高中英語第二單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)及例題

1、Unit 2 Robots一、語言要點(diǎn)I單元要點(diǎn)預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點(diǎn)）詞匯部分詞語辨析1.desire/wish/hope/expect/want/long for2.assess/access 3.victory/success/conquest/triumph詞形變化1. satisfaction n.滿意satisfy v.使?jié)M意satisfying adj.令人滿足的satisfied adj.感到滿意的2. alarmed adj.感到驚嚇的alarm v.&n. n.警報(bào)vt. 恐嚇, 警告3.declare v.斷言，宣稱declaration n.宣布，宣

2、言，聲明重點(diǎn)單詞1. desire n.渴望 vt.想要2. satisfaction n.滿意3. alarm n.警報(bào) vt.使驚恐4. sympathy n.同情5. accompany vt.陪伴6. declare vt.宣布7. envy vt.嫉妒8. junior adj.較年幼的9. divorce n.離婚 vt.與離婚重點(diǎn)詞組test out 考驗(yàn) ring up 打電話給 turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向leavealone 不打擾 set aside 將放在一邊 be bound to 一定做 重點(diǎn)句型1. Claire didnt want the robot in h

3、er house, especially as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.3. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.重點(diǎn)語法復(fù)習(xí)被動(dòng)語態(tài)（包括動(dòng)詞不定式

4、）（I）(見語法專題) II 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1). desire/wish/hope/expect/want/long for【解釋】desire屬正式用語, 可代替wish 和want, 強(qiáng)調(diào)“主觀愿望的熱切性”, 含有“強(qiáng)烈希望做某事”的意思,wish語氣比desire弱, 一般用于“難以實(shí)現(xiàn)或不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望”,指“希望”、“愿”、“想”hope表示實(shí)現(xiàn)的可能性較大的希望expect側(cè)重“期待，預(yù)期，指望”want多用于口語式普通場(chǎng)合, 指“想”、“要”或“需要”, 表示“偏愛、選擇”或“需要、熱愛”long for表“希望，渴望”【練習(xí)】選擇desire/wi

5、sh/hope/expect/want或long for并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) I _ I could have a new car. 2) I _ a dictionary at the present time.3) He managed to get the book he _ finally. 4) I _ an immediate answer of yours.5) personally, our city team has better players and I _them to win6) He has been working abroad for years, and

6、is _ to come back and see his family very much.Keys: 1)wish 2) want 3) desired 4) desire/expect/want 5) expect 6)longing2). assess/access【解釋】assess vt. 估定, 評(píng)定。access n. 通路, 訪問, 入門【練習(xí)】選擇assess或access，并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) Damages in the great earthquake were _ at several hundred billion. 2) Only persons with

7、a permit has _to the restricted area; Keys: 1) assessed 2) access3) victory/success/conquest/triumph【解釋】victory指“在戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、競(jìng)賽、斗爭(zhēng)中獲勝”, 并有“擊敗對(duì)方或敵人”的含義success對(duì)預(yù)期的、計(jì)劃的、嘗試的事物的目標(biāo)達(dá)到conquest指“征服某國(guó)或某民族, 從而使之處于被支配地位的勝利或戰(zhàn)勝”triumph指“輝煌或徹底的勝利或成功”【練習(xí)】選擇victory/success/conquest或triumph并用其適當(dāng)?shù)男问教羁?) They won a _ in battle

8、. 2) The general with his soldiers returned home in _ 3) After the serious bomb, they succeeded in the _ of that city. 4) The conference was a _. Keys: 1) victory 2) triumph 3) conquest 4) successIII 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）1. satisfaction n.滿意satisfy v.使?jié)M意satisfying adj.令人滿足的satisfied adj.感到滿意的2. alarme

9、d adj.感到驚嚇的alarm n.警報(bào) vt. 恐嚇, 警告3.declare v.斷言，宣稱declaration n.宣布，宣言，聲明【練習(xí)】根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用括號(hào)內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1) We had a _ meal together last Sunday. All the guests are very _.(satisfaction)2) I was sleeping soundly in the early morning when a telephone _ me awake. I was even _to hear the _ news that another bo

10、mbing had hit London.(alarm)3) What _ the women most was that when they were talking about the _ new about the girl, she became so _ that she ran away as soon as she heard this.(embarrass)4) The newly-elected president _ his support for the terrorists. He must be responsible for his_. (declare)5) He

11、 _ to his friends why he was late but none of them thought his _ believable.(explain)keys:1. satisfying; satisfied 2. alarmed; alarmed; alarming 3. embarrassed; embarrassing; embarrassed 4. declared; declaration 5. explained; explanation IV 重點(diǎn)詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. desire n.渴望 vt.想要重點(diǎn)用法desire sth.渴望得到某

12、物desire to do sth.希望/渴望做某事desire that sb.(should) do要求have a desire for sth./to do sth.渴望得到某物/希望做某事at ones desire照某人的希望典例1) We all desire happiness and health.我們都希望幸福健康。2) Everyone has a desire for success, but no everyone desire to get rich.每個(gè)人都渴望成功，但并非人人都渴望金錢。3) He desires you to go to see him at

13、once.他要求你馬上去見他。=he desires that you should go to see him at once.練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他想受到大學(xué)教育。_2) 他們要我快點(diǎn)回來。_3) 我請(qǐng)他立即回信。_4) 她要你立即見她。_5) 她應(yīng)邀演奏了一曲。Keys: 1)He desired a college education. 2) They desire me to return soon. 3) I desire an immediate answer of his. 4) She desires that you (should) see her at once. 5)S

14、he played a piece at others desire/by desire.2. satisfaction n.滿意重點(diǎn)用法satisfactory n. 滿意的,satisfy v. 滿足, 使?jié)M意,demand satisfaction要求賠償;feel satisfaction at . 對(duì)感到滿意find satisfaction in對(duì).感到滿意to sb.'s satisfaction (to the satisfaction of sb.)達(dá)到使某人滿意的程度with satisfaction滿意地典例1) At last, the whole class

15、found satisfaction in their work.最終,全班都對(duì)他們的工作感到滿意。2) What he promised could not satisfy his family.他的許諾并未能使他的家人滿意。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 買到想要的東西，她滿意地離開了超市。_2) 他的試驗(yàn)結(jié)果似乎令人滿意。_3) 這些條件中你至少要符合一項(xiàng)，否則就不能成為本俱樂部的會(huì)員。_Keys: 1) Having bought what she wanted, she left the supermarket with satisfaction. 2) The result of his tes

16、t seemed to be satisfactory. 3)If you dont satisfy at least one of the conditions, you cant become a member of our club.3. alarm n.警報(bào) vt.使驚恐重點(diǎn)用法 give /raise the alarm發(fā)警報(bào)ring the alarm敲警鐘sound the alarm發(fā)警報(bào); 吹警報(bào)號(hào)take (the) alarm at對(duì).感到吃驚; 因.而驚恐be alarmed at . 被.嚇一跳典例1) We were much alarmed by the fire

17、 in the forest. 森林失火使我們大為驚慌。2) As soon as he saw the smoke, he sounded the alarm. 看見火災(zāi)爆發(fā)，他鳴響了警報(bào)。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 看到孩子們?cè)诜敌r(shí)遭遇車禍的消息， 家長(zhǎng)們感到很害怕。_2）看到大火，社區(qū)的居民發(fā)出警報(bào)。_Keys: 1) The parents took the alarm at the news that their children caught a traffic accidence when retuning the school. 2) The residents in the comm

18、unity raised the alarm when seeing the great fire. 4. sympathy n.同情重點(diǎn)用法feel /have sympathy for 同情某人in sympathy with同情; 贊成; 和.一致out of sympathy with對(duì).不同情; 不贊成; 對(duì).沒有同感, 和.不一致win sympathy of博得.的同情典例1) He gave the poor child some money out of sympathy.出于同情，他給了這個(gè)窮孩子一點(diǎn)錢。2) He is in sympathy with their bel

19、iefs. 他與他們的信仰一致.練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 聽完這個(gè)故事，他對(duì)她目前的情況深感同情。_2) 通過描述他悲慘的童年，他贏得路人的同情。_Keys: 1)After hearing the story, he felt sympathy for her present situation. 2) He won the sympathy of passers-by by describing his miserable childhood.5. accompany vt.陪伴重點(diǎn)用法accompany sb. to a place陪伴某人去某地accompany sth. with/by st

20、h. 與同時(shí)存在典例1) He accompanied his old father to the hospital to see whats wrong with his stomach.他陪他的老父親去醫(yī)院查看胃部出了什么問題。2) Thunders accompanied by heavy rain in this season are very common.這個(gè)季節(jié)，雷鳴常常伴有大雨。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 總統(tǒng)出現(xiàn)了被六個(gè)健壯的保鏢護(hù)隨著。_2) 回到家鄉(xiāng)，他的老同學(xué)們陪著他參觀了這個(gè)城市。_Keys: 1)The president appeared and was accompani

21、ed by six strong bodyguards. 2) When retuning hometown, he was shown around the city accompanied by his old classmates.6. declare vt.宣布重點(diǎn)用法declare sth.宣布declare sb./sth. (to be) +n./adj.宣布為declare thatdeclare war on/upon對(duì)宣戰(zhàn)declare against/for聲明反對(duì)/贊成典例1) She declared that she didn't want to see h

22、im again. 她宣稱她再也不愿見到他。2) Soon they will declare him the owner of the house.很快他們就會(huì)宣布他為房子的主人。3) The government passed a law that declared it illegal to catch and sell this kind of animals.政府通過法律宣布捕捉販賣這種動(dòng)物是非法的。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 那個(gè)女明星最近宣稱要嫁給一個(gè)富人然后退出舞臺(tái)。 _2) 公司宣布老板的兒子依法成為公司繼承人。_Keys: 1) The popular actress declare

23、d recently that she would marry a rich gentleman and retire from the stage. 2) The company declared the son of the boss to be the successor by law.7. envy vt.嫉妒重點(diǎn)用法envy sb. sth.妒忌/羨慕某人某物become the envy of sb.成為令人嫉妒/羨慕的事物be in envy of ones success羨慕某人的成功out of envy出于嫉妒/羨慕典例1) All her workmates envied

24、 her (for) her promotion.所有的同事都羨慕她的晉升。2) His talent for music becomes the envy of the other competitors.他在音樂方面的天分讓其他人對(duì)手感到羨慕。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 他們的新房子受到鄰居的羨慕。_2) 出于妒忌，他作了偽證_Keys: 1)Their new house made them the envy of their neighbors. 2)He made the fault witness out of envy.V 重點(diǎn)詞組 （旨在提供綜合運(yùn)用所需材料）1. test out 考驗(yàn)

25、；試驗(yàn)典例1) This model had been tested out before it was put into production.這個(gè)型號(hào)經(jīng)過試驗(yàn)后才進(jìn)行大批量生產(chǎn)。2) Before the lecture, the professor is used to testing out the whole experiment.上課前，這個(gè)教授習(xí)慣先將整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)試驗(yàn)一番。短語歸納test on sb./sth.在(身上)做實(shí)驗(yàn)/試驗(yàn)have/take a test in 參加考試練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 成千上萬的人們將參加這周日的公務(wù)員考試。_2) 那個(gè)咨詢顧問習(xí)慣先將新的政策在他自己的

26、公司里進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。_Keys: 1) Tens of thousands of people will take an entrance test for government officers this Sunday. 2) The consultant would test the new policy on his own company first.2. ring up 打電話給短語歸納ring back回電話ring off 掛斷電話;停止講話ring a bell喚醒經(jīng)常是模糊的記憶ring up the curtain 開始：開始一場(chǎng)演出，一個(gè)事件或一次行動(dòng)典例1) I have

27、to ring off now because my friend is waiting for me.我朋友在等我，我得掛電話了。2) On arriving at the airport, he rang up his mother to say everything was ok.一到達(dá)機(jī)場(chǎng)，他就打電話給他母親報(bào)平安。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 今早他剛起床就有人給他打電話了。_2) 見到老板進(jìn)來，他趕緊掛斷電話假裝在工作。_Keys: 1) The moment he got up this morning , someone rang him up. 2) Seeing his boss co

28、ming, he hurried to ring off and pretended to be working. 3. turn around 轉(zhuǎn)向 典例1) He heard a voice but when he turned around, he saw nobody.他聽到聲音，但轉(zhuǎn)身卻沒發(fā)現(xiàn)有人。2) As he walked towards the hotel, he suddenly turned around and found an old lady following him.當(dāng)他朝旅館走去時(shí)，突然轉(zhuǎn)身發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)老婦人跟著他。短語歸納turn away把(臉)轉(zhuǎn)過去turn

29、 against背叛,反抗turn on/off打開/關(guān)掉turn up出現(xiàn)/調(diào)大(音量)turn down拒絕,調(diào)小(音量)turn out結(jié)果是;證明是;練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 那年輕的女士無法想象要是她的丈夫背叛她的話會(huì)是怎么樣。_2) 雖然貧窮，但是女孩毅然地拒絕了別人的幫助。_Keys: 1) The young lady cannot imagine what if her husband turns against her. 2) Though poor, the girl turned down others help firmly.4. leavealone 不打擾短語歸納leav

30、e behind留下,遺留leave aside(把某事)擱置一邊leave for出發(fā)前往leave out省去,遺漏,不考慮典例1) Leave him alone and he will produce. 別打擾他，他會(huì)寫出來的。2) He was asked to leave for another city in 24 hours.他被要求24小時(shí)內(nèi)離開到另一個(gè)城市去。3) The teacher required us to leave out some unnecessary words in our essays.老師讓我們將論文中不必要的詞語省去。4) You shouldn

31、t have left Andy alone in the mountains; it was very dangerous.你不該將Andy留在山上，因?yàn)槟欠浅ＮｋU(xiǎn)。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 老板捐款潛逃了，只留下一間空廠房。_2) 聽到警報(bào)，警察丟下家人沖出去看發(fā)生了什么事。_Keys: 1) The boss escaped with all his fortune and left an empty factory behind. 2) Hearing the alarm, the policeman left his family behind and rushed out to see w

32、hat happened.5. set aside 將放在一邊;節(jié)省或保留(時(shí)間,金錢)短語歸納set down寫下,記下set off開始動(dòng)身(for a place)set up創(chuàng)立，建立，搭起set out出發(fā)，著手做某事（to do sth.）set about doing 著手做，開始做 典例1) Would you please set aside some time to listen to my real idea?你可以騰出點(diǎn)時(shí)間聽聽我的想法嗎?2) The department set aside the things they were doing and concent

33、rated on a more urgent task.這個(gè)部門的成員放下手頭的事情,全力以赴一項(xiàng)更緊急的任務(wù).練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 父親放下報(bào)紙點(diǎn)了一支煙。 _2) 他努力工作省下錢給他兒子上大學(xué)。_Keys: 1) Father set aside the newspaper and lit a cigarette. 2) He is working hard to set aside some money for his son to go to college. 6. be bound to 一定做 典例1) We missed the bus. We're bound to be

34、 late.我們錯(cuò)過了那趟車，我們肯定要遲到了。2) She's bound to be mayor.她注定會(huì)成為市長(zhǎng)。練習(xí) 漢譯英1）他那么用功，一定會(huì)成功的。_2）這項(xiàng)新發(fā)現(xiàn)對(duì)于人類必定大有用處。_Keys: 1) With much hard work, he is bound to succeed. 2) The new discovery is bound to be of great service to mankind.VI 重點(diǎn)句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1. Claire didnt want the robot in her house, especiall

35、y as her husband would be absent for three weeks, but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldnt harm her or allow her to be harmed.克萊爾并不想把機(jī)器人留在家里，特別是在她丈夫離加三周的這個(gè)期間。但是，克萊爾被拉里說服了。他說，機(jī)器人不會(huì)傷害她，也不會(huì)讓別人來傷害她。解釋 to be harmed：動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。典例1) All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to be received in t

36、ime for Christmas.所有的這些禮物必須及時(shí)郵寄，以便在圣誕節(jié)及時(shí)收到。2) It remains to be seen whether Jimll be fit enough to play in the finals.吉姆最后是否適合演出仍將拭目以待。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 小湯姆假裝被射中了哭喊著要糖吃。2) 此藥得一日三次，飯后服用。_Keys: 1)Little Tom pretended to be shot and cried for a candy. 2) The medicine is required to be taken three times a day af

37、ter meals.2. As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.當(dāng)他轉(zhuǎn)過身時(shí)，（她發(fā)現(xiàn)）Gladys站在那兒。解釋 there stood Gladys Claffern倒裝句。在謂語為動(dòng)詞go, come, run, stand, live等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞及be動(dòng)詞的句子中,為了強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中一些副詞there, here, up, down, in, out, away等，可將副詞置于句首，若這時(shí)主語是名詞，句子用全倒裝；若是代詞，則不用倒裝。典例1) There comes the teacher and her studen

38、ts.老師和她的學(xué)生們來了。2) Out rushed the boys.男孩們沖了出去。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 年輕的母親抱著手里兩個(gè)月大的嬰兒跑開了。_2) 走進(jìn)來了生氣的老板和他的秘書。_Keys: 1) Away ran the mother with a two-month-old baby in her arms. 2) In came the angry boss and his secretary.3. Asimov began having stories published in science fiction magazines in 1939.1939年，阿西莫夫開始在科幻雜

39、志上發(fā)表文章。解釋 have sth. done 表示“請(qǐng)某人做某事”，或“遭遇到某事”(賓語與賓補(bǔ)為被動(dòng)關(guān)系)have sb. do讓某人做have sb./sth. doing讓不停地做典例1) We had our photo taken by a passer-by.我們請(qǐng)了個(gè)過路人給我們照相。2) Be careful. Its easy to have your pocket picked in a crowd like this.小心點(diǎn)，在這樣的人群中容易被偷。3) The coach has us doing the same thing all day. Its boring

40、.教練讓我們整天做同樣的事情，真乏味4) As you have never been there before, Ill have someone show you the way.既然你以前沒去過，那我找人帶你去。練習(xí) 漢譯英1) 與對(duì)手角逐時(shí)，他大腿受傷了不得不放棄比賽。_2) 殘忍的老板讓他的工人們整天工作。_3) 班主任讓班長(zhǎng)他不在時(shí)管理班級(jí)。_Keys: 1) When struggling with the competitor, he had his leg broken and had to give up the match. 2) The cruel boss had h

41、is employees working all the morning. 3) The head teacher had the monitor manage the whole class when he was absence. 二、課文要點(diǎn)1課文詞匯等填空（旨在復(fù)習(xí)本課文中的單詞拼寫和主要詞語等）根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容完成下面語法填空，注意單詞拼寫和詞語用法：A robot used for housework was tested 1 in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth black hair, 2 (s

42、peak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot to 3 （陪伴）his wife Claire. Claire didnt like the idea at the beginning, but she 4 to it at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire felt embarrassed. 5 （漸漸地） , Tony began to win Claires trust. He helped Claire realiz

43、e her dreams 6 making her home elegant, giving her a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all she guests 7 were invited were filled with admiration 8 they saw her house was completely changed. 9 the test, the company was satisfied wit

44、h Tonys report because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10 fall in love with him.答案：1. out2. speaking3. accompany4. agreed5. Gradually6. by7. who8. when 9. After10. and2課文大意概括 （旨在訓(xùn)練用30個(gè)單詞概括大意的能力）閱讀課文，試著用30個(gè)單詞概括課文大意，再比較答案在Clair家接受測(cè)試的機(jī)器人Tony能幫上她很多忙。Clair漸漸地愛上了他因?yàn)樗侨绱送昝赖囊粋€(gè)人。這使得這個(gè)機(jī)

45、器人不得不再重新組裝。_答案：Tony, a robot which was tested out in Clairs family could helped Claire a lot. Claire gradually fell in love with Tony because he was such a perfect man, which caused the robot to be rebuilt. 3課文佳句背誦與仿寫 （旨在培養(yǎng)對(duì)難句的理解和運(yùn)用能力）1.【原句】He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice although his facial expression never changed.他雖然面部表情毫無變化， 但是個(gè)子高大、相貌英俊，頭發(fā)平整，聲音低沉渾厚。 模仿要點(diǎn) 描寫人物時(shí)使用多種修飾語【模仿1】她是個(gè)善良可愛的小姑娘園園的臉，大大的眼睛，雪白的牙齒，留著波浪般的長(zhǎng)發(fā) _答案：She is a kind and lovely girl, with a round face, big eyes, white teeth and long waving hair. 【模仿2】他是個(gè)長(zhǎng)相很滑稽的男