劍橋商務(wù)英語(yǔ)BEC中級(jí)寫(xiě)作講義(1)VIP

1、無(wú)BEC 中級(jí)寫(xiě)作電子講義中級(jí)寫(xiě)作電子講義第三講 商務(wù)便函與便條審題：Mr Smith, your boss, told you to ask Ms Liu to attend a sales presentation on a new product.Write a note to Ms Liu:*saying who wants her to attend the sales presentation;*informing her when and where the sales presentation will be held有同學(xué)寫(xiě)成 Mr Smith told me to ask

2、who wants to attend有同學(xué)寫(xiě)成 Please write a note to Ms Liu asking her to attend a sales presentation.一定要把題目看清楚，再下筆寫(xiě)。（一）商務(wù)便函一般公司企業(yè)往往都印有按照自己公司風(fēng)格的商業(yè)便函，請(qǐng)看下列例子：MemoTo：(收信人)From:（發(fā)信人）Date:（日期）Subject:（事由）Message:（正文）大企業(yè)往往擁有許多分支機(jī)構(gòu)，其商務(wù)便函信箋就包含較多的內(nèi)容，如：MemoTo：(收信人)Company：(分公司)Dept：(部門(mén))Location & Ext：(地址與分機(jī)號(hào))S

3、ubject:From:Company：DeptLocation & Ext:Date:Message:商務(wù)便函一般由以下幾個(gè)部分組成：1、 Memo：Memo 是 Memorandum 縮寫(xiě)， 因此也可以用 Memorandum， 此外還有 InternalMemorandum 和 Interoffice Memorandum，其意思都是一樣的。2、To：這一標(biāo)題后面應(yīng)寫(xiě)收信人的姓名與職銜，姓名前可以用尊稱(chēng)或不用，如：To：Mr. John Smith，Sales Manager無(wú)3、From：這一標(biāo)題后應(yīng)寫(xiě)發(fā)信人的姓名與職銜：職銜可根據(jù)需要決定寫(xiě)或不寫(xiě)，但姓名前不要用尊稱(chēng)。4、Da

4、te：日期的寫(xiě)法同書(shū)信里日期寫(xiě)法的要求完全一樣，不要用數(shù)字來(lái)表示月份。5、Subject：這一標(biāo)題后是寫(xiě)事由的，即用一個(gè)或幾個(gè)詞匯簡(jiǎn)單概括便函的內(nèi)容，以便查閱。事由必須簡(jiǎn)潔明了，不要用完整的句子，如：Changes in Travel Advance FormPromotion of StaffVacation ScheduleParticipation in Training Programmes6、Message商務(wù)便函還可以根據(jù)實(shí)際需要在末尾增加發(fā)信人的姓名首字母、附件、副本抄送等。例SCHOOL OF ENGLISH FOR BUSINESSMEMORANDUMTo:Mr. Kings

5、wick, Course CoordinatorFrom:Barnsby CampbelDate:19 November, 1995Subject: Lesson Plan for 28 November LectureI intend to teach memo writing in my next lecture. I plan to cover the following plans:1. Inside AddressThis is omitted in a memo. As internal communication the reason is obvious.2. Greeting

6、It is mere polite to put Mr., Mrs. or Ms before and the office after the name of the recipient Youmay sometimes address the readers as a group.3. SubjectThis is a phrase to tell the reader what the memo is about. Sometimes only the phrase is givenwithout the word Subject before it.4. BodyThese shoul

7、d be short, less than 10 lines, and concentrate on only one paragraph one idea each:Sometimes for memos with three or more paragraphs, it is advisable to begin each with a headingin capital letters to tell what the paragraph is about. Another practice is numbering the paragraphsfor easy reference la

8、ter on.5. Carbon copyThis is written as c.c. for short. As in a letter, it lists the persons who are also receiving thememo.6. SignatureOnly the initial is needed, The office and name in print of the writer are omitted. In more casualmemos there is no signature at all.Any thought on my notes?Anythin

9、g to add? Let me know at tea break.c. c. Mr. P.L. Ducke, Training Officer無(wú)（二）商務(wù)便條商務(wù)便條一般有四個(gè)組成部分：日期、稱(chēng)呼、正文、簽名。一些公司有印好的便條箋。如:MessageTo:Date:MessageTelephone MessageFor:From:Tel.:Message:Action required:Please call backCaller will call back laterNo action requiredMessage taken by:DateTime例：讓秘書(shū)通知推遲約會(huì)9 a.

10、m.Miss Wang ,Ive got an urgent meeting today. Please contact the applicants to postpone the interviews tillfurther notice.DS分類(lèi)：1 告知信息 inform2 布置安排 arrange3 征求意見(jiàn) request4 詢問(wèn)信息 enquire5 求助申請(qǐng) apply6 推薦建議 suggest1 告知信息類(lèi)例題：You are a manager at an auditors called Golding & Co. Your company has just me

11、rged with a無(wú)competitor to become MasonGolding. You have been asked to inform staff of the change of name.Write a memo of 40 - 50 words:*informing staff of the new name*telling them when to start using the new name*asking staff to use only the new name after that time.收購(gòu)與兼并 merger and aquisition范文：As

12、 a result of our merger with Mason&Co., the name of our company will be changedMasonGolding. Please start to use the new name on 1 March 2006. You are reminded that only thenew name can be used from then on.remind/ advise總結(jié)：告知用詞tell notify mention express inform explain note report adviseI am wr

13、iting to tell/inform you that.I am writing to explain. (tell your boss why you cannot attend)I am writing to express (my regret)例題You are the training manager of a company which has won a large export order. You have beenasked to organise foreign language training for some of your staff.Write a memo

14、 to staff:explaining why the courses are necessarysaying which members of staff should attendannouncing when the courses will startWrite 40-50 words on a separate sheet.范文To:All staffFrom: the Training ManagerDate: 1 March 2005Subject: AForeign Language Training CourseI was asked to organise a forei

15、gn language training course because of the large export order wereceived recently. It will start on 15 March and will last 2 weeks. Those who will deal with ordersshould attend this course.2 布置安排類(lèi)You are Head of Research for an international car manufacturer. You have to make an urgenttrip tomorrow

16、to visit Pierre Blanco, a colleague who works for a subsidiary.Write a memo of 40-50 words to your secretary:telling her who you are going to see and when無(wú)asking her to book flight tickets and accommodationtelling her what work you would like her to do in your absence.Write on yourAnswer Sheet.subsi

17、diary, parent company, holding company, affiliate, branch, headquarters, representativeoffice范文：I need to have an urgent meeting with Pierre Blanco of our Paris office tomorrow. Please book areturn ticket to Paris and a hotel room for me as soon as possible. During my absence, please keepme informed

18、 of the progress of the project. If there is anything urgent, give me a phone call.注意口氣：比較 open the door；please open the door;could you please open the door？I would be grateful if you could open the door for me.I would appreciate it if you could open the door.例文You are the manager of a small export

19、company. Peter Watson, an important client, is visiting yourcompany for three days from 22 October.Write a note of 40-50 words to your secretary:Asking her to book a hotel roomSaying where the hotel should beGiving her the dates范文比較下面三篇作文，注意內(nèi)容點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)氣的區(qū)別。作文 1：Dear Ms Jones,I am writing to inform you tha

20、t Mr Peter Watson will be visiting our company. Would you pleasebe so kindly as to reserve a suitable room for him?Yours sincerely作文 2：Hi Mary,Look. Im really sorry to have to trouble you but Peter Watson a really important client isvisiting the company for three days in October, starting on 22nd, t

21、o discuss a contract with us.Please will you book for Mr Watson a really nice hotel room as soon as possible? Thanks verymuch.See you soon!作文 3 Mary,Mr Peter Watson is visiting us in October. Could you please hire a hotel room for him? He isarriving on 22nd October and will stay for three nights. If

22、 possible, the hotel should be one nearthe office. Thank you.無(wú)3 詢問(wèn)信息類(lèi)例 5You are the factory manager of a car company. You are waiting for urgently needed componentsfrom your purchasing department.Write a note to Mr Grayson, theAssistant Purchasing Manager:enquiring about the reason for the delay;sta

23、ting when the components are needed;suggesting a meeting to discuss future deliveries.Write 40 - 50 words on your Answer Sheet.范文I am writing to enquire about the reason of the late delivery of the ordered components. We needthe components by next Monday. In order to smooth our cooperation, I sugges

24、t that we have ameeting to discuss future deliveries.4 征求意見(jiàn)類(lèi)例文You are a Project Team Leader. You have had to postpone your next project meeting because someof the members of your team will be abroad.Write a memo of 40-50 words to your project team:informing them of the postponing and giving the reas

25、onstating a new date and time for the meetingrequesting suggestions for the agenda.Write on yourAnswer Sheet.詞匯：postpone; delayagenda, schedule, timetable范文I am writing to inform you that the next project meeting will be postponed. Because several teammembers will be abroad for another project, we w

26、ill hold our next meeting on 1 August, startingfrom 9am. Please let me know if you have any suggestions as to the agenda of the meeting.最后一句話可以替換為：Do you have any suggestions regarding the schedule?I welcome your suggestions concerning the timetable.5 求助申請(qǐng)類(lèi)例題You have lost your calculator, and you wa

27、nt to order a new one. You need to make a writtenrequest to your supervisor,Ann Ray.Write a memo to hersaying that you need a replacement無(wú)explaining what happened to the old oneasking her to approve the requestWrite about 40-50 words.范文I am writing to apply for a replacement calculator. I found the

28、old one missing after the clientmeeting yesterday. As a calculator is essential to my daily work, could you kindly approve thisrequest?例題You would like to go to a seminar on presentation skills.Write an email to your line manager:requesting time off work to go to the seminarsaying when the seminar i

29、sexplaining why you want to goWrite 40-50 words on a separate sheet.詞匯：line and staff management, line manager, staff manager句型：May I have your permission to do sth?范文To: Nick JohnsonSubject: Presentation Skills SeminarI would like to attend a seminar on 3 April.It is about presentation skills. Sinc

30、e I have to make many presentations to customers, thisseminar will be very useful.Could you tell me if its possible to take time off work to attend this seminar?ThanksAngela6 推薦建議類(lèi)例題Your companys Sales Department has asked you to give a talk next Friday on your most recentproject.Write an email to M

31、rs Jay in the Sales Department:agreeing to give the talk and suggesting a timesaying what equipment you will needrequesting information about the participants.Write 40-50 words on a separate sheet.句型：I think.Why not.Shall we.I suggest.無(wú)總結(jié)用法：總結(jié) suggest 用法suggestsuggest doing sthsuggest eg suggest a h

32、olidysuggest that sb do sthrecommendrecommend recommend some articlesrecommend to sb (eg a friend)recommend doing sth (eg putting another board up)recommend that sb do sth范文To:Anna JaySubject: Talk Next FridayI would like to give the talk suggested by you and I think 9.30am, after the break, would b

33、e theperfect time.Required equipment: - Overhead Project-Flipchart with PensPlease give me some information about the people participating.Renate第四講 商務(wù)信函（上）與前面題型的共性區(qū)別：值得注意的是，大作文本身的特性1 讀者不同對(duì)內(nèi)/對(duì)外2 信息點(diǎn)數(shù)量3/53 閱讀量小/大4 字?jǐn)?shù)要求40-50 / 120-140信函要求：1、 研究收信人的興趣所在2、 采用恰當(dāng)?shù)恼Z(yǔ)氣體諒對(duì)方的態(tài)度(You-Attitude) / 自我為中心的態(tài)度(I-Attit

34、ude or We-Attitude)。3、語(yǔ)氣自然真誠(chéng)請(qǐng)比較下面兩組例句：無(wú)Instead ofSayI have pleasure in informing you I am pleased to tell youto say 4、言簡(jiǎn)意賅5、有禮有節(jié)，善解人意禮貌用語(yǔ)，如 your kind enquiry，your esteemed order，your valued custom6、避免行文冗長(zhǎng)請(qǐng)比較下面兩組例句:Instead ofSayPlease see that an enquiry is conducted todetermine the reason.Please fin

35、d out the reason.7、避免陳詞濫調(diào)請(qǐng)比較下面的例句：OPENINGSInstead ofSayAdverting to your favourRe (your letter)The writer, wished to acknowledgeReferring to your letterOrThank you for your letterWe are in receipt ofWe began to acknowledgeWe have to acknowledgeWe have receivedWe beg to inform youWe beg to think youW

36、e are writing to inform youWe thank youYour esteemed favour to handYour letter to handYours to handWe have received your letterENDINGSInstead ofSayThe favour of your early reply will be obligedI shall be glad to hear from you.Assuring you d our best attention at all timesWe beg to remainWe remainAwa

37、iting the favours of your early replyOmit all these.MISCELLANEOUSInstead ofSayas peraccordingtoidem., inst., prox., the monthif it is within our powerif we canit will be our constant aim.we shall tryof even dateof today無(wú)only too pleased tovery glad toperbyPlease be good enough to advise usp

38、lease tell ustake an early opportunityact promptlyyesterday s dateYesterdayyour communicationyour letter, phone, message, etc.your good selfyouyour favoryours of the 15thyour letteryour letter of the 15thUnder separate coverseparately, or better still,by registered post, etc.8、措詞精確有力（1）選用簡(jiǎn)單的詞匯請(qǐng)比較下面兩

39、組例子：在書(shū)信中多使用單詞而不是詞組，在報(bào)告中詞組應(yīng)比單詞使用頻率高一些。請(qǐng)比較下面兩組例子：Instead ofSaywill you be good enough topleasein the near futuresoonat the present timenowcome to a decisiondecideexpress a preference forpreferfor the reason thatbecause前面的語(yǔ)言報(bào)告表述多，后面的語(yǔ)言書(shū)信表述多。運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)明的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)。請(qǐng)比較下面兩組例子：Instead ofSayEvery consideration will be

40、 given to yourrequest.Your request will be carefully considered.It gives us much pleasure to inform you.I am pleased to tell you (or to say).（2）保持詞語(yǔ)釋義的一致性避免出現(xiàn)一詞多義避免多詞一義的錯(cuò)誤（3）用詞準(zhǔn)確避免詞義不清的表達(dá)方式，如 considerable quantity，favourable price，appreciable rise。（4）措詞具體、形象請(qǐng)比較下面兩組例句：Instead ofSayWe have no hesitati

41、on in advising you.We advise you.無(wú)The preparation of new salary scales is inhand.Now salary scales are being prepared.9.避免單調(diào)平乏(1) 松散句與掉尾句松散句掉尾句I have an interview as soon as I arrived.As soon as I arrived, I had an interview.(2) 長(zhǎng)句和短句請(qǐng)看下面的段落：We regret to have to complain that you have not yet delive

42、red the goods ordered a month ago.（Medium）They are now urgently wanted. (Short) The customer for whom we ordered themthreatens to cancel his older unless he receives the goods during next week. (Long) Pleasetherefore arrange to deliver them at once. (Short)（3）語(yǔ)序變化英語(yǔ)句子的正常語(yǔ)序是：主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)序的變化可以起到強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。請(qǐng)看

43、下面的例句：正常語(yǔ)序：I met your representative yesterday.強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)序：Yesterday I met your representative. (強(qiáng)調(diào) yesterday)還可以運(yùn)用 It isIt was 引導(dǎo)的強(qiáng)調(diào)句式。正常語(yǔ)序：We note with surprise the contents of your letter.強(qiáng)調(diào)語(yǔ)序：It is with surprise that we note the contents of your letter.10、全盤(pán)布局（LAY OUT）(1)An opening paragraph referring

44、to the promise made.(2)Astatement that the promise has not been kept.(3) That the delay is causing your inconvenience.(4)Aclosing paragraph requesting completion without further delay.11、重視開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾段落開(kāi)頭部分：（1）開(kāi)頭部分要恰到好處。（2）不要使用否定性的或不禮貌的詞語(yǔ)。（3） 要從對(duì)方的角度出發(fā)體諒對(duì)方(You-Viewpoint)， 而不能以自我為中心(1-Viewpoint)。（4）開(kāi)始句一定要切

45、合正題，不要東拉西扯，重復(fù)對(duì)方明知的信息。（5）起首段落不宜太長(zhǎng)。（6）起首段落要前后一致，保證連貫性。開(kāi)始句最好提一下上一次聯(lián)系的情況，顯得自然。結(jié)尾段落：（1）明確指出希望對(duì)方采取的行動(dòng)。（2）如果對(duì)方不是行動(dòng)的執(zhí)行者，一定要指明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。（3）說(shuō)明該行動(dòng)的具體實(shí)施細(xì)則。（4）指明最后的期限。（5）贊賞對(duì)方，但除非對(duì)方曾為你做過(guò)什么，否則不要隨便道謝。無(wú)（6）避免使用消極性詞匯。（7）如若需要，表明愿意提供幫助的態(tài)度。（8）結(jié)尾段落不宜過(guò)長(zhǎng)。12.檢查在簽名之前，請(qǐng)參考下述問(wèn)題，檢查一下所寫(xiě)信函是否準(zhǔn)確、恰當(dāng)。(1)布局是否合理?(2)拼寫(xiě)是否正確?標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)用得是否恰當(dāng)?(3)是否

46、包含所有要點(diǎn)?所傳遞的信息是否準(zhǔn)確?(4)措辭是否簡(jiǎn)明、準(zhǔn)確、禮貌?(5)語(yǔ)言是否自然、真誠(chéng)?(6)是否做到從對(duì)方角度出發(fā)，體諒對(duì)方?(7)全文總基調(diào)是否合適?能否產(chǎn)生預(yù)期的效果?(8)如果自己是收信人的話，是否愿意收到這樣一封信?如果所有的答案都是“Yes”，那么就可以放心地簽名寄送了。總結(jié)常用句型:Referring to previous contact:Thank you for your letter of/dated .With reference toFurther toIn reply toStating the reason for writing:I am writing

47、to enquire about to confirm that to apologise for/aboutin reply to your with reference to Ending a letterIf you have any further questions, please contact me on I look forward to hearing from you soon.in due course.in the near future.注意考試當(dāng)中的格式問(wèn)題題目分類(lèi)：1 訂單類(lèi) handling order2 詢問(wèn)類(lèi) enquiry and reply3 投訴類(lèi) c

48、omplaint and apology4 告知變化類(lèi) notice of changes無(wú)5 邀請(qǐng)類(lèi) invitations（一）常用短語(yǔ)稱(chēng)為 Dear / 敬語(yǔ) YoursDear Sir or Madam-Yours faithfullyDear Mr./Mrs./Miss/Ms Smith-Yours sincerelyDear John-Best wishes(私人關(guān)系比較親密)信的開(kāi)頭：We are writing to enquire about 寫(xiě)信是詢問(wèn)關(guān)于We are writing in connection with 寫(xiě)信是關(guān)于 We are interested in

49、 and we would like to know 我們對(duì)感興趣我們想知道asking if 感謝（某日）詢問(wèn)是否的來(lái)信Thank you for your letter of (date),enquiring about 感謝（某日）詢問(wèn)有關(guān)的來(lái)信We have received your letter of (date), enclosing 感謝（某日）的來(lái)信以及隨信寄來(lái)的concerning 我們已收到（某日）關(guān)于的來(lái)信如果寫(xiě)信的開(kāi)頭或者是信中要提到某件事情：with reference to 關(guān)于further to 繼之后with regard to 關(guān)于I am writing

50、 in connection with 我寫(xiě)信是為了Apoint in your letter gives us great concern that 我們很關(guān)心您信中提到的Regarding 關(guān)于告知好消息I am pleased to tell you that 我很高興的告訴你/通知你I am delighted to inform you I am happy to advise you We are pleased to inform you thatWe have pleasure in informing you thatWe have the pleasure to appri

51、se you ofWe have the honour to inform you that (of)壞消息I regret to tell you that 很遺憾/很抱歉告訴你/通知你I am sorry to inform you I am sorry to advise you that We regret that 我們很遺憾說(shuō)明能做與不能做的事情We are unable to 我們不能We are able to 我們能We have been forced to 我們不得不無(wú)說(shuō)明原因This was owing to 這是因?yàn)?多半為壞消息)Due to 這是由于 As a r

52、esult of 這是的結(jié)果Because of 這是因?yàn)檎?qǐng)求采取行動(dòng)，如果緊急的話，可以加上后面的詞組Please could you as soon as possible 請(qǐng)你盡快We would be grateful if you could without delay 如果你能盡快，我們將不勝感激We would appreciate it if you could immediately 如你能盡快 我們將不勝感激道歉We must apologize for 我們必須為表示我們的歉意We apologize for 我們必須為道歉We are extremely sorry f

53、or 我們?yōu)楦械奖冈儐?wèn)信息We would like to know about/if 我們想了解有關(guān)Please could you give us further detail about 請(qǐng)給我們更多有關(guān)的信息We would be grateful if you could let us know about/if 如果能告訴我們有關(guān)，我們將不勝感激We would appreciate it if you could inform us about/if 如果能告訴我們有關(guān)，我們將不勝感激輕度抱怨Unfortunately, 然后直接說(shuō)不幸的事情發(fā)生了，比如，Unfortunate

54、ly, we have not yet received your payment, we would be grateful if you could makethe payment soon.提起注意（用在強(qiáng)烈抱怨中）I should like to draw your attention to (the fact that) 我想提請(qǐng)你們注意I should like to point out that 我想指出I should like to remind you that 我想提醒你們I hope that it is not necessary to remind you that

55、 我希望沒(méi)有必要提醒你們警告Unless除非， 否則我們將不得不If (not) , we will be forced to 如果不， 我們將不得不.（二）常用句型普通結(jié)尾：I look forward to receive your reply/order/products/etc.期待收到你的答復(fù)，定單，產(chǎn)品等Looking forward to hearing from you. 期待你的來(lái)信提供消息類(lèi)郵件的結(jié)尾無(wú)I hope that this information will help you.期待這些消息會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助。Please contact me if you need

56、any further information.如果需要更多的信息，請(qǐng)你與我聯(lián)系Please do not hesitate to contact me if you are need any further information. 如果需要更多， 請(qǐng)隨時(shí)聯(lián)系我Please feel free to contact me if you have any further questions. 有什么問(wèn)題，請(qǐng)有我聯(lián)絡(luò)。Please let me know if you need any further information. 如果需要更多的信息，請(qǐng)告訴我。道歉信結(jié)尾Please accept

57、our apologies once again. 請(qǐng)接受我們的歉意We hope that this has not caused you any in convenience. 我們希望這不會(huì)給你造成不便。私人商業(yè)信函，即關(guān)系比較非正式開(kāi)頭：Thank you for your letter/telephone call/telex/fax. 很感激你的來(lái)信/來(lái)電/電傳/傳真。It was a pleasure to (meet you at/on)很榮幸在 時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)與你見(jiàn)面。It was good to （see you again at/on）很高興在時(shí)間/地點(diǎn)再次見(jiàn)到你。(hear from you again)很高興再次收到你的來(lái)信。It was a pity that ( we did not have more time to talk at/on) 很遺憾我們上次沒(méi)有更多的時(shí)間討論I am sorry that ( I missed you when you visited my office) 很遺憾你來(lái)我辦公室時(shí)，我沒(méi)能見(jiàn)到你。如果需要，可以在上述四個(gè)形式之后加上說(shuō)過(guò)或者沒(méi)有說(shuō)過(guò)的話，It was good to talk