上海牛津版七年級英語上冊Unit1知識點(diǎn)詳解歸納

1、上海牛津版七年級英語上冊Unitl知識點(diǎn)詳解歸納Unit 1 Relatives in Beijing知識網(wǎng)絡(luò)Welcome to BeijingReadingfPlanning a trip to BeijingLucy's holiday plListening and speakingngUnit 1知識清單重點(diǎn)1 .掌握現(xiàn)在完成時的語法結(jié)構(gòu)，并能運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時描述過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的事件。2 .掌握用形容詞比較級描述事物和物品。3 .學(xué)習(xí)并掌握表示方位的詞組。4 .用how引導(dǎo)的疑問句提問5 .書信的寫作格式。難點(diǎn)1 .運(yùn)用現(xiàn)在完成時描述已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情。2 .語言知識的遷移應(yīng)用。易

2、錯點(diǎn)1 .方位名詞表達(dá)方向。2 .現(xiàn)在完成時的使用。高頻考點(diǎn)1 .現(xiàn)在完成時和be going to結(jié)構(gòu)。2 .運(yùn)用形容詞比較級比較事物。詞匯清單牛津詞匯invitev.邀請brickn.石專expensiveadj.昂貴的stonen.石頭；石料；巖石talk to說話；講話；談話mountainn.高山；山岳*brochuren.資料手冊ancientadj.古老的agentn.代理人；經(jīng)紀(jì)人historyn.歷史soonadv.不久；很快；馬上interestn.吸引力；趣味at the end of在（八月）底holidayn.假期(August)*swann”wonderfuladj

3、.精彩的；令人高興的raisev.提升；舉起anotherpron.另一（事物或人）nationaladj.國家的於知識梳理第一部分：詞匯精講1. invite v.邀請I ' ve invited the Smiths to visit us next Friday.我已經(jīng)邀請史密斯一家下周五來家里玩?！径陶Z】invite sb. to do sth.【聯(lián)想記憶】invitation n.邀請函；請柬Hundreds of invitations are being sent out this week.本周數(shù)百張請貼正在發(fā)生。區(qū)另U invite 和 invent區(qū)別發(fā)音：invi

4、te ?i'vatinvent ?i'vent區(qū)別詞義：invent vt.發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造 【聯(lián)想記憶】invention n.發(fā)明物 inventor n.發(fā)明者He invented the first electric clock.他發(fā)明了 第一個電子鐘。2. expensive adj. 昂貴的I think international calls are very expensive.我認(rèn)為國際長途費(fèi)用很高?！窘x】dear adj.昂貴的【反義】cheap adj.便宜點(diǎn)I would choose the cheaper one.我還是選擇稍便宜點(diǎn)的那個吧！價格高低表

5、達(dá)法The price of the maglev is very , isn ' t it ?A. high B. cheapC. expensive D. dear【答案】A注：價格是高低，東西是貴賤The price is high/low. The thing is expensive/cheap.3. talk to與某人談話=talk with sb.He stopped to talk to me when seeing me. 看到我的時候，他停下來和我說話。talk, speak, say, tell 的區(qū)別 say一般作及物動詞用，著重說話的內(nèi)容，它的賓語可以是名詞

6、，代詞或賓語從句。He can say his name.他會說他的名字。Please say it in English. 請用英語說。She' s saying "Don' t draw on theWOl蛻 別在墻上畫”。 speak強(qiáng)調(diào)說的動作，不強(qiáng)調(diào)所說的內(nèi)容。作及物動詞時，常以某種語言作賓語。作不及物動詞時，常見的搭配形式有 ：speak of something/somebody談到某事（某人）speak to sb.跟某人講話,此外speak還可用于在較為正式的場合的演講或演說。Can you speak Japanese?你會說日語嗎？She is

7、speaking to her teacher.她正在跟她的老師說話。He spoke at the meeting yesterday.他昨天在會上講了 話。 talk 一般為不及物動詞，意思是交談，談話，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)兩者之間的相互對話。She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英語交談。What are you talking about? 你們在談?wù)撌裁矗縏he teacher is talking to him. 老正在和他談話。 tell常作及物動詞，意為講述、告訴，動詞常跟雙賓語。tell sb. sth = tell sth to sb.

8、告訴某人某He is telling the children a story.他正在給孩子們講一個故事。Did you tell her the news? = Did you tell the news to her? 你把這個消息告訴她了 嗎?4. brochure n.資料手冊I ' ll send you the brochure right away.我會馬上把資料手冊給你寄過去5. agent n.代理人；經(jīng)紀(jì)人He is now an agent.他現(xiàn)在是一名代理人。【聯(lián)想記憶】agency n.代理處【拓展】travel agent; travel agency6.

9、soon adv.不久;彳艮，快;馬上He will come back soon. 他很快就會回來。7. at the end of (August) 在(八月)底【反義】 at the beginning of【比較】at the end; at last; in the end 比較學(xué)習(xí)。8. swan n.天鵝This love story is about a swan prince and a swan princess.這是關(guān)于一個天鵝王子和一個天鵝公主的愛情故事。9. raise vt. 提升，舉起He raised his arms above his head.他把手臂舉過

10、頭頂。比較 raise & riseraise 為 vt.rise 為 vi.The sun rises in the east.太陽從東方升起。10. national adj.國家的The national news comes after the international news. 國內(nèi)新聞在國際新聞之后報道?！韭?lián)想記憶】nationality n.國籍international adj.國際的nationn.國家nativeadj.當(dāng)?shù)氐?1. brick n.而專The wall is built of bricks and stones.這堵墻是石專石砌成的。12. s

11、tone n.石頭；石料；巖石This is a stone building.這是一座石料建筑物。13. mountain n.高山；山岳Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world.珠穆朗瑪是世界上最高的山峰。【聯(lián)想記憶】mountainous adj.多山的14. ancient adj.古老的Have you ever read about ancient Rome? 你讀過關(guān)于古羅馬的故事嗎？15. history n.歷史History is my favourite subject at school.歷史是我在學(xué)校中最喜愛的學(xué)科

12、。【聯(lián)想記憶】historical adj.歷史上的；有關(guān)歷史的，修飾的人或事都是過去的真人真事a historical play 一部歷史劇historic adj.有歷史意義的，指奧地具有悠久歷史或莫事被載入史冊。a congress of historic significance具有歷史意義的大會history n.歷史。是過去發(fā)生的真事。story n.故事。敘述的事是過去的，但不一定發(fā)生過。16. interest n.吸引力；趣味；利潤I found no interest in such things.我對這些不感興趣?！韭?lián)想記憶】interestv.使感興趣intereste

13、d adj.感興趣的；有興趣的interesting adj. 有趣的17. holiday n.假期We really enjoyed our holiday. 我們假期玩得很開心。18. wonderful adj.精彩的；令人高興的After a wonderful meal, they told stories and sang songs by the campfire.一頓美餐之后，他們就圍著營火講故事、唱歌。19. another pron.另一（事物或人）I would like another day to rest.我想再休息一天。比較 one the other 與 on

14、e another前者表示只有兩樣?xùn)|西，除了一個，就是另一個，所知的東西確定；后者表示所存在的物體多于兩個，所知的東西不確定。There ' s not a thing in his left hand. What about the other?他左手什么東西也沒有。另一只手呢？（一共就兩只手，除了一只就是另一只。）This jacket doesn ' t fit me well. Show me another, please.夾克不適合我。再拿一件給我看看。（商店里的服裝不止一件，試完一件，再試剩下的許多件中的一件。）第二部分：重點(diǎn)句型1. I haven't

15、seen my cousins befOrfe.前沒見過我的堂弟、 堂妹before在本句中是個副詞，意為 在之前，在 以前”的意思，用于引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。They haven ' t been to the USA before#們以前沒有去過美國。2. It ' s cheaper and more interestin穌火車）更便宜，而且更有趣?！颈容^】cheap和interesting兩個形容詞的比較級的不同之處。3. Let ' s talk to Mum and Kitty,；們跟媽媽還有凱蒂談?wù)劙桑alk to 意為 與交談"。我們通常用tal

16、k to sb.或talk with sb.來表示 與交談”的含義。They taught the little boy not to talk to strangers. 他們教育小男孩不要和陌生人說話。4. I ' m going to get some brochures from the travel agent打算至防長行社代理人那里拿些/卜冊子。本例中，getfrom,意為 從處得到”。I get my pocket money of 200 yuan every month from my mother.我每月可從媽媽那兒拿到200 元零用錢。5. Yes, we 

17、9; d like to travel to Beijing by plane!的，我們想坐飛機(jī)去北京。(1) would like to do sth.意為 想要做奧事”，相當(dāng)于 want to do sth.I ' d like to have a swim in the sea.我想去海里游泳。(=I want to have a swim in the sea.)(2)travel to 到“旅游”，相當(dāng)于 have a trip to We will travel to Hainan Island this summer. 這個夏天想我們將去海南島旅游。(相當(dāng)于 We wil

18、l have a trip to Hainan Island this summer.)6. How long does it take to travel from Garden City to Beijing by plane?從花園城坐飛機(jī)去北京要多久？how long引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句詢問“時間)多久”，How long will it take you to go to school?你去學(xué)校要多久？易混辨析：how long與how farhow long多長”，指時間上的長短，通常用來詢問時間。How long does it take you to get to the airp

19、ort? 你需要多長時間到達(dá)機(jī)場？how far多遠(yuǎn)”，指路程的遠(yuǎn)近，通常用來詢問距離。How far is it from the school to your home? 從學(xué)校至4你家有多遠(yuǎn)？【注】如果孩子成績較好，可幫孩子繼續(xù)拓展總結(jié)how long, how soon, how fast, how far之間的區(qū)別7. How much does it cost?這要多少錢？how much引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句用來詢問“(價格)多少”。How much does this pen cost?這支鋼筆多少錢?【注】帶學(xué)生比較記憶cost, spend, pay, take8. We 

20、9; re going to visit Beijing on 16 August.我們計戈【J 8 月 16 日去游覽北京。on 16 August是指 在8月16日”。在具體的日期之前用介詞on。9. The Li family has arrived in Beijing. 李先生一家到達(dá)了 北京。（1） the Li family 指李先生一家”。本例中的family為單數(shù)，強(qiáng)調(diào) 家人；家庭”。而有時family也可 以表示家庭成員工此時它是一個集合名詞，視作復(fù)數(shù)?！颈容^】 His family are all waiting for him.他的家人都在等他。（指家人）My fami

21、ly is large.我的家是一個大家庭。（指家庭）（2） arrive in意為 到達(dá)”。要注意與arrive at的區(qū)別。一般來說，arrive in后跟國家、城鎮(zhèn)等地名，arrive at后常跟學(xué)校、機(jī)場、工廠等表示場所或地方的詞?！颈容^】Flight NO. BA 4793 will arrive in London at 16:50.英國航空公司的4793號航班將于16時50分抵達(dá)倫敦。You must arrive at the airport two hours before the departure time.你必須在飛機(jī)起飛前兩個小時到達(dá)機(jī)場。10. It is in t

22、he north-west of Beijing.它（頤和園）位于北京的西北部。in the north-west of是 在西北部”的意思。11. Tourists can see swans swimming on the lake.游客們可以見至fj天鵝在湖面上游泳。see sb/sth doing sth是 看到正在做奧事”的意思。試比較： see sb/sth do sth & see sb/sth doing sth前者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動作整個過程，而后者強(qiáng)調(diào)看到了動作的一個片段。I saw them playing football when I passed the play

23、ground.走過操場的時候，我看到他們正在踢足球。（強(qiáng)調(diào)在過操場的那個時刻所看到的東西）I saw them play football all afternoon yesterday.昨天我看到他們踢了 一下午足球。12. People built it a long time ago with bricks and stones.很久以前人們用石專和石頭建造了它（指長城） with在本例中是 用”的意思，后面常常加工具”。【回憶】with的常見含義：a）和一起；b）有；擁有；帶有c）用；使用13. It can hold more than one million people.它（指天

24、安門廣場）可以容納一百多萬人。more than是超過；多于”的意思，與over （超過）意思相近。14. The children are planning to visit different places of interest in Beijing.孩子們正打算參觀北京不同的名勝古跡。1) plan to do sth是 打算做”的意思；2) a place of interest是 名勝古跡”的意思。15. She is writing a letter to her cousin, Lucy.凱蒂正在給她的堂妹露西寫信。write a letter to sb.是給寫信”的意思，我

25、們可以簡單地說成write to sb.I ' ll write to you again, Laura.勞拉，我還會再給你寫信的。16. Ben and I had a wonderful time in Beijing. 我和本在北京玩得很開心。have a wonderful time 與 have a very good time 以及 enjoy oneself (復(fù)數(shù)：enjoy ourselves) 意思相近，都表示 玩得很高興；過得很愉快。 ”Did you have a good time/ enjoy yourself last week in Beijing?上個

26、星期你在北京玩得開心嗎？第三部分：語法點(diǎn)撥1 .形容詞比較級將兩個人物或事物進(jìn)行比較，表示較”或 更”要用比較級，其構(gòu)成方式簡單敘述如下:構(gòu)成法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)詞末尾+er和+estgreatgreatergreatest單音節(jié)詞以e結(jié)尾，只+r和+stnicewisenicerwisernicestwisest重讀閉音節(jié)單音節(jié)詞如末尾只有一個車輪字母，bigbiggerbiggest須先雙寫這個本輪字母，再 +er和+esthothotterhottest少數(shù)以y結(jié)尾的雙音節(jié)形容詞，如 y前為本需音字happyhappierhappiest母,貝U變y為i,再+er和+esteasye

27、asiereasiest其他雙首下詞和多首下詞前加more和 mostcarefulbeautifulmore carefulmore beautifulmost carefulmost beautiful不規(guī)則變化goodbetterbestbad/badlyworseworstwell川manymoremostfarfartherfarthestmuchfurtherfurthestoldolderoldestlittlelessleasteldereldest2 .現(xiàn)在完成時（1）現(xiàn)在完成時的基本結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has +動詞的過去分詞（2）現(xiàn)在完成時的用法：a）表示動作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)完

28、成。常有以下狀語（ always, yet, just, now, recently, lately , today 等）。例如：I have finished my work today.He has bought a new bike recently.b）表示過去發(fā)生的動作：一度（once）、曾經(jīng)（ever）、未曾（never）。例如：I have seen the play twice.一Have you ever studied Greek ?一 No, never.c）可以表示由過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在（也許可繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去）的動作或狀態(tài)。常與 for, since引導(dǎo)的時 間狀語連用，或與

29、“how 10ng連用。例如：I have collected the coins for many years.Margaret has studied ballet since she was a child.*注意：用現(xiàn)在完成時表示延續(xù)的概念時，只能用含延續(xù)意義的動詞，不可用瞬間動詞。例如：His grandfather has died for ages.（誤）His grandfather has been dead for ages.（正）His grandfather died ages ago.（正）It is ages since his grandfather died.（

30、正）常用的瞬間動詞有：arrive, become, begin, borrow, buy, close, come, die, fall, finish , get up,go, hear, join, leave, open, reach, receive, see, stop, start等。瞬間動詞和延續(xù)性動詞有時可以轉(zhuǎn)換瞬間動詞延續(xù)性動詞瞬間動詞延續(xù)性動詞瞬間動詞延續(xù)性動詞arrive herebe herebegin/startbe onbecomebebuyhaveborrowkeepcome herebe herecatch a coldhave a colddiebe dea

31、dfall 川be illfinish/endbe overgo outbe outget tobe injoinbe a member ofleavebe away fromturn onbe ond）現(xiàn)在完成時中 have gone to 表示去了某處，人在所去的地方或途中；have been to 表示去過某處，但現(xiàn)在不在那里，have been in 表示一直在某處。Mark has gone to Beijing .馬克到北京去了。She has been in Shanghai for a year 她在上海待了一年。He has been to Japan only once 他

32、只去過日本一次。3 .表方位的介詞短語在生活中，表示方位的通常有四個正向和四個偏向，如下：北 north西W匕 north-west東 east西 west南 south東南 south-east西南 south-west東W匕 north-east【比較】in the ; on the ; oo the ofA is in the ofB A在B的內(nèi)部某方位。Shanghai is in the east of China.上海在中國的東部。A is on the of B表示A與B是接壤的關(guān)系。Zhejiang is on the south of Jiangsu. 浙江在江蘇的南面。A

33、is to the 10fB兩地不接壤，有相隔開的海等。Japan is to the east of China.日本在中國的東面。（有海相隔）經(jīng)典例題【詞匯篇】例1. ()填空，補(bǔ)全下面的文章。Tian ' anmen Square is the centre of Beijing. It is a huge open area. can hold more than(一百萬)people. Every morning, tourists can see soldiers(升起)the Chinese(國旗)in the square.【考點(diǎn)】介詞的表達(dá)和詞匯的應(yīng)用【解析】介詞短語

34、in the centre of,教師可適當(dāng)拓展其他表方位的介詞短語。see sb. doing sth表示看到某人正在做某事。該文章來源于牛津版教科書第一單元，看似簡單的文章挖空后，會將學(xué)生平時學(xué)習(xí)時習(xí) 以為常而實(shí)際薄弱的知識點(diǎn)凸顯由來?！敬鸢浮縤n ； one million; raising; national flag例 2. () Mary shows great(interesting) in computers.【考點(diǎn)】詞性轉(zhuǎn)換【解析】interest n.興趣【答案】interest例 3. () There are more than two people in this c

35、ity.A. millionsB. million C. millions of D. million of【考點(diǎn)】million的用法【解析】million前有具體數(shù)字時，表示具體幾百萬，此時， million不需要加s; millions of表示上百萬的?！敬鸢浮緽【句型語法篇】例 4.( ) We' ll travel to the New York City.A. in 25 JuneB. on 25 JuneC. on the twenty-five of June D. at the twenty-fifth of July【考點(diǎn)】介詞的時間表達(dá)【解析】在具體某個日期前要

36、用介詞on; 25 June讀作“ the twent-fifth of June【答案】B例 5. () It ' s to travel to Xinjiang by train than by plane.A. slowB. slowlyC. slowerD. more slowly【考點(diǎn)】形容詞的比較級【解析】be動詞后面應(yīng)該用形容詞，slow的比較級直接在詞尾加er?！敬鸢浮緾例 6. () The Lis have invited us them in the picnic this weekend.A. joinB. to joinC. joiningD. joined【

37、考點(diǎn)】不定式和動詞短語【解析】invite sb. to do sth.【答案】B【能力篇】例7. ()閱讀短文，根據(jù)首字母提示填入合適的單詞使內(nèi)容完整。I finished my cooking course in a college at the age of 21. I thought I was going to become a world famous cook. I hoped people would t 1 from all over the world just to get a taste of my food. But threemonths later, I knew I was wrong. Since nobody was traveling to t 2 my food, I decided I should t