天然藥物化學(xué)專業(yè)詞匯

1、中藥生藥草藥民族藥地產(chǎn)藥材道地藥材中成藥海洋生藥學(xué)藥用植物學(xué)植物化學(xué)植物化學(xué)分類學(xué)生藥拉丁名學(xué)名來源混淆品類同品偽品代用品摻偽天然產(chǎn)物化學(xué)成分有效成分主成分活性成分莽草酸途徑乙酸一丙二酸途徑乙酸- 甲瓦龍酸途徑單糖戊糖己精庚糖辛糖脫氧糖呋喃糖吡喃糖寡糖二糖三糖四糖五糖多糖淀粉菊糖黏液樹膠果膠半纖維素纖維素甲殼質(zhì)肝素硫酸軟骨素玻璃酸直鏈淀粉支鏈淀粉糖原費(fèi)林試驗(yàn)苷糖雜體苷元苦杏仁酶氰苷酚苷多酚醛苷醇苷吲哚苷樹脂醇苷硫苷呫噸酮呫噸酮苷蒽醌蒽醌苷蒽酚氧化蒽酚蒽酮二蒽酮羥基蒽醌博恩特雷格反應(yīng)黃酮類黃酮苷黃酮黃烷黃酮醇黃烷酮黃烷酮醇異黃酮異黃烷酮新黃酮類雙黃酮查耳酮環(huán)菠蘿烷達(dá)瑪烷胡蘿卜烷木栓烷原萜烷螺甾烷

2、羊毛甾烷花色素花色苷原花色素白花色素白花色素苷多烯色素色烷色酮橙酮皂苷皂苷元原皂苷元甾體皂苷甾體皂苷元三萜皂苷三萜皂苷元溶血指數(shù)泡沫試驗(yàn)強(qiáng)心苷強(qiáng)心苷元強(qiáng)心甾海蔥甾蟾蜍甾植物脫皮甾醇一級(jí)苷原始苷次級(jí)苷凱凱反應(yīng)凱達(dá)試驗(yàn)萊加爾試驗(yàn)香豆素苷香豆素環(huán)烯醚萜苷環(huán)烯醚萜裂環(huán)烯醚苷裂環(huán)烯醚萜苷木脂體木脂內(nèi)酯新木脂體木素萜萜類半萜單萜倍半萜二萜三萜四萜多萜齊墩果烷揮發(fā)油精油鞣質(zhì)鞣酸可水解鞣質(zhì)縮合鞣質(zhì)鞣酐鞣花鞣質(zhì)沒食子鞣質(zhì)生物堿碘化汞鉀試劑碘化鉍鉀試劑碘化鉀碘試劑硅鎢酸試劑磷鉬酸試劑苦味酸試劑礬酸銨一濃硫酸試液鉬酸銨一濃硫酸試液甲醛一濃硫酸試液雙縮脲反應(yīng)脂肪脂肪油去油蠟飽和脂肪酸不飽和脂肪酸皂化酸敗有機(jī)酸樹脂油樹

3、脂樹膠樹脂香樹脂香脂酸苷樹脂苦味素色素微量元素吖啶生物堿阿樸啡類生物堿芐基異喹啉生物堿雙芐基異喹啉生物堿雙吲哚生物堿咪唑生物堿吲哚生物堿吲哚聯(lián)啶生物堿吲哚烷胺生物堿異喹啉生物堿大環(huán)生物堿嗎啡烷生物堿羥吲哚生物堿菲啶生物堿苯烷胺生物堿哌啶生物堿嘌呤生物堿吡啶生物堿吡咯生物堿吡咯聯(lián)啶生物堿喹唑啉生物堿喹啉生物堿喹啉聯(lián)啶生物堿甾體生物堿萜類生物堿四氫異喹啉生物堿莨菪烷莨菪烷生物堿除蟲菊素類traditional Chinese drugcrude drugmedicinal herbethnic drugnative drugfamous-region drugChinese patent medi

4、cinemarine pharmacognosymedicinal botanyphytochemistryplant chemotaxonomyLatin name of crude drugscientific namesourceadulterantallied drugcounterfeit drugsubstituteadulterationnatural productchemical constituenteffective constituentmain constituentactive constituentshikimic acid pathwayacetate-malo

5、nate pathwayacetate-mevalonate pathwaymonosaccharidepentosehexoseheptoseoctosedeoxysaccharide, deoxysugarfuranosepyranoseoligosaccharidedisaccharidetrisaccharidetetrasaccharidepentosaccharidepolysaccharidestarchinulinmucilagegumpectinhemicellulosecellulosechitinheparinchondroitin sulfatehyaluronic a

6、cidamyloseamylopectinglycogenFehling testglycosideheterosideaglyconeemulsincyanogenic glycoside, cyanogeneticglycosidephenolic glycosidepolyphenolaldehyde glycosidealcoholic glycosideindole glycosideresinol glycosidethioglycosidexanthonexanthonoid glycosideanthraquinoneanthraquinone glycosideanthran

7、oloxanthranolanthronedianthronehydroxyanthraquinoneBorntrager reactionflavonoidflavonoid glycosideflavoneflavaneflavonolflavanoneflavanonolisoflavoneisoflavanoneneoflavonoidbiflavonechalconecycloartanedammaranedancanefriedelaneprotostanespirostanelanostaneanthocyanidinanthocyaninproanthocyanidinleuc

8、oanthocyanidinleucoanthocyaninpolyene pigmentchromanechromoneauronesaponinsapogeninprosapogeninsteroid saponinsteroid sapogenintriterpenoid saponintriterpenoid sapogeninhaemolytic indexfoam testcardiac glycosidecardiac aglyconecardenolidescillanolidebufanolidephytoecdysteroidprimary glycosideprimiti

9、ve glycosidesecondary glycosideKeller-Kiliani reaction, K-K reactionKedde testLegal testcoumarin glycosidecoumariniridoid glycosideiridoidsecoiridoidsecoiridoid glycosidelignanlignanolideneolignanligninterpeneterpenoidhemiterpenemonoterpenesesquiterpenediterpenetriterpenetetraterpenepolyterpeneolean

10、anevolatile oilessential oiltannintannic acidhydrolysable tannincondensed tanninphlobapheneellagitanningallotanninalkaloidMayer's reagentDragendorff's reagentWagner's reagentBertrand's reagent, silicotungstic acid reagentSonnenschein's reagent, phospho-molybdic acid reagentHager&

11、#39;s reagent, picric acid reagentMandelin test solutionFrohde test solutionMarquis test solutionbiuret reactionfatfatty oilde-fattingwaxsaturated fatty acidunsaturated fatty acidsaponificationrancidityorganic acidresinoleoresingum resinbalsambalsamic acidglycosidal resinbitter principlepigmenttrace

12、 elementacridine alkaloidaporphine alkaloidbenzylisoquinoline alkaloidbisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloidbisindole alkaloidimidazole alkaloidindole alkaloidindolizidine alkaloidindolylalkylamine alkaloidisoquinoline alkaloidmacrocyclic alkaloidmorphinane alkaloidoxindole alkaloidphenanthridine alkaloidph

13、enylalkylamine alkaloidpiperidine alkaloidpurine alkaloidpyridine alkaloidpyrrolidine alkaloidpyrrolizidine alkaloidquinazoline alkaloidquinoline alkaloidquinolizidine alkaloidsteroid alkaloidterpenoid alkaloidtetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloidtropanetropane alkaloidpyrethroid-acetal 醛縮醇acetal- 乙酰acid

14、酸-al 醛alcohol 醇-aldehyde 醛alkali- 堿allyl 丙烯基alkoxy- 烷氧基-amide 酰胺amino- 氨基的-amidine 脒-amine 胺-ane 烷anhydride 酐anilino- 苯胺基aquo- 含水的-ase 酶-ate 含氧酸的鹽、酯-atriyne 三炔azo- 偶氮benzene 苯bi- 在鹽類前表示酸式鹽bis- 雙-borane 硼烷bromo- 溴butyl 丁基-carbinol 甲醇carbonyl 羰基-caboxylic acid 羧酸centi- 10-2chloro- 氯代cis- 順式condensed 縮

15、合的、冷凝的cyclo- 環(huán)deca- 十deci 10-1二-dine 啶dodeca- 十二-ene 烯epi- 表epoxy- 環(huán)氧-ester 酯-ether 醚ethoxy- 乙氧基ethyl 乙基fluoro- 氟代-form 仿-glycol 二醇hemi- 半hendeca- 十一hepta- 七h(yuǎn)eptadeca- 十七h(yuǎn)exa- 六hexadeca- 十六-hydrin 醇hydro- 氫或水hydroxyl 羥基hypo- 低級(jí)的，次-ic 酸的，高價(jià)金屬-ide 無氧酸的鹽，酰替胺，酐-il 偶酰-imine 亞胺iodo- 碘代iso- 異，等，同-ite 亞酸鹽ke

16、to- 酮ketone 酮-lactone 內(nèi)酯mega- 106meta- 間，偏methoxy- 甲氧基methyl 甲基micro- 10-6milli- 10-3mono- ( mon-) 一，單nano- 10-9nitro- 硝基nitroso- 亞硝基nona- 九nonadeca- 十九octa- 八octadeca- 十八-oic 酸的-ol 醇-one 酮ortho- 鄰，正，原-ous 亞酸的，低價(jià)金屬oxa- 氧雜-oxide 氧化合物-oxime 肟oxo- 酮oxy- 氧化-oyl 酰para- 對(duì)位，仲penta- 五pentadeca- 十五per- 高，過petro- 石油phenol 苯酚phe