中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法思維導(dǎo)圖13動(dòng)詞

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)助動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)+動(dòng)詞原形助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形獨(dú)立充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞be動(dòng)詞“保持”“變化”感官動(dòng)詞be+adv.+adj“如何是”become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,staylook,sound,taste,smell,feel常接形容詞作表語(yǔ)主謂一致情態(tài)動(dòng)詞意思答語(yǔ)表示推測(cè)may答語(yǔ):肯定Certainly./Sure./Yes,you can.否定Sorry, but you cant/mustnt“一定”must“必須” Must I？Yes, you must.No, you neednt/dont h

2、ave to.“不得不” Do I have to.? Yes, you must. No, you neednt/dont have to.“需要”實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：not need to do sth. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：neednt do sth.Would you like to do?答語(yǔ)“Id like to” “Id like to, but.”had better “最好(不)做某事”Youd better do/Youd better not do “可能”may,might,could“不可能”cant助動(dòng)詞狹義概念：“贈(zèng)送的”擴(kuò)展概念：“自帶的”do,does,did凡謂語(yǔ)由兩部分構(gòu)成之

3、前者句型操作及答語(yǔ)實(shí)義動(dòng)詞身份助動(dòng)詞身份/強(qiáng)調(diào)功能實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)名稱被動(dòng)：be+done及物動(dòng)詞必須跟賓語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞不直跟賓語(yǔ)謂動(dòng)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)do/doesdidbe+doingwas/were+doingwill+dowould+dohave/has+donehad+done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞選項(xiàng)有無(wú)被動(dòng)只需考慮時(shí)態(tài)該而不:感官發(fā)生實(shí)現(xiàn)出版使役動(dòng)詞正常不帶to被動(dòng)則帶意思需要時(shí)間，標(biāo)志意思平時(shí)經(jīng)常做某次過(guò)去做現(xiàn)在正在做過(guò)去正在做現(xiàn)在將要做過(guò)去將要做到現(xiàn)在已做到過(guò)去已做動(dòng)詞詞形變化三單現(xiàn)在分詞過(guò)去式、過(guò)

4、去分詞+ss,x,sh,ch,o+es輔+yi+es不規(guī)則+ing去e+ing雙寫+ingiey+ing+ed輔+yi+ed雙寫+ed不規(guī)則輔元輔，且重讀，不忘雙寫尾字母（除組合外）時(shí)態(tài)判斷所用時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)間一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)on Sundays一般過(guò)去時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)ago, yesterday, last week, in 1989 now, these daysat this time yesterday, at that timetomorrow,this afternoon,next yearthe next dayso far,in the past year

5、s,since標(biāo)志頻率/真理/時(shí)間條件狀從at the age of 5,just now,when+從look, listen與頻度副詞連用when+過(guò)in+時(shí)間段常用于賓從中already,yet,ever,never,before,for過(guò)去完成時(shí)by yesterday/then/the end ofwhen+過(guò)before+過(guò)，by+過(guò)完成時(shí)句中,與for,since,how long連用時(shí),動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)形式go to, come to be in/at leavebe away (from) arrivebe in/atdie be kead begin/startbe on en

6、d be overbuy have join be a member of/be in borrowkeep get marriedbe married make friends withbe friends withhave gone to“去了”人不在這里, have been to“去過(guò)”人在這里¤強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：It is +一段時(shí)間+since+過(guò)去時(shí) “自以來(lái)，已經(jīng)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間了”動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)意思結(jié)構(gòu)搭配動(dòng)詞+介詞doing動(dòng)詞+副詞be+adj.+介詞賓語(yǔ)一律后置代賓中，名中后非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式to do現(xiàn)在分詞doing過(guò)去分詞done作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)被視為單數(shù)作主語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)作

7、賓補(bǔ)作定語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)賓從省略式常被形主it代替be+to do “是做”被形賓it代替省to不省要后置，省介否表目的，原因疑問(wèn)詞+to do判定:后有謂動(dòng)be doing“正在做”have sth. done使被be done“被做”不定式作主語(yǔ)常被形式主語(yǔ)it代替，而把to do 置于句尾It is +adj./n.+(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth. It takes +sb. +st. +to do sth.后接to do的動(dòng)詞：like, ask, wish, hope, dare, offer, decide, help, long, learn, start, be

8、gin, agree, refuse, want, expect, promise, pretend, plan, manage, afford, prepare被形賓代替：think/find/make+ it+adj. +(for sb./of sb.)+to do sth.后接sb. to do的動(dòng)詞：force, teach, get, tell, know, help, ask, invite, wish, want, warn, wait for, allow, require, cause, advise, order, encourage, like常用省略to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的

9、動(dòng)詞有：have, make, let, feel, see, observe, look at, listen to, notice, watch, hear, discover(被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)要還原to) 結(jié)構(gòu)有：had better do, would rather do(than do), cant but do, do nothing but do, have nothing to do but do, why do?, why not do?作定語(yǔ)：要后置。若不定式是不及物動(dòng)詞，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)其后介詞不能省。 (修飾的名詞是time,place,way 時(shí)其后上常省略介詞)作狀語(yǔ)：表

10、目的：go to sp. to do /do sb. can to do /follow sb. to do 表原因：be sorry to do/be happy to do/be pleased to do后接doing的動(dòng)詞：advise,allow,avoid,miss,mind,enjoy,finish,keep,put off,give up,keep on,practice,imagine,consider,cant help,cant stop,suggest,cant stand動(dòng)詞中考點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)非謂動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞詞義辨析近六年河北中考動(dòng)詞原題再現(xiàn)2006年32.Han

11、gzhou is a nice city. My Dad me there when I was about ten years old. A.pulledB.caught C.took D.brought33.Physics more interesting than maths. A.are B.is C.was D.were34.I on the computer when Jim came to see me yesterday evening.A. drawB.drew C.was drawingD.am drawing35.My father on business for two

12、 weeks. Hell return in 3 days. A.leftB.has left C.has gone D.has been away12分 36.-Could you please tell Peter that I want to talk to him? -Sure, I will let him know as soon as he back. A.comesB.came C.has come D.will come37.The children to swim last month and they can swim very well now. A.are taugh

13、t B.were taught C.have taughtD.taught39.He has failed several times, but he wont . A.go onB.come on C.get up D.give up40.We often hear her after class. A.sing B.to sing C.sings D.sang41.Hes flown to Qingdao for summer holidays, he? Aisnt B.wasnt C.hasnt D.doesnt44.-Listen! Is that Kate? -No. It be K

14、ate. She has gone to London. A.may not B.neednt C.mustnt D.cant83.“Ive （長(zhǎng)大）.I can help with some housework.”she said to her parents.84.Please （關(guān)掉）the lights before you leave.2007年 32. -Must I finish the work today? -No, you _. You can finish it tomorrow. A. mustnt B. cant C. shouldnt D. neednt 33. I

15、ll do it better if the teacher _ me another chance. A. give B. gives C. gave D. will give 35. When I went to say goodbye to Anna, she _ the piano. A. is playing B. plays C. was playing D. played 37. Henry speaks Chinese very well. He _ in China since 2002.12分 A. stays B. stayed C. is staying D. has

16、stayed38. How much does the ticket _ from Shanghai to Beijing? A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay 39. You bought a new computer last week, _ you? A. arent B. dont C. didnt D. havent 40. There _ a talk show on CCTV-4 at nine this evening. A. will have B. is going to be C. is going to haveD. is staying 4

17、2. We _ to close the windows before we left the lab. A. tell B. told C. are told D. were told44. He _ a piece of waste paper, and put it into the rubbish bag. A. picked up B. threw away C. looked forD. handed in 82. The glasses he _(戴) a moment ago are broken. He needs a new pair. 84. Alice is so ni

18、ce that everyone likes to_(交朋友)her.85. Dont be afraid of making mistakes in class. You wont be_(嘲笑)2008年26. There     a lot of rain in this area in August every year.A.is   B.was C.are   D.were27. The children     a P.E. class on the playground when

19、it suddenly began to rain.A.have         B.are having     C.had          D.were having32. Nick     a new camera. He has taken lots of pictures with it.A.buys    

20、;        B.is buying        C.bought         D.will buy33. -Please bring your homework to school tomorrow, Steven. -OK. I _    .A.will       

21、;     B.wont             C.do            D.dont11分 34. Thomas, please be quiet. The others      hear very well.A.cant    

22、0;     B.musnt            C.shouldnt     D.neednt35. Last year, Li Hua, a college student,      to work for the Olympic Games.A.is choosing   B.is chosen    

23、60;  C.was choosing D.was chosen38. Hows Annie? I      her for a long time.A.dont see      B.wont see       C.didnt see   D.havent seen37.   _   those lights, please. Dont use so much energy

24、.A.Take off        B.Put on            C.Turn off      D.Turn on77.We practised          (唱)English songs for one and a half hours today.79.

25、XuLi,with his friends,               (拾起)waste paper in the park every Sunday.80.Do you know this table                  (由制成)bamboo?2009年 29. Th

26、is silk dress _ so smooth. Its made in China. A. tastesB. smellsC. sounds D. feels33. My friend _ me. I have to leave now.A. waits forB. waited for C. is waiting forD. was waiting for34. Dont put off todays work for tomorrow. I mean, todays work _ today.A. may doB. must doC. may be done D. must be d

27、one11分 36. Keep practicing and you _ your English.A. improveB. will improveC. improvedD. were improving37. The news _ very interesting! Tell me more! A.is B.are C.were D.was38. Be sure to let Tom know the notice as soon as he _.A. will arrive B. was arrivingC. arrives D. arrived39. More and more you

28、ng people are trying to do something _ the old.A. servedB. to serveC. serveD. serves40. Sally, _ your sunglasses. The sun is so bright.A. put onB. put upC. put awayD. put down42. I _ the wrong thing. Can I use your eraser?A. writeB. wroteC. am writingD. will write44. Helen loves to talk about travel

29、. She _ many places.A. has gone to B. has been to C. has gone for D. has been from84. They _ (同意) us on some matters yesterday afternoon. 2010年31. Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon? Yes, you _.A. must B. can C. may D. need33. Id like you _ for a picnic with us.A. go B. to go C. going

30、D. went35. Mike _ his computer and checked his e-mail.A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down10分 36. Everyone _ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong.A. find B. think C. finds D. Thinks37. Hong Kong_ to be a good place for eating today.A. knows B. knew C. is known D. was

31、 known38. This term_ over. The summer vacation is coming in two weeks.A. is B. was C. has been D. will be39. I_ a mistake. Please dont be angry with me.A. make B. made C. will make D. had made41. My brother left school in 2005, and since then he _ in Beijing.A. lives B. lived C. will live D. has liv

32、ed44. I_ my clothes, and the phone rang.A. wash B. washed C. am washingD. was washing84. Steven_ (參加) the school dancing club last year.2011年28.There_lots of people at the restaurant when I got there. A.is B.was C.are D.were32.Whenever you have a chance _ English, you should take it.A.speak B.to spe

33、ak C.spoke D.speaks11分 35.Would you please _ my baby brother while Im cooking?A.take out of B.take care of C.take part in D.take away from36.You _ eat the soup if you dont like it. A.shouldnt B.mustnt C.neednt D.cant37.This sentence _ right. Please write it down.A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells38.

34、My sister wants a new dress. She _ it to the party.A.wears B.has worn C.wore D.is going to wear40.I didnt hear you because I _ the news on the radio.A.listen to B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to42.I _ my homework, I guess I cant join you.A.dont finish B.didnt finish C.havent finished D.wont finish44.The Spring Festival _ in January or February.A.celebrates B.is celebrated C.celebrated D.was celebrated84.We Chinese sometimes _(借)words fr