牛津深圳版初一下學(xué)期英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上Chapter One Travel 一課文重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)plan 計(jì)劃 plan to do sth. 計(jì)劃去做某事offer 提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to vide 提供 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sthshop 購(gòu)物 shop for sth = buy sthWhy not do sth? =Why dont you do sth 為什么不做used to do sth 過去常常做某事be/get used to doing sth 習(xí)慣于做某事the same

2、as 和一樣be famous for sth = be well-know for sth 以聞名 be famous as 作為而著名help sb （to ）do sth 幫助某人做某事help sb with sth 幫助某人做某事one of + 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 之一，其中之一二語(yǔ)法：冠詞a,an,與the 的用法不定冠詞a/an的用法主要有：1泛指 表示"某一個(gè)"，用于可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前。如： We need a rent to live in.2與可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)連用，表示類別。如： 1) I'm a student.(是學(xué)生而不是其他人。) 2) An ele

3、phant is much bigger than a tiger.3在某些詞組中，代替介詞per，作“每一”講。如： twice a day, 5 dollars a kilo I play computer games once a week.注意: a /an 的區(qū)別 a 用在輔音開頭的單詞前：a cat, a useful book an 用在元音發(fā)音的單詞前：an English book, an interesting story, an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man定冠詞the的用法主要有：1. 表示特指某人或某物。如：

4、The notebook on the desk is mine. Beijing is the capital of China.2. 表示上文提過的人或事物。如： There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white. 3. 表示世界上獨(dú)一無(wú)二的東西。如： the earth, the sun4. 用于說(shuō)話雙方都知道的名詞前。如： Let's go for a picnic, shall we? 5. 用在作定語(yǔ)的序數(shù)詞前。如： She is always the first person to come and th

5、e last one to leave. 6. 用在形容詞前表示一類人。如： the rich, the old, the sick, the deaf7. 用在樂器名稱前。如： play the violin(guitar, piano)8. 用在表示“姓”的復(fù)數(shù)名詞前，表示一家人或夫婦二人。如： The Whites are on their holiday in Canada. 9. 用在由普通名詞構(gòu)成表示場(chǎng)所的專有名詞前。如： the People's Park, the Golden Gate Bridge10在最高級(jí)、序數(shù)詞及next，last，same等詞前常用定冠詞。如

6、： The last one is the most important one.不用冠詞的情況(零冠詞的用法)主要有：1. 在物質(zhì)名詞或抽象名詞前。如： Water and air are important to us. Wisdom is better than strength. 2. 名詞前面已有作定語(yǔ)用的this, that, these, those, my, your, some, any等代詞的情況下。如： I want this car, not that car. There is some water in the cup. 3. 在季節(jié)、月份、日期、星期、節(jié)日前。如：

7、 There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter. School begins on September 1. March 8th is Women's Day. 特例：1)中國(guó)的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日要加the。如：the Spring Festival 4. 在一日三餐、球類運(yùn)動(dòng)和學(xué)科名詞前。如： I have breakfast at six in the morning. They play football every day. He prefers science to physics. 特例：當(dāng)表示三餐的名詞前有定語(yǔ)修

8、飾時(shí)，要加不定冠詞。如： They had a good dinner yesterday. 5. 在學(xué)科前不加冠詞。如： I am good at maths and history.6.在“專有名詞+普通名詞”構(gòu)成的表示街道、廣場(chǎng)、公園、橋梁等名詞前；國(guó)名和地名人名前通常也不加冠詞。如：Zhongshan Road, Tian'anmen Square；China，Shenzhen，Tom7表示使用某種交通手段時(shí)，名詞前不用 冠詞。如： I usually go to my office by bus.配套練習(xí)1. There will be _ interesting TV pr

9、ogram tomorrow evening. A. a B. an C. the D. some2. I have never seen _ UFO in _ sky. A. a , the B. an , the C. a, a D. the, a3. - Have you seen _ umbrella here? - You mean _ black one? It was here just now. A. an; the B. the; a C. an; a D. the; the4 . _ Biology is _ science of _life.  

10、60; A. /; the; /                                      B. /; the; the    C. The; /; /  

11、0;                                 D. The; /; the5. The boy wrote _ “l(fā)” and _“u” on the blackboard. A. a; an B. an; an C. a; a D. an; a 6. N

12、ow he is _ artist . I have known him since he was _ one-year-old boy. A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a 7._Christmas Day of the western countries falls before _Spring Festival of China. A. /; the B. the ; / C. /;/ D. The ; the8. Today is my _happiest day because I won _ first prize in the match. A

13、. the ; the B. /; the C. the ; / D. /;/ 9. _Changjiang River is _ longest river in China. A. The ; the B. The ; / C. / ; the D. / ;/ Chapter 2 Protecting our environment一課文重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ)be interested in sth 對(duì)感興趣 of course 當(dāng)然begin to do sth 開始做某事 each other 相互pass sth to sb =pass sb sth 傳遞某物給某人communicate w

14、ith sb 和某人交流taste 嘗起來(lái) 后跟形容詞作表語(yǔ)be in danger 處境危險(xiǎn) collect stamps 搜集郵票enjoy doing 喜歡做 enjoy oneself 玩得開心thank sb for sth /doing sth 感謝某人做某事make sb/sth + 動(dòng)詞原形 使做in order of 以的順序類似inrerested 與interesting的形容詞：excited/ exciting, tired/ tiring, surprised/ suprising, bored/ boring通常以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞含被動(dòng)意義，表示人感到; 以-i

15、ng 結(jié)尾的形容詞汗主動(dòng)意義，表示使人，令人.二. 語(yǔ)法：現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)be(am/is/are)+動(dòng)詞ing(現(xiàn)在分語(yǔ))構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)be是助動(dòng)詞，幫助構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及語(yǔ)氣、否定句和疑問句  動(dòng)詞ing現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則：1）動(dòng)詞+ing： do-doing teach-teaching ；2）以一個(gè)元音字母+一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞，雙寫輔音字母再+ing：put-putting；3）  以字母e 結(jié)尾的，去掉e再+ing： make-making take-taking。4）單詞以輔音字母加ie結(jié)尾，去-ie變y,再加-ing. 如die(死亡)-dying; tiet

16、ying注意：表狀態(tài)、感覺、情緒、精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞不可用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，如： believe（相信），doubt（懷疑），hear，know，understand，belong（屬于），think（認(rèn)為），look（看起來(lái)），show，mind，have，sound（聽起來(lái)），taste（嘗起來(lái)），care，like，hate，love，例如：Danny: The doorbell is ringing.May: I know. I hear it. 某些趨向動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示將來(lái)：Im coming. 我這就來(lái)。Im going/leaving.我這就走。同步練習(xí)( )1. Listen! Wh

17、o _ in the room? Lets go and see. A. is crying B. crying C. cry D. cries( ) 2 . we can get some useful things _ trees. A .to B .for C. with D. from( ) 3 .You must thank the girls _ their help. A. for B. to C. on D. about( ) 4. We plant _ trees in our school every year. A . a lot B. a lot of C. a lot

18、s of D much( ) 5.Jim and his teacher _ over there. A. is talk B. are talk C. is talking D. are talking( ) 6 “ Dont always make Tim _ this or that. He is a big boy now.” Mrs Bush said. A. doing B. do C. does D. to do( )7 What is the boy doing? Hes _ a book. A. seeing B. reading C. looking at D. watch

19、ing( ) 8 Mr. Smith_ to visit Beijing in two days. A. come B. came C. comes D. is coming( ) 9. I think English is _ than Math. A. interestinger B. more interesting C. most interesting D. more interestinger( ) 10 We _ a picnic next week. A. will have B. have C. having D. had( ) 11. There _ a football

20、game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning. A. has B. is going to be C. will have D has been( )12. Its a big house _ a garden in front of it. A. in B. have C. for D. with()13Will you pass that book _ me? A. to B. for C. from D. at()14Rose never communicates _ others.A. toB. for C. with D. at( )

21、15. Do you know what these books are useful _?A. toB. for C. with D. at( )16. Trees are our best fighters _ pollution.A. forB. with C. on D. againstChpater 3一課文重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)與短語(yǔ) look up 查閱 human beings 人類an amusement park 游樂園 buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 給某人買某物 all year round 全年some others 一些另一些 asas像一樣 die ou

22、t 滅絕 learn about sth from從了解某事 be born 出生 after leaving school 畢業(yè)后 deliver mail 送郵件 at the same time 同時(shí)be based on 以為基礎(chǔ) more than 數(shù)量多于二. 語(yǔ)法1 指示代詞this，that，these，those四個(gè)詞都是指示代詞，分別表示“這個(gè)”，“那個(gè)”，“這些”，“那些”。從中文釋義上我們也能看出，它們之間是有差別的。那么，我們就來(lái)講一講，指示代詞this，that，these，those的具體用法。（1）this 用來(lái)指離說(shuō)話者位置近的人或者物，以及時(shí)間上較近的場(chǎng)合。

23、如：This is my mother. 這是我媽媽。（2）that用來(lái)指在空間或時(shí)間上離的較遠(yuǎn)的人、物和場(chǎng)合。如：That is his father. 那是我爸爸。（3）these是this的復(fù)數(shù)形式，those是that的復(fù)數(shù)形式。this，that和is 連用，而these，those和are 連用。this is，these are，those are不存在縮寫形式，只有that is有縮寫形式，即that's。如：These are my friends.Those are their aunts.That's his father. = That is his f

24、ather.指示代詞的陳述句形式我們已經(jīng)了解了，那么，怎樣將它們改成一般疑問句呢？我們都知道，由陳述句轉(zhuǎn)換為一般疑問句時(shí)，直接將be動(dòng)詞提前到句首，把第一人稱轉(zhuǎn)換為第二人稱，回答用yes或no。而在回答主語(yǔ)為this，that，these，those的疑問句時(shí)，問句中的this，that在答語(yǔ)中要用it替代，these，those要用they替代。如： Is this his father? Yes, it is. / No, it isn't. Are these your friends? Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.注意：指示代詞所指

25、的事物第二次提到時(shí)，通常也是用it 代替this和that，用they 代替these 和those。What is this？It is a bird.（4）this,that,those和these加名詞構(gòu)成一些常用短語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間，指現(xiàn)在或過去。 this morning 今天早晨 this spring 今年春天that morning 那天早晨 these days 這些天2 可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞 普通名詞所表示的人或事物是可以按個(gè)數(shù)計(jì)算的，這類名詞叫可數(shù)名詞?？蓴?shù)名詞分為個(gè)體名詞(表示某類人或事物中的個(gè)體，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集體名詞(表

26、示作為一個(gè)整體來(lái)看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名詞所表示的事物是不能按個(gè)數(shù)來(lái)計(jì)算的，這類名詞就叫不可數(shù)名詞。不可數(shù)名詞分為物質(zhì)名詞(表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的物質(zhì)，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名詞(表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、情況、品質(zhì)等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。指一個(gè)人或一件事物時(shí)，用單數(shù)形式；指兩個(gè)或多個(gè)人或事物時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。（1） 可數(shù)名詞表示復(fù)數(shù)意義時(shí)，可用some/ many/lots of/ a lot of / a

27、few/ few/ 修飾： many bananas ， a few pens （2） 不可數(shù)名詞可以用some/ much/ lots of/ a lot of / a little/ little 修飾：much meat ， a little bread可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)規(guī)則變化：(1)一般情況在詞尾加-s map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days (2)以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾的名詞后加-es class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes (3)以-f或-fe結(jié)尾的詞 變-f和-f

28、e為v再加-es leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives 加-s belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs (4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加-es party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities (5)以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，或?qū)Ｓ忻~以y結(jié)尾的，加-s toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays,

29、 Henry-Henrys (6)以輔音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞 一般加-es hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes 不少外來(lái)詞加-s piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos (7) 以元音字母加-o結(jié)尾的名詞加-s radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos(8) 除人民幣元、角、分外，美元、英鎊、法郎等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。例：a dollar, two dollars;不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù)： 英語(yǔ)里有些名

30、詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是不規(guī)則的，現(xiàn)歸納如下：1改變名詞中的元音字母或其他形式 man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice 2單復(fù)數(shù)相同 sheep, deer, fish, yuan, jin, Swiss, Chinese, Japanese 3只有復(fù)數(shù)形式 trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses4一些集體名詞總是用作復(fù)數(shù) people, police, cattle注意: 記住一些特殊的名詞的變化形式，如：Chinese-Chinese Japanese-JapaneseEnglish

31、man-Englishmen Frenchman-FrenchmenRussian-Russians American-AmericansGerman - Germanschild-children foot-feetman-men woman-womentooth-teeth goose - geesedeer-deer sheep-sheep同步練習(xí)一. 選擇填空( )1.-Would you like some tea ? -Yes, just _ .A. a little B. a few C. a little of D. much( )2. - Our new Chinas ful

32、l name is the Peoples Republic of China.- Yes, it was _ on October 1, 1949. A. foundB. foundedC. foundingD. finding( )3. - What is the story about? - It is a detective story and is _ a real story. A. come from B. based onC. based toD. bases on( )4. - How many _are there on the table? - There are _.

33、A. glass of water / two B. carton of milk / ten C. baskets of oranges / twoD. bottles of oranges / ten( )5. - What do you usually do in the morning?- We often have _ seven in the morning.A. breakfast B. lunch at C. supper D. breakfast at( )6. I am thirsty. Would you bring me_, please?A. some bread B

34、. some tea C. any water D. some eggs( )7-Whats _ in English? -_ a pair of glasses.Athis - Its B、this - That Cthis - It Dthat - Thats( )8Guo bought _ in the shop last week. A. a lot of bread and a jar of jamsB. a lot of breads and two jars of jam C. a lot of bread and a jar jamD. a lot of bread and t

35、wo jars of jam( )9._ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well .A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of( )10. “Whats the _ today ? ”-“Its June 26. ”A. day B. date C. time D. hour( )11. - Hello! Who is _? - _ is Mary speaking. A. that / ThatB. that / This C. this / ThisD. the

36、se / Those( )12. They are _ from America. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctorD. women doctors( )13. Tom always stays at home for _ on Sunday. A. one and half hourB. one and a half hourC. one half an hour D. one and a half hours( )14, - Can I help you? - Yes, I want 2 kilograms of _ and

37、some _ A. beef / eggB. egg / beefC. beef / eggsD. an egg / beef( )15. How many _ are there in these _? A. tomato / photoB. tomatoes / photoes C. tomatos / photosD. tomatoes / photos解釋句子(對(duì)劃線部分解釋).1. Mickey Mouse comes from a real mouse. Mickey Mouse _ _ _ a real mouse.2. Dinosaurs all became dead sud

38、denly. Dinosaurs _ _ suddenly.3. I am doing my homework while my dad is watching TV.I am doing my homework._ _ _ _, my dad is watching TV.4. When did Disney start the famous Disneyland? When did Disney _the famous Disneyland?5. Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years.Dinosaurs _on E

39、arth more than sixty million years. 6. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.Some dinosaurs were _ _ _ chickens.完形填空 Walt Disney, the great film maker was born in Chicago 1_ 1901. Disneys wish was to be a famous 2_. He took some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job. However, he had no 3 _

40、. They looked at his pictures and said, “Sorry, young man. We dont think there is anything of interest in your pictures.”Disneys 4_tried to encourage(鼓勵(lì)) him. They said, “Dont worry, Walt. We like your 5_. We are sure you will be well-known as 6 _ before long.” His family was poor and he 7 _sit in t

41、he family garage and draw pictures there. One day a mouse came and played on the floor. Disney stopped 8 _and watched the mouse. The mouse was 9 _, so he gave the mouse a piece of bread. Then the mouse came and sat on his desk. 10 _ the mouse came back and was given more bread. In this way the artis

42、t and his mouse became good friends.( )1. A. inB. forC. onD. at( )2. A. workerB. artistC. drawerD. teacher( )3. A. hopeB. worryC. luckD. chance( )4. A. fatherB. motherC. friends D. parent( )5. A. picturesB. mouseC. cartoonsD. mails( )6. A. a makerB. a film starC. an artistD. Disneyland( )7. A. likes

43、B. used toC. was used toD. often( )8. A. readingB. listening C. talkingD. drawing( )9. A. goodB. badC. uglyD. gentle( )10.A. Day after dayB. Long time agoC. One by oneD. Before longChapter 4一 重點(diǎn)詞匯和短語(yǔ)1.sense感官2.balance平衡3.tongue舌頭4.blind盲的；瞎的5.book預(yù)定 6.allow允許進(jìn)入7.lead帶路；帶領(lǐng)8.exit出口 9. describe描述10.lie

44、躺 11.dead失靈的；不轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)的12. seem似乎13.convenient方便的 14.mind注意 15 almost幾乎16.disability缺陷；殘疾短語(yǔ)1.find out找出2.match with使.和.相配3.keep balance保持平衡 4.fall down跌倒；摔倒5.stop doing sth停止做某事6. stop to work 停下某事而去工作7.belong to屬于 8.reception desk接待處，服務(wù)臺(tái)9.walk into走進(jìn) 10.book a room定房11.allow sb to do sth允許某人做某事12.lead sb

45、 to sp領(lǐng)某人去某地13.the location of的位置 14.safety first安全第一 15.describe sth to sb向某人描述16.be asleep在睡覺17.save ones life救了某人的生命18.seem like看起來(lái)象，似乎19.the sound of sth 的聲音20.be against sth反對(duì)21.seconds later不久，很快22.show up= appear 出現(xiàn)23. fire alarm火警警報(bào)24.go off突然發(fā)出響聲25.look out/watch out小心 26 have a cold患感冒27.h

46、ear sb doing sth聽見某人正在做某事 28. belong to 屬于29. a blind man 盲人 30. lile on the floor 躺在地上二 語(yǔ)法：人稱代詞；形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞；反身代詞Task1 人稱代詞【用法】人稱代詞分為_和_兩種形式。主格通常做_,放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞_；賓格通常做_, 放在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和介詞_。 單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱主格I賓格me1. _(我) am a teacher.2. My father is talking with _(我).3. _(他) often plays ba

47、sketball after school.4. _(他的) teacher is good.5. _(我們) will buy a pair of shoes for _(他).6. Please pass_(我們) the ball.7. _(他們) are listening to the radio.Task2 形容詞性物主代詞和名詞性物主代詞?！居梅ā啃稳菰~性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，放在_前。名詞性物主代詞后面則不能再跟名詞。人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱形容詞性物主代詞my名詞性物主代詞mine1. This is _(我的) book. That is_(他的). 2. _(他的)

48、chair is blue. _( 我們的) is yellow.3. _(我們的) classroom is big._( 你們的) is small.4. _(他的) teacher is good. _(她的)is good too.Task3 反身代詞第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱單數(shù)myself復(fù)數(shù)專心-專注-專業(yè)1. He called _ a writer. 2. Take care of _.3. The Little boy can dress _.4. I _ washed the clothes. 他自稱是作家。照顧好自己。那個(gè)小男孩可以自己穿衣服。我自己洗了衣服。5. we

49、enjoyed_ last night.我們昨天玩的很愉快同步練習(xí) 按照題目要求填空。1. I will give the presents to_(they).2. Can you show _(I) your book?3. Its time for _(they) to go home.4. Mr. Green often tells _(we) some stories.5. I saw _(she) in the shop yesterday.6. My ruler is long. _ ( you ) is short.7. My bike is broken. May I bor

50、row_ ( she)?8. My book is blue. _(you) is red.9. Our chair is better than _ ( they).10. These books are _(we).11. These are not your desks. They are _(our).12. This is not my shirt. Its _(he)13. These books are_(I), and those are_(you).14. My dog likes _. 我的狗喜歡她。15. Who is there? Its _. 是誰(shuí)?。渴俏?。16. C

51、ome with _. 跟我來(lái)。17. _ classroom is bigger than _. 你們的教室比我們的要大。18. I want to buy some balloons for _. 我想買些氣球送給他。19. These are _ photos. 這些是我們的照片。20. _ like _ very much. 他們非常喜歡它。21. Let _ give _ a book. 讓我給你一本書。二. 選擇填空.()1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesnt enjoy _.A. he B. him C. his D. himself()2. Lily was 9 years old. _ was old enough to go to school _.A. She , she B. She , herself C. Her, herself D. Her. she()3. Ji