人教版英語(yǔ)同義句句型轉(zhuǎn)換附練習(xí)及答案

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上 英語(yǔ)句型轉(zhuǎn)換（一）.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換知識(shí)點(diǎn)講解（14種類型）一、運(yùn)用同義詞（組）進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換 用同義詞或同義詞組對(duì)原句中的某些詞或詞組進(jìn)行替換（又稱“詞語(yǔ)替代法”），注意轉(zhuǎn)換后的詞或詞組的詞形變化要與句子其他成分相適應(yīng)。如： 1. That day we could see flowers here and there. That day we could see flowers _. 分析：答案為everywhere。everywhere與here and there都表示“到處”。 2. The teacher always takes good care of the

2、children in the school. The teacher always_ _the children well in the school. 分析：答案為looks after。take good care of與look afterwell都表示“好好照顧”。 3. The children are wearing beautiful clothes. The children are_beautiful clothes. 4. Every day,Yao Ming receives E-mails from thousands of basketball fans. Ever

3、y day,Yao Ming_thousands of basketball fans. 5. Mr. Smith is working. Mr. Smith is_ _. 答案：1. in 2. hears from 3. at work 二、運(yùn)用反義詞（組）的否定式進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換 即用反義詞或詞組的否定式表達(dá)與原句相同的意思，主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)反義詞（詞組）的積累和換位思維的能力。如： 1. Its clear that this visit is different from last time. Its clear that this visit is not the_ _last time.

4、分析：答案為same as。be different from意為“與不同”；the same as意為“與相同”，其否定式與be different from同義。 2. I think wealth is less important than health. I _ think wealth is _ important than health. 分析：答案為dont，more。less important的意思是“沒(méi)有（不及）重要”；more important的意思是“（比）更重要”，該結(jié)構(gòu)與not連用，則表示“不比更重要”。 3. Chinese is more popular t

5、han Japanese. Japanese is_popular_Chinese. 4. The runner couldn't catch up with the others in the race. The runner_ _the others in the race. 5. A computer is more useful than a VCD. A VCD is not_useful_a computer. 答案：4. less, than 5. fell behind 6. as，as 另外，有的反義詞即使不與否定詞連用，而只需改變句子結(jié)構(gòu)也可構(gòu)成同義句。如： He

6、lent some money to his friend. He friend _ some money _ him. 分析：答案為borrowed，from。borrowfrom意為“向借”；lendto意為“把借給”。兩個(gè)結(jié)構(gòu)意思相反，但若變換“借出者”與“借入者”的位置，則可轉(zhuǎn)換為同義句。 三、運(yùn)用不同語(yǔ)態(tài)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換 即運(yùn)用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)換同義詞，但此時(shí)要特別注意時(shí)態(tài)、動(dòng)詞一致性。如： 1. Everyone should give back his library books on time. Library books should_ _ _ on time. 分析：答

7、案為be given back。被動(dòng)句中含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should，因此助動(dòng)詞用be。 2. It is widely accepted that more people use computers in the world today. Computers _ widely _ in the world today. 分析：答案為are，used。computers是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，助動(dòng)詞用are。 3. You must tidy your bedroom every day. Your bed room must be tidied every day. 4.The farm grows cot

8、ton. Cotton is grown on the farm.四、非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的相互轉(zhuǎn)換 即非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換，此時(shí)往往會(huì)涉及時(shí)態(tài)的變化。如： 1. The manager left two hours ago. The manager _ _ _ for two hours. 分析：答案為has been away。leave為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，不能與for two hours這樣的一段時(shí)間連用，而改成be away這樣的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞后，則可連用一段時(shí)間。 2. The film began five minutes ago. The film has been _

9、_ five minutes. 分析：答案為on for。has been提示時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，“for+時(shí)間段”表示“持續(xù)（一段時(shí)間）”，常用在含有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的句子里。 3. Mr Li joined the Party twenty years ago. Mr Li _ _ _ the Party for twenty years. 答案：has been in。短暫動(dòng)詞join，意為“參加、加入（組織，政黨）”，不能與延續(xù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，與延續(xù)性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用時(shí)，將join改成be in或be a member in。五、運(yùn)用不同引語(yǔ)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換 即將直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)或?qū)㈤g接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成直

10、接引語(yǔ)。此時(shí)還要注意相關(guān)時(shí)態(tài)、人稱、動(dòng)詞、狀語(yǔ)等相應(yīng)的變化。如： 1. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ his wallet. 分析：答案為told，had found。此題是將直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)。 2. “Did you see her last week?” he said. He _ _ I had seen her the week _. 分析：答案為asked if/ whether, before。此題是將疑問(wèn)句的直接引語(yǔ)轉(zhuǎn)換成間接引語(yǔ)。六、運(yùn)用簡(jiǎn)單句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 即將簡(jiǎn)單句變成同義的復(fù)合

11、句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的簡(jiǎn)單句。（1）.復(fù)合句化為簡(jiǎn)單句一般側(cè)重于將從句變化為短語(yǔ)或詞組，使句意簡(jiǎn)單明了。用不定式、介詞短語(yǔ)、名詞短語(yǔ)、分詞性短語(yǔ)等替換復(fù)合句中的句子； 將賓語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”； 將sothat，或suchthat 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為含有tooto ， enough to簡(jiǎn)單句； 將if 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句簡(jiǎn)化為“祈使句，and（or） + 一般將來(lái)時(shí)”的句子. （2）.必須注意的是，簡(jiǎn)單句變?yōu)閺?fù)合句時(shí)，很多情況下是把賓語(yǔ)擴(kuò)大為賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)或“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞原形”。如： 1. We didnt go out for a walk because it

12、was raining. We didnt go out for a walk _ _ the rain. 分析：答案為because of。將原因狀語(yǔ)從句because it was raining改為表示原因的介詞短語(yǔ)because of the rain。 2. He was so excited that he couldnt go to sleep. He was _ _ _ go to sleep. 分析：答案為too excited to。將sothat換成tooto結(jié)構(gòu)，原句的that從句為結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，改寫句中的不定式仍表結(jié)果。 3. Now I will show you

13、how to do the work. Now I will show you _ _ _ do the work. 分析：答案為how you can。即將原句中的“疑問(wèn)詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語(yǔ)從句。 4. You should put them back after you use them. You should put them back _ _ them. 分析：答案為after using。即將after引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句改寫為after引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)。 5.I hope that I can see you again. I hope to see you again. 6.Ple

14、ase tell me where we show our tickets. Please tell me where to show our tickets. 7.If you don't hurry up, you'll miss the early bus. Hurry up, or you won't catch the early bus.七、運(yùn)用并列句與復(fù)合句之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 即將并列句變成同義的復(fù)合句或?qū)?fù)合句變成同義的并列句。如： 1. Come on, or well miss the early bus. _ we _ hurry, well miss t

15、he early bus. 分析：答案為If，dont。if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 2. The man gave us a talk last week. Now he will give us another talk this week. The man _ gave us a talk last week _ _ us another talk this week. 分析：答案為who/ that，will give。who/ that gave us a talk last week為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞the man。八、運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞連接或合并句子 即運(yùn)用關(guān)聯(lián)連詞bothand，nei

16、thernor，eitheror，not onlybut also等將兩個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句合并為一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句。此時(shí)要注意的是，bothand連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)總是用復(fù)數(shù)，而neithernor，eitheror，not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞通常應(yīng)與靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。如： 1. Tom cant speak Japanese well and Jim cant, either. _ Tom _ Jim can speak Japanese well. 分析：答案填Neither，nor。neithernor表示“和（兩者）都不”，剛好與原句的兩個(gè)否定結(jié)構(gòu)的意思相吻合。 2.

17、Alice has read the book and Peter has read it, too. _ Alice _ Peter have read the book. 分析：答案為Both，and。bothand的意思是“和（兩者）都”。 3. This store sells mens shoes, and it also sells mens clothes. This store sells _ _ mens shoes _ _ mens clothes. 分析：答案為not only，but also。表示“不僅而且”之意。 4.He hasn't been to Fr

18、ance. She hasn't been to France, either. Neither he nor she has been to France. 5.The roon isn't very big. It can't hold a lot of people. This room isn't big enough to hold a lot of people. 6.Mrs Smith is my teacher. She is also my good friend. Mrs Smith is not only my teacher but al

19、so my good friend.九、變成含有賓語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句首先要判斷所給句子是哪一類型（陳述句、特殊疑問(wèn)句還是一般疑問(wèn)句），然后確定所需要的連詞，同時(shí)必須注意時(shí)態(tài)的對(duì)應(yīng)和陳述句語(yǔ)序。 1.She missed us very much. She told us. She told us that she missed very much. 2.Is Mr Nobel a teacher? Could you tell me? Could you tell me if Mr Nobel is a teacher? 3.Where's the foreigner from? He a

20、sked. He asked where the foreigner is from.十、用以it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換不定式所表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)出者一般是句子的主語(yǔ)，但有時(shí)卻不是，這時(shí)不定式常會(huì)帶上自己的邏輯主語(yǔ)，這一主語(yǔ)通常由介詞for 引出。 1.He can finish the work easily. It is easy for him to finish the work. 2.He found to sleep was very difficult. He found it was very difficult for him to sleep. 3.To learn Engli

21、sh well is not easy. It is not easy to learn English well.十一、利用某些典型句式或結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換 這類典型結(jié)構(gòu)如sothat，tooto，enough to，notuntil，so do I等。要在把握句意的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)原句進(jìn)行概括表達(dá)，遇到困難要多換個(gè)角度去思考，需要反復(fù)推敲才行。如： 1. Jim wants to go boating and his parents want to go boating, too. Jim wants to go boating, and _ _ his parents. 分析：答案為so do。句意為

22、“他的父母也一樣（一樣想去）”。 2. John went to bed after he finished his homework. John _ go to bed _ he finished his homework. 分析：答案為didnt，until。notuntil意為“直到才”。 特別提示：sothat，tooto ， enough to是初中英語(yǔ)教材中三個(gè)重要的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，在一定條件下它們可以互相轉(zhuǎn)換。 sothat與enough to的轉(zhuǎn)換當(dāng)that 引導(dǎo)的從句是肯定的，從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，sothat可轉(zhuǎn)化為enough to 結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不相同時(shí)，so

23、that可轉(zhuǎn)化為enough for sb. to 結(jié)構(gòu). Tom is so old that he can go to school. Tom is old enoughto go to school. The box is so light that the child can lift it. The box is light enough for the child to lift.當(dāng)that 引導(dǎo)的從句是否定的，從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，sothat可轉(zhuǎn)化為enough to否定結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不相同時(shí)，sothat可轉(zhuǎn)化為enough for sb. to 否定結(jié)構(gòu)，但

24、須注意的是，轉(zhuǎn)換后的形容詞（副詞）要用其相應(yīng)的反義詞。 The man is so old that he can't go to work. The man isn't youny enough to go to work. The desk is so heavy that I can't move it. The desk isn't light enough for me to move. sothat與tooto 轉(zhuǎn)換當(dāng)that 引導(dǎo)的從句是否定的，從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)相同時(shí)，sothat可轉(zhuǎn)化為tooto 結(jié)構(gòu)；若從句主語(yǔ)與主句主語(yǔ)不相同時(shí)，sotha

25、t可轉(zhuǎn)化為toofor sb. to 結(jié)構(gòu)。 He is so young that he can't go to school. He is too young to go to school. The box is so heavy that I can't move it. The box is too heavy for me to move. enough to與too to轉(zhuǎn)換enough to句式為否定式時(shí)，可以轉(zhuǎn)換為too to結(jié)構(gòu)，但轉(zhuǎn)換后的結(jié)構(gòu)中too to的形容詞（副詞）要用其相應(yīng)的反義詞。 He is not old enough to do the j

26、ob. He is too young to do the job. Tom didn't walk slowly enough for us to keep up with him. Tom walked too fast for us to keep up with him.十二、用同義句改寫 英語(yǔ)中有很多意義相同（相近）但結(jié)構(gòu)不同的句型、句式，這些句型大多是學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)常見的有：not as as 與比較級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換；than any other 與最高級(jí)的轉(zhuǎn)換；when(after, before)引導(dǎo)的從句與notuntil的轉(zhuǎn)換； 瞬間動(dòng)詞（come, go, leave, bu

27、y , die, begin, borrow）的過(guò)去時(shí)與含有一段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的完成時(shí)的轉(zhuǎn)換；take, cost, spend, pay for的轉(zhuǎn)換；詢問(wèn)價(jià)格的幾個(gè)句型的互相轉(zhuǎn)換；what 引起的感嘆句與how 引起的感嘆句的轉(zhuǎn)換等。 She spent 30 dollars on the English -Chinese dictionary. The English -Chinese dictionary cost her 30 dollars. She paid 30 dollars for the English -Chinese dictionary. She spent 30 dol

28、lars buying the English -Chinese dictionary. How clever the man is! What a clever man he is! How old are you? What's your age? W e came home when it was six o'clock. We didn't come home until/ before it was six o'clock.十三、用派生詞或一詞多義改寫此類題型可采用“詞類轉(zhuǎn)化法”，利用某些派生詞或詞性相異的詞組來(lái)代替原句中的某些成分，此時(shí)句子結(jié)構(gòu)一般會(huì)

29、隨之發(fā)生一些變化。例如： The snow was heavy last night. It snowed heavily last night. The foreigners have visited the Great Wall. The foreigners have been on a visit to the Great Wall.十四、用介詞短語(yǔ)改寫 My brother went to college when he was seventeen. My brother went to college at the age of seventeen. Tommy didn'

30、t have breakfast and went to school. Tommy went to school without having breakfast. I usually walk to school. I usually go to school on foot.十五、形容詞、副詞三種等級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g. Henry is taller than the other students in our class. = Henry is the tallest student in our class.此類題目需要學(xué)生能夠熟悉形容詞、副詞的構(gòu)成規(guī)律，能夠靈活運(yùn)用一些有關(guān)形容詞和

31、副詞比較等級(jí)的句型結(jié)構(gòu)，如：（1）more and more,（2） the +比較級(jí)+of the two ; （3）The +比較級(jí), the +(另一詞)比較級(jí)。 特別要清楚表示最高級(jí)范圍的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：（1）in+組織/單位，（2）of +與主語(yǔ)同類別的人或物。表示排除主語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)，如：（10）the other +名詞復(fù)數(shù)；（2）any other +名詞單數(shù)。表示相同性質(zhì)比較的結(jié)構(gòu)，as+形容詞/副詞（原級(jí)）+as; not as/so as.。解題時(shí)注意交換句子主語(yǔ)，用反義詞進(jìn)行改寫；或者用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)含義。十六、“祈使句+and/or ”結(jié)構(gòu)與if 條件狀語(yǔ)從句間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g.

32、If you run a little faster, youll catch up with your classmates. = Run faster, and youll catch up with your classmates. 此類題目要注意句子的肯定與否定，正確使用and 和or。 十七、陳述句與感嘆句及兩種形式感嘆句間的轉(zhuǎn)換e.g. The boy drew a very beautiful flower. = How beautiful a flower the boy drew1 = What a beautiful flower the boy drew! 此類題目要求學(xué)

33、生能夠完全掌握what和how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的構(gòu)成，并能靈活運(yùn)用。（二）.句型轉(zhuǎn)換專練（附答案）A.將下列句子改為否定句。(每空一詞)1.They are cleaning the classroom.They cleaning the classroom.2.I can find my watch. I find my watch.3.She is wearing a sweater today.She wearing a sweater today.4.There are some bananas on the table. There are bananas o n the table.5

34、. There is a bottle and a glass under the chair. There _ a bottle _ a glass under the chair.6. She can speak a little Chinese now. She _ _ speak a little Chinese now.7. He has tea in the afternoon. He _ _ tea in the afternoon.8. They know me very well. They _ _ me very well.9. My sister likes meat v

35、ery much. My sister _ _ meat very much.10. I think he is right. I _ _ he _ right.11. Please put these books in the box. _ _ these books in the box.12. I want some milk. I _ _ _ milk.13. Go to the classroom. _ _ to the classroom.14. There are some apples in the basket. There _ _ apples in the basket.

36、15. They are watching TV now. They _ _ watching TV now.B.將下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句。(每空一詞)1.There is a river in the picture. a river in the picture?2.There are some boys in the room. boys in the room?3.They are singing over there. over there?4.I am in Class Two. in Class Two?5. Tom and Jim stay in China now. _ To

37、m and Jim stay in China now?6. He likes meat a lot. _ he _ meat a lot?7. Americans speak American English. _ Americans _ American English?8. The boy has many friends. _ the boy _ many friends?9. Lin Tao often does his homework at 700. _ Lin Tao often _ his homework at 7:00?10. He buys some eggs ever

38、y week. he eggs every week?11. Miss Gao often buys things in the shop._ Miss Gao often _ things in the shop?12. Jim usually has breakfast at six in the morning. _ Jim usually _ breakfast in the morning?13. Han Mei is doing her homework at home. _ Han Mei _ her homework at home?14. Lily and Lucy want

39、 some apples. Lily and Lucy want apples?15. They are buying a lot of things from the shop. _ they _ a lot of thongs from the shop?C.對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。(每空一詞)1.There are forty students in our class. students in your class?2.She is making cakes. she ?3.This is Jim's bedroom. bedroom this?4. The yellow coat i

40、s hers. coat is hers?5. This shirt is white. is this shirt?6. Tom can speak Chinese and English (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ language can Tom speak?7. The twins come from the U.S.A(同上) _ _ the twins come from?8. I like these postcards very much. _ _ you like these postcards?9.I like the pictures in this book. _ _you

41、 like in this book?10. We teach them English. _ teach them English?11. We go out on Sundays. _ _ you go out?12. My sister likes bread very much. _ _ your sister like bread?13. She doesn't like rice or noodles at all. _ _ she like at all? 14. The boy has many friends. _ _ friends _ the boy _?15.T

42、here are nineteen students in my class. _ _ students are there in your class?16. They like to eat different kinds of food. _ _ they _ to eat?17.I am learning English now. _ _ you _ now?18.They teach me Chinese at home. _ _ they you English?19.I learn Chinese at school. _ _ you learn Chinese?20.Our C

43、hinese teacher's name is Joy Wang. _ is your Chinese teachers name?21. She likes to have rice for every meal. _ _ she _ to have fro every meal?22. I like the dining room very much because I like eating. _ _ you _ dinning room very much? 23.They like to eat different kinds of food. _ _ they _ to

44、eat? 24.I usually go to school at this time. _ _ you usually _ to school?25.I want to finish my homework. _ _ you want to _?26.He usually has lunch at 700. _ _ does he _ lunch?27.They leave school at six o'clock. _ _ they _ at six oclcok?28.Jim goes to school every day. _ _ Jim _ every day? 29.

45、Kate gets up at six in the morning on weekdays. _ _ _ Kate _ up in the morning on weekdays?30. He wants to eat some bread. _ _ he _ to eat?31.The shop sells books and school things. the shop ?32.Tom has eggs and meat for lunch. Tom for lunch?33. The fish is six yuan a kilo. the fish? 34.Mr Read woul

46、d like two kilos of fish? _ kilos of fish Mrs Read ?35.I want to buy two kilos of meat. you want ?36. We can buy many things in the shop. buy many things?37. My sister wants three pears.(提問(wèn))_ _ pears does _ sister want?38.The man on the bike is Kates father._ _ is Kate's father?39.The children a

47、re listening to the teacher. _ _ the children _?40. I like China very much. _ _ you _ China?D.同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(每空一詞) ：1. Bike is short for bicycle. Bike is_ _ _saying bicycle. 2. It took Mary an hour to do her homework last night. Mary_an hour_her homework last night.3. They made him work 12 hours a day. He_ _

48、 _ _ 12 hours a day. 4. I am a League member. He is a League member,too. _he_I _League members. 5. He is so young that he can't join the army. He is_young_the army. 6. The player smiled and jumped into the river. The player jumped into the river_ _ _. 7. Mr. Brown left London six years ago. Mr.Brown_ _ _ _London for six years. 8. The earth is bigger than the moon. The moon is_ _ _ _the earth. 9. He is one of my friends. He is a friend _ _. 10. The teacher told us that we should not meet at the school gate. The teacher told us_ _ _at th