普通名詞的數(shù)講義及答案

1、.第 2 講 普通名詞的數(shù)【Key points】一、可數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)分類構(gòu)成方法讀音例詞一般情況加 -s讀 / s /或讀/ z /bookbagpetboy以s sh x ch 結(jié)尾加 -es讀 / iz /busbrushboxwatch以輔音字母加 y結(jié)尾變y 為i 加 -es讀 / z /family strawberry以 o 結(jié)尾有生命加 -es無生命加 -s讀 / z /Potatohero photozoo以 f 或 fe 結(jié)尾變 f 或 fe 為 v再加 -es讀 / z /thiefleafwifeknife1規(guī)那么變化2例外情況1以 ch 結(jié)尾加 s 的英語單詞：stom

2、achstomachs2以 f 結(jié)尾直接加 s 的英語單詞：roofroofsgulfgulfsbeliefbeliefs staffstaffschiefchiefsproofproofs3以 f 結(jié)尾兩種變法都可的單詞：scarfscarfs / scarves dwarfdwarfs / dwarveshandkerchiefhandkerchiefs / handkerchieves3不規(guī)那么變化1) 單復(fù)數(shù)一樣sheepdeerfish2) a 變成 emanwomanEnglishmanFrenchman3) oo 變成 eefoottoothgoose4) 中日不變英法變，其余

3、s 加后邊5) childchildrenox oxenmousemicey4兩個注意1英語中一些由兩個部分組成的物體名詞通常是以-s 結(jié)尾，如：pants，trousers，shorts，shoes，scissors，glasses 等。這一類名詞， 假如不帶單位詞，通常用做復(fù)數(shù)；His new pants are black and white假如帶有單位詞，那么需要根據(jù)單位詞斷定單復(fù)。This pair of pants is cheap Two pairs of pants are enough2“形復(fù)意單雖有 s 但不復(fù): physics，maths，politics，athleti

4、cs， economics，news二、不可數(shù)名詞含義：不可數(shù)名詞表示無法分清個體的名詞，主要為物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。物質(zhì)名詞：液體類：juice，water，beer，coffee 粉末類：powder，flour，sugar，salt食物類：rice，bread，junk food，butter，chocolate 肉類：beef，pork，chicken，mutton抽象名詞：information，money，work， advice，friendship，help， fun，health，furniture，jewelry，wealth，time不可數(shù)名詞的特點：1前面不可以直接加不定

5、冠詞 a/an2不可數(shù)名詞永遠按單數(shù)處理Water is very important for people Time is money3當時間、金錢、間隔 或間隔 做主語時，后面動詞用單數(shù)形式Four kilometers is a long way4不可數(shù)名詞也有量的表達: 數(shù)詞/冠詞+量詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞個數(shù)：piece張、片、塊、條a piece of apple pie容量：cup，bottle，bag，box， bucket two cups of teathree boxes of milkfour buckets of water 四桶水類別：kindall kinds of

6、 bread度量：kilo千克，公斤two kilos of oil【Exercises】1. Physics be his favorite subject2. He thinks maths be difficult3. I dont like politicsBecause it/they be boring4. 寫出下面單詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式：bus kilo mankey box day leaf dish bosshero deer foot tooth sheep partyruler knife glasspencilfamilymonkeychildgooseChinese 5. T

7、here a set of on the deskAis；keyBis；keysCare；keiesDare；keys 6. Can you see nine in the picture?AsheepBdogCpigDhorse7. Hello! Are you _?NoWe are ABrazilian；AmericanBBrazil；Americans CBrazil；AmericanDBrazilian；America8. Can I help you?Id like for my twin daughtersAtwo pair of shoesBtwo pairs of shoe C

8、two pair of shoeDtwo pairs of shoes9. I have two _ pencil-case10. My sister looks after two baby11. There are some deer eating the grass12. The baby has many toy13. hero are great14. How many stamp have you collected?More than 50015. Many Canadians can speak two language16. There are many country in

9、 the world17. I bought many scarf because they are cheap on the net18. Come on，children Help yourselves to some _ if you likeAfish and chickenBfishes and chicken Cfish and chickensDfishes and chickens19. There is some on the plateAcakesBmeatCpotatoDpears 20. There are on the deskAtwo bottle of orang

10、eBtwo bottles of oranges Ctwo bottle of orangesDtwo bottles of orange21. Elephants eat but koalas eat Agrasses；leafBgrass；leavesCgrass；leafDgrasses；leaves 22. He gave us on how to keep fitAsome advicesBsome adviceCan adviceDa advice23. This pair of black shoes_ my fathers AisBareCbeDam24. There are and on the table A two boxes cake；four bottle of oranges B two boxes cake；four bottle of orange C two boxes of cakes；four bottles of orange D two box of cakes；four bottles of oranges【參考答案】1is2is3it is4buseskilosmenkeysboxesdaysleavesdishesbossesheroesdeerfeetteethsheeppartiesrulersknive