一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)

1、在英語(yǔ)中，每句話都包含一定的時(shí)態(tài)，要學(xué)好英語(yǔ)就必須掌握英語(yǔ)中一些常用的時(shí)態(tài)。在英語(yǔ)中,不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作和情況,要用不同的動(dòng)詞形式表示.這種不同的時(shí)間和不同的動(dòng)詞形式就叫做動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài). 換句話說(shuō)，判斷一個(gè)句子的時(shí)態(tài)，可以通過(guò)句子中的時(shí)間和動(dòng)詞的形態(tài)來(lái)判斷。下面我就一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)作一些講解，如有不妥之處，請(qǐng)指教。每種時(shí)態(tài)都有三個(gè)最基本的要素，分別是該時(shí)態(tài)的概念、結(jié)構(gòu)、判斷標(biāo)志詞。一、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的概念：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作的時(shí)態(tài)。二、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的結(jié)構(gòu)：（有兩類(lèi)不同的結(jié)構(gòu)） Be動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主語(yǔ)+be（am , is , are）+其它肯定句式：主語(yǔ)+b

2、e( am, is, are)+其它.否定句式：主語(yǔ)+be(am, is, are) +not +其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Be(am, is, are) +主語(yǔ)+其它？注：在這種構(gòu)成中，be動(dòng)詞有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，即要根據(jù)主語(yǔ)選用am / is / are。Be動(dòng)詞分為單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)，am和is是表示單數(shù)，am只跟I搭配（除了I其余的單數(shù)都用is），are表示復(fù)數(shù)。 實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式）+其它肯定句式：主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)形式）+其它否定句式：主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+doesnt+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Does+主語(yǔ)（第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)

3、）+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它？ 主語(yǔ)（除了第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它肯定句式：主語(yǔ)（除了第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它否定句式：主語(yǔ)（除了第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+dont+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它.一般疑問(wèn)句：Do+主語(yǔ)（除了第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)）+動(dòng)詞（原形）+其它？注：do、dont和does、doesnt是構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的助動(dòng)詞，其特點(diǎn)是要在其后跟動(dòng)詞的原形。 三、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的判斷標(biāo)志詞often , usually , always , sometimes , at times , once a day , every + 時(shí)間 四、 動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)的構(gòu)成規(guī)則和發(fā)音規(guī)則：1. 一般在動(dòng)詞后直接加

4、上-s。在清輔音后發(fā)音為s，在濁輔音及元音后發(fā)音為 z。如：stopstops s ; makemakes s readreads z ; playplays z2. 以“s, x, ch, sh”結(jié)尾的，在詞尾加“es”，發(fā)音為iz 如：teachteaches iz; watchwatches iz3. 以輔音字母加“y”結(jié)尾的，要先將“y”變?yōu)椤癷”，然后在加“es”讀iz 如：flyflies z；carrycarries z；studystudies z; worryworriesz4以“o”結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，加“es”，讀z 如：gogoes z dodoes z5. 還有個(gè)別動(dòng)詞的第三

5、人稱(chēng)單數(shù)是不規(guī)則的，例如：have has注：請(qǐng)思考一下動(dòng)詞的第三人稱(chēng)變化與名詞的復(fù)數(shù)有什么異同點(diǎn)。 五、 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的基本用法1) 經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻率的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用?！纠纭浚?. I leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.（肯定句）I dont leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.（否定句）Do you leave home for school at 7:00 every morning.（一般疑問(wèn)句）2. His father reads newspaper every

6、 day.（肯定句）His father doesnt read newspaper every day.（否定句）Does his father read newspaper every day? （一般疑問(wèn)句） 2) 客觀真理，定理，規(guī)律，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)，格言。【例如】：1. The earth moves around the sun.（肯定句）The earth doesnt move around the sun.（否定句）Does the earth move around the sun?（一般疑問(wèn)句） 3) 表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的性格、特征、能力、狀態(tài)（往往是沒(méi)有時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）She

7、speaks English well. （肯定句）She doesnt speak English well. （否定句）Does she speak English well? （一般疑問(wèn)句）初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)練習(xí)題1）用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.I like _ (swim). 2.He _(read) English every day.3.We _(go)to school at seven in the morning. 4.Mike_(go)to school at seven in the morning.5.My mother_(like) _(go) shopping.

8、6.I can _(draw) many beautiful pictures.7.She_(make) a model plane. 8.Do you _(like)_(run)?9.Does he_(like)_(jump) ? 10.Does Nancy_(grow)flowers on Saturday ?11.The teachers_(like)_(dance). 12.The teacher_(like)_(dance).13.The students_(speak) English in class. 14.The student_(speak) Chinese after c

9、lass. 15. Lets_and play football . ( go ) 16. He_ like swimming . ( not ) 17. Im sorry _that . ( hear ) 18. Wang Bing is_ ( write ) an E-mail to his friend .19. He has_a headache . ( get )20. _you study English at school ? Yes , I_. ( do )21. _your sister study English at school ? No , she_ . ( do )

10、22. Im _ better . ( feel ) 23. Why_Tom absent today ? ( be )2）用所給的人稱(chēng)改寫(xiě)句子1.I take photos on Sunday. ( Mike)2.We grow beautiful flowers. (she)3.They like collecting stamps. (Ben)4.I listen to music carefully. (my aunt)5.You like making a model ship. (Helen)6.We clean the classroom every day. (he)7.The

11、y look after the pandas. (Mr Wang)8.I draw a tree and some flowers. (Nancy)9.We go to bed at eight. ( my sister)10.I read newspapers in the evening. (Mr Green) 二、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go)

12、to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.1

13、2. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(h

14、ave) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday.21 We often _ (play) in the playground.22. He _ (get) up at six oclock.23. _ you _ (brush) your teeth every morning?24. What _(do) he usually _ (do) after school?25. Danny _ (study) English, Chinese, math, science and art at scho

15、ol.26. Mike sometimes _ (go) to the park with his sister.27. At eight at night, she _ (watch) TV with her parents.28. _ Mike _ (read) English every day?29. How many lessons _ your classmate _ (have) on Monday?30.What time _ his mother _ (do) the housework?三、按照要求改寫(xiě)句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening

16、.(改為否定句)_2. I do my homework every day.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答)_3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作肯定回答)_4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，并作否定回答)_5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句)_6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句)_7. I like taking photos in the park.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_8. John comes from Canada.(對(duì)劃線

17、部分提問(wèn))_9. She is always a good student.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答)_10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.(改為否定句)11. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答) _12. I have many books. （改為否定句）_13. Gao Shans sister likes playing table tennis.（改為否定句）_14. She lives in a small town near New York. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_15. I watch TV every day. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_16. David has got a goal. （改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_17. We have four lessons.（改為否定句）_18. Nancy doesnt run fast. （改為肯定句）_19. My dog runs fast. 否定句：_一般疑問(wèn)句：_20. Mike has two letters for him.一般