城市供電公司承擔(dān)著在過去的幾年里，借助城網(wǎng)改造，城市供電公司承擔(dān)著大多數(shù)的電纜建設(shè)費用大多數(shù)的電纜建設(shè)費用有效城市數(shù) 29 個 類型 所占比例 具體城市 政府與供電局共同分擔(dān)費用（管線分離式） 207% 廈門；洛陽；青島；珠海；深圳；武漢 政府承擔(dān)重點工程費用 310% 大同；杭州；秦皇島；西安；大連；天津；成都；南京；北京 基本電力部門承擔(dān)，開發(fā)商有部分分?jǐn)?483% 溫州；臺州；中山市；吉林；

37、南昌；蘇州；福州；齊齊哈爾；佛山；貴陽；重慶；長春；昆明；濟南 資料來源：新華信2002年市場調(diào)查20.7%31.0%48.3%政府與供電局共同分擔(dān)費用（管線分離式）政府補貼部分重點工程費用，主要由供電局負擔(dān)基本電力部門承擔(dān)架空線入地的工作主要由供電部門在承擔(dān)第二部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 20 -多數(shù)供電企業(yè)表示無力獨自負擔(dān)架空線入地，希望與地方政府共同承擔(dān)多數(shù)供電企業(yè)表示無力獨自負擔(dān)架空線入地，希望與地方政府共同承擔(dān)第二部分 愿意負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用（愿意負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用（2城市供電公司城市供電公司)不會出任何費用或僅可出很少費用不會出任何

38、費用或僅可出很少費用 （6城市供電公司）城市供電公司）愿意與政府共同分擔(dān)（愿意與政府共同分擔(dān)（16城市供電公司）城市供電公司）SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 21 -多數(shù)供電企業(yè)表示無力獨自負擔(dān)架空線入地，希望與地方政府共同承擔(dān)多數(shù)供電企業(yè)表示無力獨自負擔(dān)架空線入地，希望與地方政府共同承擔(dān)n只要市政府有規(guī)定, 供電局愿意承擔(dān),因為經(jīng)濟比較發(fā)達 ，有支付能力（1城市）n如果政府愿意投資給予支持,我們自身是愿意進行電纜入地工作的（1城市） 資料來源：2002年4-5月，新華信公司對于全國范圍內(nèi)24個城市的供電公司進行了隨機采訪，調(diào)查了對于架空線入地建設(shè)

39、問題的看法n電纜建設(shè)屬于市政工程建設(shè),應(yīng)由政府承擔(dān) 一部分費用（2城市）n電纜建設(shè)雖然是供電部門自己的事情,但是政府可以分擔(dān)費用最好 （1城市）n電纜入地應(yīng)該得到補償，供電局只負責(zé)電纜的鋪設(shè)問題 （1城市）n城網(wǎng)老化現(xiàn)象嚴(yán)重,供電局希望將更多的錢投入到電網(wǎng)改造上進行入地的話政府必須給予補償（1城市） n自己出材料,政府建溝,如果是專用電纜溝,則愿意一次向政府支付50%建溝費,如和其他管線建在一起,則需要進行核算 （1城市）n認為電纜入地牽涉部門很多, 應(yīng)有政府負責(zé)協(xié)調(diào)各部門間關(guān)系并給予補貼（1城市） n在架空線改造中，埋地電纜的管溝是市政設(shè)施,應(yīng)該由政府建設(shè)交給供電局無償使用（8城市） n城市

40、電纜建設(shè)完全由其上級單位省電力公司承擔(dān), 由市電力局自身不承擔(dān)任何費用，所以完全承擔(dān)也無所謂（1城市）第二部分愿意負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用（愿意負擔(dān)全部建設(shè)費用（2城市供電公司）城市供電公司）愿意與政府共同分擔(dān)（愿意與政府共同分擔(dān)（16城市供電公司）城市供電公司） SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 22 -相當(dāng)一部分城市供電公司認為架空線入地的主要好處是美化市相當(dāng)一部分城市供電公司認為架空線入地的主要好處是美化市容，對于電力公司而言沒有很大益處，因而不愿意投入容，對于電力公司而言沒有很大益處，因而不愿意投入n不主張電纜入地,原因,1投入大產(chǎn)出小,無收益,2把

41、架空塔建的美觀些,線路架高,下邊綠化好,也很美觀,大規(guī)模入地,出現(xiàn)故障,搶修不便 （1城市） n電纜建設(shè)是國家電力公司的事情,地方供電企業(yè)和地方政府都不該出錢 （1城市） n供電企業(yè)經(jīng)濟實力有限，沒有必要大規(guī)模建設(shè)埋地電纜 （1城市） n只愿意進行新電纜的入地工作,不愿意改建架空線，建的話需要政府自己想辦法 （2城市） n電纜入地從根本上就是政府的事情,電纜入地只是會給供電局增加麻煩 ，當(dāng)然應(yīng)該由政府負責(zé)出資建設(shè)（1城市） 第二部分不會出任何費用或很少費用不會出任何費用或很少費用 （6城市供電公司）城市供電公司）SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 23

42、 -如果與政府分擔(dān)架空線入地任務(wù)，供電局可以付多少費？如果與政府分擔(dān)架空線入地任務(wù)，供電局可以付多少費？第二部分 愿意付電纜材料費（愿意付電纜材料費（4 城市供電公司）城市供電公司）可以承擔(dān)一半以上可以承擔(dān)一半以上 （7 城市供電公司）城市供電公司）只能負擔(dān)只能負擔(dān)1/3以下（以下（12城市供電公司）城市供電公司）SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 24 -架空線入地，供電公司愿意負擔(dān)多少？架空線入地，供電公司愿意負擔(dān)多少？ 類型一： 愿意負擔(dān)一半以上費用 類型二：愿意負擔(dān)電纜費用 類型三：只愿承擔(dān) 1/3 的費用 佛山供電局 100% 烏魯木齊供電局

43、 負責(zé)材料費 宜昌供電局 30% 廈門市供電局 100% 南昌供電局 可承受材料費用的 50-70% 煙臺供電局 30% 貴陽供電局 75% 撫順供電局 可出材料費 大連供電局 20% 重慶供電局 50% 蘭州供電局 按長度計算,和其他租用管溝的部門平均分擔(dān)費用 寶雞供電局 30% 太原供電局 50% 合計：4 哈爾濱供電局 20% 濟南供電局 50% 平頂山供電局 15% 秦皇島供電局 40% 蘇州供電局 20% 合計：7 西安供電局 20% 昆明供電局 0 福州供電局 0 寧波供電局 0 大同供電局 0 合計：12 第二部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地

44、推廣研究- 25 -電力電纜是否屬于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，成為電力電纜是否屬于基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，成為“架空架空”和和“埋地埋地”之間爭論的焦點，之間爭論的焦點，城市政府認為建電纜是供電的義務(wù)，而供電局則認為架空線入地屬于公共城市政府認為建電纜是供電的義務(wù)，而供電局則認為架空線入地屬于公共設(shè)施，需要得到城市的支持。設(shè)施，需要得到城市的支持。由于沒有形成統(tǒng)一的認識，過去幾年里，供電局一直承擔(dān)著架空線改造的由于沒有形成統(tǒng)一的認識，過去幾年里，供電局一直承擔(dān)著架空線改造的主要責(zé)任，這是造成城市的電纜建設(shè)水平低的重要原因之一主要責(zé)任，這是造成城市的電纜建設(shè)水平低的重要原因之一n城市規(guī)劃與供電部門之間一直有下述的不一致認識：

45、4城市規(guī)劃部門代表性看法：供電是企業(yè)，建設(shè)電纜是它自己的事情，政府沒必要補貼4供電局代表性觀點：供電是公共基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，政府應(yīng)該給予補貼和扶持 架空絕緣線已經(jīng)可以滿足供電的需求，電纜供電太貴，沒必要第二部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 26 -Section IV Case research: enlightenment of typical cities for construct overhead wire into underground cable8Shanghai: Confrontation between Overhead and Un

46、derground is resolved through institutionalization8Shenzhen: Bring cable construction into land reservation system8Dalian: Construction of underground cable requires the treatment of infrastructure8Guangzhou: Rebuilding of overhead wire should keep power supply enterprises within bounds of investmen

47、t together with the government8Shenyang: Exploration on pipeline management method transferring from grand-in-aid to business operation8Beijing: Increasing the price of power expenditure is only adoptable for financing method of Olympic Game projects第四部分SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 27 -Sha

48、nghai: Supervisory and management systems for underground cable construction are firstly established Cable length in Shanghai is nearly 13,000 km today including 35% of underground cable and 8,000 km of overhead wire. At present, above 700 km mainly of power cables are added each year. In central di

49、strict in Shanghai, cables of 35 KV are 1000 km including about 28% of cables which have operated for more than 40 years and cables of 10 KV are 2000 km including about 14% of cables which have operated for more than 40 years Shanghai municipal government has clearly shown its altitude of against ov

50、erhead wire and actively developed power cable construction. The main measures are:4New projects much adopt power cable which should be invested by developer and power supply bureau. The range of implementation has enlarged from urban districts to rural counties Municipal residence bureau recently w

51、orked out a stipulation for construction unit that newly constructed residential areas should lay underground cable. This stipulation pointed out that in case the completing cable design solution for power supply, telephone and cable TV of residential areas being constructed, which has clearly defin

52、ed to install overhead wire, should put on record to the residential bureau of local district and county and the power cable should be laid underground For those residents in Shanghai which has been completed and approved to install overhead cable while applying base code, residential bureau will un

53、dertake investigation and deal with coordinately. For those suburban residents out of loop lines, residential bureau will, according to the consumable level of these residents, fulfill the pipeline management measures gradually and let citizens there also far away from wires and cables4Overhead wire

54、s within downtown district should be buried underground along with the road rebuilding. Government will be in charge of construction of cable groove and power supply bureau of cable layout. Pipeline Office under the municipal administration bureau will supervise underground cable construction and pu

55、nish those who violate the stipulation according to local cable construction management supervision. From our survey, we can see that these measures are well received by power supply bureaus and pipeline supervision works are very effective第四部分上海SINOTRUST新新 華華 信信電力電纜入地推廣研究電力電纜入地推廣研究- 28 -Pipeline Of

56、fice in Shanghai provide us the beneficial exploration to resolve institutionally the confrontation between Overhead and UndergroundnUpon establishment of Pipeline Office, underground construction of overhead wire of the city has had its own organizational guarantee. The office listed the Overhead a

57、nd Underground confrontation which puzzled the government in past time into their own working content and carried out the works of following aspects:4Supervision and execution of underground construction of overhead wire. For those overhead which should be buried underground, Pipeline Office will ac

58、tively coordinate with power supply bureau and ensure the execution of underground bury. In case the coordination dont achieve effect, Pipeline Office has the right to bury the cable underground by itself and charge the expenditure to the responsible party according to the stipulation4Propagation wo

59、rk of underground construction of overhead wire. underground construction of overhead wire is not only the necessity of city development but also the necessary measure of excellent power supplying services. Through organizing systematic researches and propagation, Pipeline Office can raise the recog

60、nition of power supply bureaus for underground construction of overhead wire and propel the smooth progress of underground construction of overhead wire4Research and find the most suitable underground construction of overhead wire measuresnEnlightenment of underground construction of overhead wire management from Pip