定語(yǔ)從句基礎(chǔ)

1、 The Attributive Clause 師院附中 She is a beautiful girl. She is a comedy actress. She is the girl under the tree. She is the girl praised by teachers and chassmates.定語(yǔ)從句的定義定語(yǔ)從句的定義 eg. The computer that I bought in Nanjing this summer works wonderfully.1) A plane is a machine _ can fly.2) Who was hurt i

2、n the accident_ happened yesterday? 3)Have you found the bike_ you lost? that /whichthat/whichwhich/that/-關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 作賓語(yǔ)可以省略作賓語(yǔ)可以省略1)The girls_werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2) He knew the teacher _we met yesterday.who/thatwho/whom/that/-關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 作賓語(yǔ)可以省略作賓語(yǔ)可以省略This is a house.I l

3、ive in the house.This is a house.I live in the house.This is a house _ I live in.which/that/-This is a house in _ I live.whichThis is a house _ I livewherein whichI will never forget the days.We played together during the days.I will never forget the days _we played together during.which/that/I will

4、 never forget the days during _we played together.whichI will never forget the days _we played together.when.during whichHe explained the reason.He was late for the reason.He explained the reason_he was late for.which/that/He explained the reason for _he was late.whichHe explained the reason _he was

5、 late.whyfor which I saw a woman. The womans bag was stolen. I saw a woman _ bag was stolen.q Please show me the book. The books cover is red. Please show me the book _ cover is red.whoseThe womansThe bookswhose以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用，不用which。1.先行詞為不定代詞先行詞為不定代詞 everything，little, much，all，anything

6、，nothing, none, few時(shí)時(shí)4. 先行詞前有先行詞前有形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞形容詞最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，修飾時(shí)，5.先行詞被先行詞被 all, any , every, little, much, no, some, the only，the very，the last 修飾時(shí)，修飾時(shí)，2.先行詞同時(shí)先行詞同時(shí)指人和指物指人和指物時(shí)，時(shí)，3. 在在以以which / who 為疑問(wèn)詞為疑問(wèn)詞的特殊疑問(wèn)句中的特殊疑問(wèn)句中 1. This is all _ I know about the matter. A. that B. what C. who D. whether2. Is t

7、here anything else _ you require? A. which B. that C. who D. what3. The last place _ we visited was the Great Wall. A. which B. that C. where D. itExercise:that4. He talked happily about the men and books_ interested him greatly in the school. A. which B. that C. it D. whom5. There is no dictionary

8、_ you can find.A. that B. which C. where D. in that6. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. it B. / C. which D. that7. Which was the hotel _ was recommended to you? A. where B. which C. that D. it先行詞為先行詞為人和物的人和物的組合組合先行詞被先行詞被all, little, much, every, no, 等等修飾時(shí)修飾時(shí)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾，先行詞前先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級(jí)修飾

9、，先行詞前有序數(shù)詞有序數(shù)詞(the first),形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)(the best), the last, the very, the only 等時(shí)。等時(shí)。which that作定語(yǔ)從句的賓語(yǔ).I like the book (which / that) you bought yesterday.This is a truck which / that is made in China.作主語(yǔ)作賓語(yǔ)可省略關(guān)系代詞與介詞關(guān)系代詞與介詞介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí)介詞放在關(guān)系代詞的前面時(shí), 介詞賓語(yǔ)只能介詞賓語(yǔ)只能用用which代物代物, 和和whom代人。代人。(介詞在末尾時(shí)介詞在末尾時(shí)

10、, 關(guān)系詞可以省略關(guān)系詞可以省略)1) This is the hero (whom/that/who) we are proud of. This is the hero of whom we are proud. 2) She is the girl (whom/that/who ) I went with there. She is the girl with whom I went there. 關(guān)系代詞前介詞關(guān)系代詞前介詞(介詞介詞which/whom)的的確定確定1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系。Is that the newspaper _

11、you often write article?for which2. 根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配。Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ I am sure.about which 3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣。1949 was the year _ the P.R.C. Was founded.in which當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作look after, look for等不能拆開使用等不能拆開使用的及物動(dòng)詞性短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)的及物動(dòng)詞性短語(yǔ)的賓語(yǔ)時(shí), 介詞不可以提前。

12、介詞不可以提前。The old man whom I am looking after is better .1. This is the car _which I bought last year. 2. This is the car _which I paid 100$.3. This is the car _which I spent 100$.4. This is the car _which I go to work every day.5. This is the car _ which I cant go to work.-foronbywithout6. This is th

13、e car _which the old man was knocked down7. This is the car _which a boy threw a stone.8. This is the car _which we talked .byatabout10. I want to find the very pen _ which I wrote that letter.11. They are the students _ whom our teachers are thinking highly.12. It is important to choose good friend

14、s _ whom you can share your feelings and thoughts.13. It will not be necessary to name the person _ whom the card belongs.14. I would always like to do business with those people _ whom I can rely.withof withtoon / upon15.This is the book _ which we can learn a lot. 16.This is the book _ which we of

15、ten talk.17.This is the book _ which I wrote down many notes.fromaboutin1. This is the town _ I was born. This is the town _ I visited last week.2. I will never forget the day _ I came to school. I will never forget the day _ I spent with you.3. This is the reason _ he was late. This is the reason _

16、 he told me. wherewhichwhenwhichwhythat I will never forget the days that we spent together. His mother ,whom he loved dearly,died 2 years ago. He will make a trip to Suzhou, which is famous for its beautiful scenery.限定性定語(yǔ)從句：限制、縮小范圍限定性定語(yǔ)從句：限制、縮小范圍非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：不用限制，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明非限定性定語(yǔ)從句：不用限制，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明 限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起限制、確

17、定的限制性定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)先行詞起限制、確定的作用，是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果省作用，是先行詞不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，如果省去，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整，不明確或不去，主句的意思就會(huì)不完整，不明確或不合邏輯。這種定語(yǔ)從句和主句之間不能用合邏輯。這種定語(yǔ)從句和主句之間不能用逗號(hào)隔開。逗號(hào)隔開。 二、非限制性定語(yǔ)從句 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句關(guān)系不密切，去掉定語(yǔ)從句，句子的意思仍然完整。形式上用逗號(hào)把主句和從句分開。使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句不能用that引導(dǎo)。 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞不可省略，不管在從句中充當(dāng)什么成分。 He came back late, which made his moth

18、er worried.He came back late定語(yǔ)從句的省略1.關(guān)系代詞做賓語(yǔ)且前面無(wú)代詞時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞可省略。p562.The people who were living in the village have moved to other places.Who were1.The basket which is full of flower belongs to me.2.The meeting which will be held tomorrow is of great importance.3.The meeting which was held yesterday is

19、of great importance.4.The problem which is bothering us is the lack of money. 5. The book which has been given to him is an English novel. 6.I know the men who are sitting in the car. 7.The men who owns that car will be fined for illegally park. 8. She is the girl who is under the tree.as & which 都可

20、引導(dǎo)非限制性都可引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。定語(yǔ)從句，指代整個(gè)主句的內(nèi)容。She failed in the exam ,which /as was natural . He is an honest boy, which/as anybody can see.The man seemed a German ,which /as in fact he was.區(qū)別：位置 As we all know ,China is a developing country.China, as we all know , is a developing country.China is a developing country,as we all know .Which只能放在主句后面，而只能放在主句后面，而as引導(dǎo)的從引導(dǎo)的從句位置相對(duì)較靈活，可在前，可在中，也句位置相對(duì)較靈活，可在前，可在中，