五年級英語語法及練習(xí)

1、五年級語法There be 句型與have, hasThere be 句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、there be句型與have(has) 的區(qū)別：there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。There be 句型是客觀存在的“有”，表示在某地有某物（或人），是一種存在關(guān)系。 eg：There is a book on the desk. Have/has 指的是主觀上的“擁有，持有”，表示某人擁有某物，是一種所屬關(guān)系。 Eg: I have a book.2、在there be 句型中，there 只起到引導(dǎo)作用，并無實(shí)際意義。句中真正主語是謂語動

2、詞be后面的名詞。Be動詞有人稱，數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化：主語是單數(shù)，be 動詞用is ; 主語是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動詞用are 。3.如有幾件物品，be 動詞根據(jù)最近be 動詞的那個名詞決定（就近原則）。4、there be 句型的否定句在be 動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be 動詞調(diào)到句首，肯定回答：Yes, there is/are. 否定回答：No,there isnt/arent.5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑問句。6、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句， or 用于否定句或疑問句。7、針對

3、數(shù)量提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語？ How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語？8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是： Whats + 介詞短語？練習(xí)：Fill in the blank with “have,has”or “there is , there are”1. I_a good father and a good mother.2. _a telephone on the desk.3. He_a tape-recorder.4. _a basketball in the play

4、ground.5. She_some dresses.6. They_a nice garden.7. What do you_?8. _a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike_?10. _any books in the bookcase?11. My father_a story-book.12. _a story-book on the table.13. _any flowers in the vase?14. How many students_in the classroom?15. My parents_some nice

5、 pictures.16. _some soup on the table.17. _a map of the world on the wall.18. David_a telescope.19. Davids friends_some tents.20. _many children on the hill.Fill in the blank with “ have, has ”1. I_ a nice puppet.2. He_a good friend.3. They_ some masks.4. We_some flowers.5. She_ a duck.6. My father_

6、 a new bike.7. Her mother_a vase.8. Our teacher_ an English book.9. Our teachers_a basketball.10. Their parents_some blankets11. Nancy_many skirts.12. David_some jackets.13. My friends_a football.14. What do you_?15. What does Mike_?16. What do your friends_?17. What does Helen_?18. His brother_a ba

7、sketball.19. Her sister_a nice doll.20. Miss Li_an English book.改為否定句：There is some milk in the bottle._填be動詞。There _ a book and two pens on the desk.There _ two pens and a book on the desk.Be 動詞Be動詞是動詞的一種，其中“am，is，are”用于一般現(xiàn)在時。Be動詞在句中不能單獨(dú)作謂語，多與后面的名詞或形容詞等構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。Be動詞的使用口訣：我用am，你用are，is跟著他她它。單數(shù)is，復(fù)數(shù)are

8、。用be動詞填空。1. This bed _ too soft.2. Where _ the cakes?3. There _ three beds and a chair in the room.4. There _ a book and a pen on the chair.5. My sister and I _ in the same class.6. Two and five _ seven.7. There _ a lot of sheep on the farm.8. Who _ singing in the room? Liuhua is.9. There _ some wat

9、er in the bottle.10. He can _ a teacher.語法及練習(xí)4 一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹 一般現(xiàn)在時的概念表示經(jīng)常、反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作或現(xiàn)在存在的狀態(tài)。一般現(xiàn)在時的標(biāo)志詞：頻率副詞：Always, usually, often, sometimes, 時間狀語：Every 一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1. be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary

10、likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語。一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. 否定句：有be動詞，be動詞后+not有情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞后+not有動詞，借助動詞do/does后+not2. 一般疑問句：有be動詞，be動詞提前有情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞提前有動詞，借助動詞do/does提前3.特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞一般疑問句一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not

11、go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooki

12、ng.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang

13、 _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.二、按照要求改寫句子。1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) _2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _5. We go to school every morning.(改為

14、否定句) _6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句) _7. I like taking photos in the park.(對劃線部分提問) _8. John comes from Canada.(對劃線部分提問) _9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答) _10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句) _三、改錯(劃出錯誤的地方，將正確的寫在橫線上)1. Is your brother speak English? _2. Does he lik

15、es going fishing? _3. He likes play games after class. _4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _5. She dont do her homework on Sundays. _動詞三單的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies練習(xí): 寫出下列動詞

16、的第三人稱單數(shù)drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the Worl

17、d Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(lo

18、ok) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be)

19、 it today? Its Saturday 第三人稱單數(shù)主語1. 人稱代詞he，she，it2. 單個人名，地名或稱呼3. 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或“this、that+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)”4. 不定代詞someone,somebody,nobody,everything,something 及指示代詞this，that名詞一名詞分類。名詞分為可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)之分。二可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. Ch和部分O結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-bo

20、xes, watch-watches Photo-photos,3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives5單復(fù)同型：fish-fish, deer-deer, sheep-sheep, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese6.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： 改變中間的原因字母：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewo

21、man-policewomen, foot-feet,tooth-teeth詞尾加-en或-ren：child-children ,ox-oxen不規(guī)則：mouse-mice三不可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞主要是物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。不可數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式，也不能與a，an連用。四不可數(shù)名詞量的表示方法1.用some, much, a little, a lot of, lots of等表示多少。2用量詞表示：在表示“一”個數(shù)量概念時用a cup of, a bottle of, a glass of等，若要表達(dá)兩個或兩個以上得概念，量詞用復(fù)數(shù)，不可數(shù)不變，eg: two cups of tea練習(xí)：寫出

22、下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)。I _him _this _ her _ watch _ book_ bus_ Chinese_ a cup of tea_ house_ child _ photo _ diary _day_foot_ dress _tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ yo-yo _ peach_ sandwich_man_woman_paper_people_單選。1.He does many _.A.work B.job C.works D.jobs 名詞所有格名詞所有格一般是在名詞后面加上s，意為“。的”，表示所屬關(guān)系。1. 一般情況下，在

23、單詞詞尾+s2. 以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在詞尾+3. 不以s結(jié)尾的不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞，在詞尾+s4. 若表示兩者各自擁有的東西，在兩個名詞后面都+s；若表示兩者共同擁有一個東西，則只在后面的名詞后+s5. 一些表示日期，時間，距離，國家名稱的無生命的名詞，也可加s6. 如果s后面的詞是商店，住宅等地點(diǎn)，后面的名詞要省略。 感嘆句感嘆句通常由what或how 引導(dǎo)，用以表示贊美、驚嘆、喜悅等感情，句末一般用感嘆號。一感嘆句句型：1. What +a (an)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語+動詞+！What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或可數(shù)名詞（+主語+其他）！Eg: What a beautiful gir

24、l (she is)! What beautiful girls (they are)!2. how+形容詞/副詞（+主語+動詞）！How beautiful (the girl is)!二感嘆句口訣：陳改感嘆并不難，what或how放最前；形副緊跟how后，what要和名詞連；主語謂語在句末，它們省略也常見。三“一斷，二加，三換位”法。一斷：在謂語后面斷開，使句子分為兩部分。Eg：He is / a good teacher.二加：在第二部分前加上how或what。Eg：He is / what a good teacher.三換位：把第一部分和第二部分位置互換，句號改成感嘆號。Eg：Wha

25、t a good teacher he is!將下列句子改為感嘆句。1. The ship is big._2. This film is very good._3. He works very hard._4. It is a nice book._ _ nice present it is!5. It is a funny day today._ _ sunny day it is day!6. She plays basketball well._ _ she plays basketball! Too 的用法1.表示“也”的意思，用于句末。Eg: Nice to meet you .

26、Nice to meet you ,too.2.表示“太”，強(qiáng)調(diào)程度。3.有關(guān)too的短語： “much too”表示“太.”=too “too much+不可數(shù)名詞” 表示“太多.”=much “too many+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)” 表示“太多.=many “tooto”表示“太。而不能?！?too與alsotoo與also都有也的意思，兩者都用于肯定句中，但位置不同。Too常用于句末，口氣輕，多用于口語Also常用于句中，口氣較重，多用于書面語。 基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞基數(shù)詞：表示數(shù)目多少的數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞：表示先后順序的數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞前要加the?；鶖?shù)詞變序數(shù)詞口訣：基變序，有規(guī)律，詞尾加上th；一二三，

27、特殊記，詞尾字母tdd；八去t，九去e，f 要把ve替。Ty要把y變i，記住th前有個e。若是遇見幾十幾，只變個位九可以。用所給數(shù)詞填空。1. Sunday is the _ day of a week. (one)2. There are _ hours in a day. (twenty four)3. His sister is _ years old.(ten)4. Ten and five is _.(five)5. Teachers Day is on the _ of September.(ten) Some 和any Some和any都有“一些”的意思，既修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，又修

28、飾不可數(shù)名詞。Some和any的用法口訣：肯定句中用some，否定、疑問用any。但有兩點(diǎn)特殊記：若表邀請或請求，疑問也要用some。若表“任何一個“接單數(shù)，肯定也要用any。 Let型祈使句Let+賓語+動詞原形+其他（let sb. do sth.）1. 表示“建議，勸導(dǎo)”2. 表示“請求，命令” 表示到做某事的時間了Its time for+名詞It s time to +動詞 句子類型1. 肯定句變否定句：1） 有be動詞，be動詞后加not2） 有情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞后加not3） 有實(shí)義動詞，借助動詞do或does，再加not2. 肯定句變一般疑問句：1） 有be動詞，be動詞提前2

29、） 有情態(tài)動詞，情態(tài)動詞提前3） 有實(shí)義動詞，借助動詞do或does，把do或does提前3. 特殊疑問句特殊疑問詞+一般疑問句 喜歡做某事Like doing動詞ing形式的變化規(guī)則：1） 大部分動詞直接在詞尾+ing2） 以不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾的詞，先去e，再加ing3） 以單個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)動詞，先雙寫末尾的福音字母，再加ingLike doing 和like to doLike doing和like to do 都表示“喜歡做某事”Like doing表示的是愛好或者經(jīng)常性的行為Like to do表示的是某一次的具體的行為。 情態(tài)動詞can的用法Can的用法口訣：“我”是情態(tài)

30、動詞can，若表能力我承擔(dān)；不管主語怎么變，can的模樣都不變；動詞原形站后邊，一般疑問can提前；否定can后not添，學(xué)好can很簡單。 表達(dá)擅長做某事Be good at+動詞ing/名詞/代詞 詢問職業(yè)1. what +do/does +主語+do ?2. what +is/are +s(物主代詞)+job? Help的用法1 Help sb. with sth.幫助某人做某事2 Help sb. do sth.幫助某人做某事詢問某人怎么了Whats wrong with.?=whats the matter?詢問別人多大了How old+be+主語？Look out小心Wait a

31、minute等一下Dont worry.別擔(dān)心First, nextthenfinallyMerry Christmas!( )1.Kate_playingchess. Aam Bis Care( )2.Areyouwashingclothes?_. AYes,youare.B.Yes,Iam.C.No,Iam( )3_doyoudoontheweekend? AWhatBWhenCWho( )4.Ishe_TV?Yesheis. AwatchBwatchingCnot( )5_theytakingpictures?Yes,theyare. AAm BBe CAre( )6-Whats_wit

32、hyou?Iamhungry.- A.wrongB.likeC.wouldD.happy( )7Whendowehave_?_At12oclock. A.breakfastB.dinnerC.supperD.lunch ( )8Whatwouldyouliketoeat? _Idlikeapizza ._? _Ahotdog,please. A.Whatdoyoudrink B.Howaboutyou C.Whataboutyou D.Whyaboutyou( ）9Isthereaforestinthepark?Yes,there_. A.Is B.isnt C.are D.arent（）10

33、Arethereanyriversinthecity?No,there_.A.isB.isntC.areD.arent( ）11There_twobedrooms,alivingroomandabathroom.A.is B.am C.are D.was( ) 12Thisisapicture_myroom.A.onB.ofC.underD.beside一、名詞復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds2以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-w

34、atches3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結(jié)尾，變f或fe為v,再加-es，如：knife-knives5不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)：man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese練習(xí)：寫出下列各詞的復(fù)數(shù)I

35、_him_this_her_watch_child_photo_diary_day_foot_book_dress_tooth_sheep_box_strawberry_thief_fish_peach_sandwich_man_woman_paper_juice_water_milk_rice_tea_二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時的構(gòu)成1.be動詞：主語+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一個男孩2.行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語。當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he,she,it)時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Marylik

36、esChinese.一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1.be動詞的變化。否定句：主語+be+not+其它。如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be+主語+其它。如：-Areyouastudent?-Yes.Iam./No,Imnot.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Whereismybike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語+dont(doesnt)+動詞原形(+其它)。如：Idontlikebread.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：Hedoesntoftenplay.一般疑問句：Do(Does)+主語+動詞原形+其它。如：-Doyouoftenplayfo

37、otball?-Yes,Ido./No,Idont.當(dāng)主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問句。如：-Doesshegotoworkbybike?-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesnt.特殊疑問句：疑問詞+一般疑問句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?動詞+s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks2以s.x.sh.ch.o結(jié)尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes3以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾，變y為i,再加-es，如：study-studie

38、s一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練一、寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)drink_go_stay_make_look_have_pass_carry_come_watch_plant_fly_study_brush_do_teach_二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1.Heoften_(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy_(be)inClassOne.3.We_(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick_(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._they_(like)theWorldCup?6.What_theyoften_(do)onSaturdays?

39、7._yourparents_(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl_(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI_(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There_(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike_(like)cooking.12.They_(have)thesamehobby.13.Myaunt_(look)afterherbabycarefully.14.Youalways_(do)yourhomeworkwell.15.I_(be)ill.Imstayinginbed

40、.16.She_(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.17.LiuTao_(do)notlikePE.18.Thechildoften_(watch)TVintheevening.19.SuHaiandSuYang_(have)eightlessonsthisterm.20.Whatday_(be)ittoday?ItsSaturday.三、按照要求改寫句子1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改為否定句)_2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_3.Shelikesmilk.(改為一般疑問句，作肯定回答)_4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_5. Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改為否定句)_6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改為否定句)9.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改為一般疑問句，作否定回答)_10.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改為否定句)三、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為b