高中英語選修六第3講：Unit16 Stories-語法篇（學(xué)生版）

1、.Unit 16 Stories 語法篇_1、 掌握過去完成時的用法；區(qū)分一般過去時與過去完成時的用法。2、掌握并區(qū)分have/get后加復(fù)合賓語的用法。一. 過去完成時1. 定義：過去完成時是表示在過去某一時間或某一動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成的動作、事情。它表示的是發(fā)生在“過去的過去的動作，只有在和過去某個時間或動作相比較的時候才會使用過去完成時。2. 構(gòu)成： 肯定式：had + 動詞的過去分詞  否認(rèn)式：hadn't + 動詞的過去分詞 疑問式：Had + 動詞的過去分詞 簡單答復(fù): Yes, 主 + have/ha

2、s had. No, 主 + had.3. 用法：表示在過去某一時間或某個動作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)完成的動作或狀態(tài)，強(qiáng)調(diào)在過去某一動作之前發(fā)發(fā)生了另一動作，即“過去的過去。此句中常有by引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句或以before, until, when, than等詞引導(dǎo)的一般過去時的時間狀語從句。By yesterday evening I had learnt about the news. 昨晚我就已經(jīng)得知了這個消息。By the time they arrived, the bus had left. 他們到的時候，公交車已經(jīng)分開了。They were sorry they had

3、 never been to the Great Wall. 他們因從未去過長城而感到遺憾。表示一個動作或狀態(tài)在過去某個時間之前發(fā)生或存在，一直持續(xù)到這個過去時間，并有可能持續(xù)下去。此時句中常有for或since構(gòu)成的時間狀語或since，after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。He had worked for more than 10 hours before we arrived. 在我們到達(dá)之前，他已經(jīng)工作10多個小時了。She said she had made great progress since she came here. 她說自從她到這兒已經(jīng)獲得了很大進(jìn)步。表達(dá)過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望，

4、意思是“本打算希望.，常用以下動詞的過去完成式來表示：plan, want, hope, think, intend, mean, suppose, expect等。They had wanted to help but couldn't get there in time. 他們本想去幫助，但沒能及時趕到那兒。用于no sooner.than, hardly/scarcely.when句型中，意為“一.就.。No sooner had he sat down than the phone rang. 他剛坐下 鈴就響了。用于it was the first/second.time t

5、hat及it was.since.后的從句中This was the first time he had ever been late. 這是他第一次遲到。It was three years since we had left the city. 那時我們分開那座城市已有三年。二. 過去完成時與一般過去時的區(qū)別1. 一般過去時表示過去時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，而過去完成時表示在過去某一時間或動作之前已經(jīng)完成得動作或狀態(tài)，即“過去的過去。當(dāng)強(qiáng)調(diào)過去某一動作發(fā)生在另一動作之前時，常用過去完成時。比較：The class had already begun when I ca

6、me to school. 當(dāng)我來到學(xué)校時，已經(jīng)開場上課了。He had gone home before I got to his office. 在我到達(dá)他的辦公室之前，他就已經(jīng)回家了。2. 一般過去時與過去完成時都可以和確定的表示過去的時間狀語連用，但側(cè)重點(diǎn)有所不同。比較：They had done the work at five o'clock. 在5點(diǎn)鐘的時候他們已經(jīng)完成了那項(xiàng)工作。They did the work at five o'clock. 他們是在五點(diǎn)鐘做那項(xiàng)工作的。3. 在帶有after或before引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句的復(fù)合句中，由于從句的動作和主句的

7、動作發(fā)生的先后順序已經(jīng)非常明確，所以可以用一般過去時代替過去完成時。He called on me soon after he had returned. 他回來不久便來拜訪我了。=He called on me soon after he returned.The train had left before I got to the station. 我到站之前，火車已經(jīng)分開了。=The train left before I got to the station.三. have/get + 復(fù)合賓語have, get后接三種形式做賓語補(bǔ)足語時，have, get意為“使，讓，叫。1. ha

8、ve/get sth. done 使/讓某事由別人去做叫/讓某人做某事I'll have/get my bike repaired tomorrow. 明天我會叫人給我修自行車。誤區(qū)警示：have sth. done 還表示“使某事/某物遭受.。Tom had his leg broken while playing football. 湯姆踢足球時，一條腿摔斷了。2. have sb./sth. doing sth. 使/讓某人/某物持續(xù)地做某事如今分詞表示主動和正在進(jìn)展； get sb./sth. doing sth. 使某人/某物開場做某事The peasants had the

9、 tractors working day and night at the harvest time. 在收獲的時節(jié)，農(nóng)民們讓拖拉機(jī)夜以繼日地工作。The captain got the soldiers moving toward the front after a short rest. 休息了片刻之后，上尉讓士兵們開場朝前線行進(jìn)。誤區(qū)警示：have sb. doing假設(shè)用于否認(rèn)句中，have有“容忍之意。I can't have you speaking to your parents like that. 我不會容忍你跟你的父母那樣說話。Don't have the

10、 water running all the time. 不要讓水流個不停。3. have sb. do sth./get sb. to do sth. 使/讓/叫某人去做某事Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt. 媽媽讓我去商店買些鹽。I can't get him to stop smoking. He won't listen to me. 我不能阻止他吸煙。他不聽我的。例1.2019 北京高考I found the lecture hard to follow because it _ _ when I arriv

11、ed.A. startedB. was startingC. would startD. had started例 2.2019 山東高考Writing out all the invitations by hand was more time-consuming than we _ _.A. will expectB. are expectingC. expectD. had expected例3.2019 陜西高考No sooner _ _ stepped on the stage than the audience broke into thunderous applause.A. ha

12、d Mo YanB. Mo Yan hadC. has Mo YanD. Mo Yan has例4.2019 浙江高考Sofia looked around at all the faces: she had the impression that she _ _ most of the guests before.A. has seenB. had seenC. sawD. would see例5. They might just have a place _ _ on the writing course-why don't you give it a try?A. leftB.

13、leaveC. leavingD. to leave根底演練一. 用括號里所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He _ _ _ abandon his wife and daughter before he became a famous violinist.2. He was trembling all the way because he was told the news that his son _ _ _ knock an old lady over on his way home.3. When she turned around the corner, she found that t

14、he road _ _ _ already been _ _ _ block out.4. He _ _ _ gather all his courage to ask for a pay rise before he went to work that day, but was still too nervous to tell it to his boss.5. He _ _ _ go through lots of hardship before he came here, but he didn't lose heart.6. Once upon a time, a king

15、liked horses very much and he often had artists _ _paint horses for him.7. In the old society, people sometimes had to have their children _ _abandon for lack of money.8. It occurred to me that I could have the vase _ _preserve in the museum.9. You shouldn't get yourself _ _discourage. After all

16、, you are not alone on this point.10. You can't get the stubborn boy _ _change his mind.二. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. He _ _ in Shanghai University for four years before he _ _ Beijing.A. studied, had goneB. had studied, wentC. has studied, goesD. had studied, had gone2. Mary said it was at least five years since

17、he _ _ a good drink.A. enjoyedB. was enjoyingC. had enjoyedD. would enjoy3. Xiao Pei said she _ _ Hainan for 3 months.A. has been inB. had been inC. had been toD. had gone to4. He was unhappy when he sold his guitar. After all, he _ _ it for a very long time.A. has hadB. had hadC. hasD. had5. You ca

18、n't have the horse _ _ all the way. It's too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running穩(wěn)固進(jìn)步一. 用括號里所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She _ _ _ count on her uncle to support her before she graduated from university.2. At last, the sufferings he _ _ _ suffer paid off and his biography came out at last.3. On hi

19、s way to the station, he came across an old classmate he _ _ _ not see for a long time.4. I still didn't figure out what _ _ _ happen to her because she was discouraged whenever I met her.5. It was the second time that he _ _ _ burst out of the classroom without permission.6. The troublesome boy

20、 had his father's car window _ _break.7. You shouldn't have had the precious time _ _waste on the computer games.8. The traffic jam had them _ _hold up on the cold winter morning.9. It was severe cold. No matter how hard I tried, I still couldn't get the car _ _run again.10. The clever m

21、an had the complex physical problem _ _figure out in an instant.二. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. Last month, students in Xiuning High School got involved in the sports meeting, for which they _ for quite a long time. A. has preparedB. preparedC. had preparedD. would prepare2. Before driving into the city, you are require

22、d to get your car _ _.A. washedB. washC. washingD. to wash3.2019 安徽高考The twins, who _ _ their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.A. will finishB. finishC. have finishedD. had finished4. Do you think you could get this parcel _ _ for me, please?A. mailedB. to mailC. mailingD.

23、mail5. He _ _ football regularly for many years when he was young.A. was playingB. playedC. has playedD. had played一. 用動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. We _ paint the house before we _ move in. 2. That rich old man _ make a w

24、ill before he _ die. 3. They _ study the map of the country before they _ _ leave. 4. The robbers _ run away before the policemen _ _  arrive. 5. 

25、;I _ turn off all the lights before I _ go to bed.6. Paul _ go out with Jane after he _ make  a phone call. 7. Tom _ say he _ read 

26、;the book twice. 8. Our plan _ fail  because we _ make a bad mistake. 9. When the chairman _ finish speaking, he _ leavethe hall. 10. The Reads _ 

27、; have lunch when I _get to their house. 二. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. The police found that the house _ _ and a lot of things _. A. has broken into, has been stolenB. had broken into, had been stolenC. has been broken into, stolenD. had been broken into, stolen2. By the en

28、d of last century, we _ _ our country into a strong modern country.A. will buildB. had builtC. have builtD. will have built3. We _ the work by six yesterday evening. A. finishedB. would finishC. had finishedD. had been finished4. I _to help you but couldn't get here in time. A. wantB. had wanted

29、C. have wantedD. was wanting5. Mrs. Wu told me that her sister _. A. left about two hours beforeB. would leave about two hours before C. has left about two hours agoD. had left about two hours before6. When I reached home, my parents _their supper.A. are havingB. have already hadC. have hadD. had al

30、ready had7. It seemed that the old man _ something important. A. has lostB. had lostC. lostD. would lose8. We will have you _ that the machine has been made _ at full speed.A. know; workingB. know; to workC. knowing; workD. know; work9. Did you see Xiao Li at the party? No, _by the time I arrived. A

31、. she'd leftB. she's leftC. She was leftD. she must leave10. The job proved to be much more difficult than I_ _. A. expectB. expectedC. would expectD. had expected_一. 單項(xiàng)選擇。1. We couldn't catch up with the others because they _ _ too long before us. A. startedB. were startingC. have start

32、edD. had started2. She felt anxious about her son as she _for quite a long time. A. haven't heard himB. hadn't heard himC. haven't heard from himD. hadn't heard from him3. By the time the speaker entered the hall, all the listeners _ _. A. had been seatedB. were seatedC. seatedD. wer

33、e seating4. By the end of last July, this building _. A. will be finishedB. will have finishedC. will have been finishedD. had been finished5. By the time the war _ _, most of the people had left. A. was beganB. was broken outC. broke outD. had been broken out6. If she _ _ harder, she would have suc

34、ceeded. A. had workedB. have workedC. should workD. worked7. I won't have you _ _ to your mother in that way. A. sayB. talkingC. talkedD. speak8. -Some money is missing. -Well, we must get the police _ at once. A. to informB. informingC. informed ofD. informed9. That dinner was the most expensiv

35、e meal we _ _. A. would haveB. have hadC. had never hadD. had ever had10. When Jack arrived, he learned Mary _ _ for almost an hour.A. had goneB. had set ofC. had leftD. had been away二. 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最正確選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。We are all called upon to a make a speech at some point in life, but m

36、ost of us dont do a very good job. 1 .So, you have to give a speech-and you are terrified. You get nervous, you forget what you want to say, you stumble結(jié)結(jié)巴巴over words, you talk too long, and you bore your audience. Later you think, “Thank goodness, it is over. I am just not good at public speaking.

37、I hope I never have to do that again.Cheep up! 2 . Here are some simple steps to take the pain out of speech making. Ask yourself the purpose of your speech. What is the occasion? Why are you speaking? Then, gather as many facts as you can on your subject. Spend plenty of your time doing your research. Then spend plenty of time organizing you