牛津深圳版八年級(jí)上英語(yǔ)知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納

1、八年級(jí)上英語(yǔ)_知識(shí)點(diǎn)歸納_牛津深圳版Chapter 1：Water1.a little, much, no, too much, too little, not enough + 不可數(shù)名詞2.a few, many, no, too many, too few, not enough, many a + 可數(shù)名詞3.A lot of, lots of, some, no, not enough, a great deal of + 可數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞4.A little = not much a few = not many5.經(jīng)常在否定句中用" much", e.g.

2、 There is not much water.6.與There be 句型搭配： There are a lot of people in the swimming pool.7.用在特殊疑問(wèn)句中：How much food is there? How many oranges are there?8. " need"的用法， 兩種詞性：A. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：need do sth./ needn't do sth.B. 實(shí)意動(dòng)詞：need to do sth./ don't need to do sth./ need sb to do sth.C. We n

3、eed water for drinking (表示目的）9. It be + （ very much, quite， rather， a little, ) 形容詞 + for sb + to so sth. 對(duì)某人而言做某事比較···, e.g. It's very important for us to learn English well.10. 由" If " 引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句：主句用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，If從句用一般時(shí)態(tài)A. 現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài) We will be thirsty to death if there is no water.B.

4、 過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) We would have arrived at home if there was no traffic jam.C. 將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài) They will go to American if they get their passport and Visa.11. 英語(yǔ)中分?jǐn)?shù)詞的表達(dá)法：A. 用“基數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞”表示: 其中基數(shù)詞表示分子，序數(shù)詞表示分母, 分子除用one外，也可用a；如果分子大于1，分母要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。但是，12不能說(shuō)a（one）second，而要說(shuō)a（one）half。e.g. one tenth, a tenth, two fifths, a half, three

5、eighths, a quarter, three quarters, one fourth, three fourths, B. 分?jǐn)?shù)修飾名詞時(shí)，若該名詞是不可數(shù)名詞只能用單數(shù)；若是可數(shù)名詞，用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)均可。但是，若它們?cè)诰渥又凶髦髡Z(yǔ)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)取決于名詞，即與分?jǐn)?shù)所修飾的名詞保持一致。例如： Only one-fifth of air consists of oxygen氧氣只占空氣的15。 About two thirds of the students attend the meeting大約23的學(xué)生都參加了會(huì)議。 C. 用“基數(shù)詞介詞基數(shù)詞”表示：借助介詞表示分?jǐn)?shù)

6、，介詞前的數(shù)詞是分子，介詞后的數(shù)詞是分母，一般介詞用" out of, of, in, to". 例如：Ninety-nine people out of a hundred，if they were asked who first found America, would answer Clumbus如果要問(wèn)是誰(shuí)首先發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲，一百個(gè)人中有九十九個(gè)（百分之九十九）將回答是哥倫布。 12. Until一詞的用法：A.當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用肯定形式：You can wait here until help comes. (直到.才）B.當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞時(shí)，用否定形

7、式：She didn't go to bed until her daughter came back. （直到她女兒回來(lái)了她才睡覺(jué)）C.是否用not要取決于動(dòng)詞時(shí)延續(xù)性還是非延續(xù)性的，即使動(dòng)詞用否定形式，在翻譯成漢語(yǔ)的時(shí)候都要說(shuō)成“直到.才.”。D." it was not until.that.", 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。It was not until her daughter came back that she went to bed.E.Not until放在句首，句子要倒裝：Not until her daughter came back did she go t

8、o bed.13.常用短語(yǔ)：Believe it or not, flush the toilet, at least, pour into the sink, waste water, clean up, in the first place.Chapter 2 School newspaper1." suggest"用法：建議，暗示，同義詞" advise", A.Suggest + doing sth. : She suggests going shopping at weekend.B.Suggest + that ( should ) do s

9、th. He suggested that school should hold a sports event.2.Take charge of = be in charge of , 由.負(fù)責(zé)；be in the charge of . 某物在某人的掌控之下She takes charge of all books in the library. She is in charge of all books in the library.All books in the library is in the charge of her. 3." ask"的用法： ask sb

10、 ( not ) to do sth. / ask for help, sth./ ask ab about sth.He asked me to fetch water He asks me about the whether in England.He asks for help.4." how often, 多久.' How often do you take exercise ?5." agree "的用法：A.agree with sb. 同義某人的觀點(diǎn)，意見(jiàn)，想法，分析： In my opinion, we should not play co

11、mputer games frequently. Yes，I totally agree with you.B.Agree to sth. 表示一方提出意見(jiàn)，觀點(diǎn)，計(jì)劃，另一方寫(xiě)作，We agree to their arrangement.C.Agree on/ upon sth: 指雙方通過(guò)協(xié)商而取得一致意見(jiàn),We agree on the price.D.Agree to do sth.= agree on doing sth. 同意某人做某事 They agree to conclude the meeting soon. (不能用 agree sb to do sth. )6.In

12、one week's time = one week later 表示在一星期之后，一般用于將來(lái)時(shí)。7." finish " 用法：finish doing sth./ finish sth 完成某事8." take part in " & " join in " & " join "的用法：A.Take part in，常指參加某活動(dòng)，聚會(huì)等：She took part in Helens birthday party yesterday.B.Join in, 常指參加某活動(dòng)，聚會(huì)等: W

13、ould you like to join in the dancing with us ?C.Join常指參加某團(tuán)體，組織，軍隊(duì)等：Pupils are proud of joining Young Pioneer.9.Should & ought to ：兩者都“應(yīng)該”，用法基本相同,區(qū)別在于：(1) ought to比should 語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng), should 表示主觀看法，一些建議，勸說(shuō)時(shí)，譯作“應(yīng)當(dāng)”。 ought to，直接接動(dòng)詞原形，更多反映客觀情況，“有義務(wù)”或“必要”做某事，譯為“應(yīng)當(dāng)，應(yīng)該”（2）ought to的否定就表示做某事一定是錯(cuò)誤的 而should的否定就表示某

14、動(dòng)作不一定要做。A.I/You/He/She/We/They should + do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They ought to do sthB.I/You/He/She/We/They should not + do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They ought not to do sthC.I/You/He/She/We/They shouldn't do sth = I/You/He/She/We/They oughtn't to do sthe.g She ought to take care of her sister.

15、 = She should take care of her sister. You oughtnt to be late for school. You shouldnt be late for school.10.感嘆句形式：A.What a/an + 形容詞 + 名詞+ 主語(yǔ)+ 謂語(yǔ)B.How + 形容詞、副詞 + 主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ)e.g. What a beautiful girl she is! = How beautiful girl she is! What an exciting new it is ! = How exciting the new is ! How quickl

16、y he ran !11.Hundreds of , thousands of, millions of, billions of. 成百上千，成千上萬(wàn)，成萬(wàn)上億.12.常用短語(yǔ)：hold a meeting, elect the chief editor, vote for (為.投票），take charge of =be in charge of , ask for, take notes （of ), be responsible for, take over, be free to readers, pay for sth., agree to do sth. Conclude th

17、e meeting， bring the meeting to the end, give out newspaper（出版），common sense, put a mark on, write down, at the New Year's Party, in all (總共），march around the street, take part in, at the end (of ), in the end, take place, be on fire（著火），be born in（出身于），science fiction film, adventure film, what

18、 a shame, congratulations! Well done, you deserve to win. Long time no see. I'm sorry but., find out.Chapter 3 Detectives and Crimes1.The + adj.：表示一類人，the old 老人， the young 年輕人， the guilty 有罪之人，當(dāng)這類詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用三人稱單數(shù)形式：e.g. The old always needs to be taken care of.2." protect"用法：protect

19、sb from doing sth, 保護(hù)某人.不受影響, 相當(dāng)于" prevent from".阻止某人受.影響。 The government tried best to protect local villagers from being threatened by the flood. The government tried best to prevent local villagers from being threatened by the flood.3."deny"用法：deny doing sth. E.g. He denied st

20、ealing Li's bag.4." admit"用法：admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事。She admitted taking away her roommate's camera.5.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（infinitives）：to do & doing兩種形式A.refuse, offer , decide, fail, pretend, agree, promise + to do sth.(只能加不定式)B.區(qū)別remember to do sth. / doing sth. , Stop to do sth./ stop doin

21、g sth., forget to do sth./ forget doing sth., like to do/ like doing, try to do sth/ try doing sth, go on to do sth/ go on doing sth, mean to do sth./ mean doing sth.C.Enjoy, practice, finish, admit, suggest,avoid, deny, forgive, + doing sth.（只能加動(dòng)名詞）D.Begin/start/learn + to do sth = doing sth. 加動(dòng)名詞和

22、不定式意思相近。6.”O(jiān)n + 具體時(shí)間”, He went to hospital on May 8th, 2011.7." knock at one's door " 敲某人的人···8.常用短語(yǔ)：protect the innocent, as well as, find the guilty, alone, lock sth in the safe, report the theft, look for clues, the same as, no longer, not at all, break into one's

23、 house (破門(mén)而入），go to jail/ go to prison, behind bar (在監(jiān)獄中），fake money (假錢(qián)），in the case of., instead of, short of sth. (缺少東西），play games with sb., share information, bump into.Chapter 4 Computer Technology1.形容詞的比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)：形容詞有三種等級(jí)：原級(jí)、比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)。 A. 原級(jí)：句中只有一者時(shí)用原級(jí)，其標(biāo)志詞是very, so, too, quite，rather等修飾。 e.g. His

24、 handwriting is very good.他的書(shū)法很好。 （一個(gè)人不作比較。） B. 比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)構(gòu)成：1）單音節(jié)或少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞一般在原級(jí)后加er 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加est構(gòu)成最高級(jí)。 e.g. small smaller smallest young younger youngest 2）以不發(fā)音的字母e 結(jié)尾的形容詞，直接加r 或st 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 e.g. Nice nicer nicest late later latest 3）以輔音字母+y 結(jié)尾的形容詞，變y為i ，再加er 或est, 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 e.g. Busy busier busiest hea

25、vy heavier heaviest 4）在重讀閉音節(jié)中，末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的形容詞，要先雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加er或est， 構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。 e.g. hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 5) 多音節(jié)詞前加“more”構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，加“most”構(gòu)成最高級(jí)，形容詞的最高級(jí)前要加the, 副詞的最高級(jí)前面可省略the。6) 有些詞語(yǔ)沒(méi)有最高級(jí)，因?yàn)樗旧砭褪亲罡呒?jí)，例如：favorate/ favourate.7）個(gè)別形容詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)是不規(guī)則變化，需個(gè)別記憶。 e.g. good (well) better best bad (badly,

26、 ill) worse worst many(much) more most Little less least Far father farthest 或 further furthest C. 形容詞各級(jí)用法歸納:1) 原級(jí)（同級(jí)）比較：asas; not as(so)as Well give you as much help as we can. She isnt as(so) active in sports as before. 2) 比較級(jí)：表示兩者之間比 更可用狀語(yǔ)much, a little, even等修飾： He made fewer mistakes than I did

27、. He is even richer than I. 3) 最高級(jí)：形容詞最高級(jí)前必須加the, 副詞最高級(jí)前常省略the，后面多用of， in短語(yǔ)表示范圍： It was the most/least interesting story I have ever listened. He is the tallest of the three. 4）如果在兩者之間表示“最”時(shí)要在比較級(jí)前加the，而且還用of the two, of the pair短語(yǔ)： John is the clever of the two boys. Of the two boys, John is the cle

28、ver. 5) 表示是最··中的一個(gè)用“ one of the most./形容詞的最高級(jí)”句型。Yangtz river is one of the longest river all over the world.6) 表示“第幾.”用 “ the + 序數(shù)詞 + 最高級(jí) + 名詞單數(shù)”：The Yellow river is the second longest river in the world.7) " the more., the better " 句型：越.越.The more exercise you have taken, the h

29、ealthier you will be.8) 比較級(jí)+ and + 比較級(jí)，表示“越來(lái)越.”，Drinking water will make you look more and more beautiful.2." prefer" 的用法：1) 后接不定式時(shí)與rather than 或instead of連用：He preferred to die rather than (to) steal. / He perferred to die instead of stealing. 他寧死也不去偷竊。 2）注意介詞搭配，如： I prefer swimming to sk

30、ating. (I like swimming better than skating.)我喜歡游泳勝過(guò)滑冰。prefer 因其本身含有比較之意，而不可再與more 或most連用。 3）prefer名詞或動(dòng)名詞“寧愿”，“更喜歡”：He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人，因此更喜歡吃米飯。I prefer going by bike.我寧愿騎單車去。I prefer the white one.我喜歡那個(gè)白的。 4）prefer to do “愿意做”。 I prefer to go at once.我愿意馬上就走。 5）prefe

31、r sb. to do “愿意某人做” I prefer you to go out at once.我倒希望你馬上就走。 6）prefer sth to sth./ prefer doing sth. to doing sth.“寧愿做.而不做.”. I prefer tea to milk.我寧愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。I prefer watching TV to going out. 我寧愿看電視也不出去。 7) prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“寧愿做.而不做.” ,但是不能說(shuō)prefer sth rather than sthI prefer to

32、 watch TV rather than go out.我寧愿呆在家里也不出去。 8) prefer that從句“寧愿”（從句一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣）I prefer that you should do it.我寧愿你做這件事。3.In the 1960s, 意為“在20世紀(jì)60年代”4."way"的用法：1) " the way to do sth." 表示做某事的方法：There are many ways to learn a foreign language well.2) " the way of doing sth." 表示

33、做某事的方法：There are many ways of learning a foreign language well.3) " on one's way to +地名", 在某人去某地的路上;也可以引申為“在某人做某事，成為。的路上”She was on her way to school when I came across her this afternoon.He has been on his way to a scientist with his diligence and study.4) " the way "引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)

34、，一般用“ that, in which,或者省略"I really appreciate the way that you teach me to swim.= I really appreciate the way in which you teach me to swim.= I really appreciate you teach me to swim.5.常用短語(yǔ)：be unaware of sth, dependent on sth, the answer to the question, for the time being (暫時(shí)），have understandi

35、ng of sth, be good at doing sth, raise questions ( 引發(fā)問(wèn)題）, in one's opinion, in reply to the question at the end, link sth together, all over the world, a wide range of, come into existence. Hardly ever ( 難得，幾乎不），Chapter 5 Historical Stories1.Tooto句型：太.而不能，與“so.that”句型有相似：e.g. The box is too heav

36、y to carry The box is so heavy that I cannot carry it.2.Except for 除了··， 表示不包括···事物在內(nèi)In addition to ，apart from, besides, except均表示“除了···之外，還有···”e.g. She likes all kinds of movies except for the horric.(表示她不喜歡恐怖電影)Except for horric, she likes a

37、ll kinds of movies. （表示她喜歡恐怖電影）3.Succeed in doing sth. 成功做某事, 反義詞：fail to do sth. (做某事不成功)4.定于從句：has/have done sth.A.動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式與過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成：1）一般在動(dòng)詞詞尾加ed。E.g. workworked, rainrained, watchwatched2）如果動(dòng)詞以字母e結(jié)尾，變過(guò)去式時(shí)直接在詞尾加d。例如：loveloved,livelived,changechanged3）如果動(dòng)詞是以一個(gè)元音字母加上一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)單詞，變過(guò)去式時(shí)，要雙寫(xiě)這個(gè)輔音字母，再加ed

38、。例如：stopstopped,planplanned,dropdropped4）如果動(dòng)詞是以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾，變過(guò)去式時(shí)要變y為i再加ed。例如：studystudied,carrycarried,trytried5) 一些特殊詞匯的過(guò)去時(shí)與過(guò)去分詞形式需區(qū)別記憶，如下表所示：動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去分詞動(dòng)詞原形過(guò)去時(shí)過(guò)去分詞常用型A-A-A型dodoesdiddonebroadcastbroadcastbroadcastbewaswerebeencostcostcostgowentgonecutcutcutbecomebecamebecomehurthurthurtspendspentspent

39、letletletmeetmetmetputputputhearheardheardreadreadreadgetgotgotshutshutshutmakemademadehithithitloselostlostsetsetsetseesawseenmustmustmustbeginbeganbegunspreadspreadspreadknowknewknownA-B-Agivegavegivenbecomebecamebecomeeatateeatencomecamecomeforgetforgotforgottenrunranrunbreakbrokebrokencancould c

40、ould A-B-Bwill would would A- A-oughtaught A-oughtaughtmaymightmightbringbroughtbroughtmustmustmustbuyboughtboughttaketooktakenfightfoughtfoughtbringbroughtbroughtthinkthoughtthoughthurthurthurtcatchcaughtcaughtletletletteachtaughttaughtmakemademadefindfoundfoundreadreadread A- A-d+t A-d+tcomecameca

41、mebuildbuiltbuilt其他lendlentlentsellsoldsoldsendsentsenttelltoldtoldspendspentspentholdheldheld A- A+edt A+edtlaylaidlaidburnburnedburntburnedburntpaypaidpaiddreamdreameddreamtdreameddreamtsaysaidsaidlearnlearnedlearntlearnerlearnthearheardheardsmellsmelledsmeltsmelledsmeltmeanmeantmeantspellspelleds

42、peltspelledspeltstandstoodstood A- A-e A+t-eunderstandunderstoodunderstoodfeelfeltfeltshineshoneshonekeepkeptkeptwinwonwonsleepsleptsleptdigdugdugsweepsweptsweptstickstuckstuckfeedfedfedgetgotgotmeetmetmetmakemademadeA-B-Closelostlost A- A-i變a - a變usitsatsatbeginbeganbegunleadledleddrinkdrankdrunkle

43、aveleftleftringrangrunghanghunghungsingsangsung無(wú)規(guī)則swimswamswumdodoesdiddone A - B - A+nenbewaswerebeenblowblewblowngowentgonegrowgrewgrownseesawseenknowknewknownflyflewflownthrowthrewthrownlielaylain(躺；平臥)drawdrewdrawnliedlied(說(shuō)謊)drivedrovedrivenhanghungHung（懸掛）givegavegivenhangedHanged (絞死）riserose

44、risenshakeshookshakenshowshowedshowneatateeatenfallfellfallenforgetforgotforgottenhidehidhiddenrideroderiddenwritewrotewrittentaketooktaken A - B - B+nenbreakbrokebrokenspeakspokespokenstealstolestolenchoosechosechosenfreezefrozefrozenwakewokewokenwearworewornB. 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或

45、結(jié)果,也可表示過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始,一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。1) 構(gòu)成: 肯定句：主語(yǔ) + have/has + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他。(當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)用has,其余人稱用have) 否定式:主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他。 疑問(wèn)式: Have /Has + 主語(yǔ) + 過(guò)去分詞 + 其他 ? 簡(jiǎn)略答語(yǔ): Yes, 主語(yǔ) + have/has.(肯定) No, 主語(yǔ) + haven't/hasn't.(否定) 2) 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的含義之一是過(guò)去完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在仍有影響,用以下四大標(biāo)志詞可以表達(dá)這種含義: a. 以already, j

46、ust和yet為標(biāo)志 ，already, just和yet 表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)、剛剛或還沒(méi)有發(fā)生。She has already finished her homework. （ already用在肯定句中）He hasnt finished her homework yet. （yet一般用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中）b. 以ever和never為標(biāo)志，ever和never 表示到現(xiàn)在為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)曾經(jīng)或從來(lái)沒(méi)有發(fā)生過(guò)。Nancy is the most beautiful girl she has never met before. （Never用于陳述句表否定）Have you eve

47、r visited Shenzhen? (even一般用于肯定句或疑問(wèn)句)c. 以動(dòng)作發(fā)生的次數(shù)為標(biāo)志，若某一動(dòng)作到現(xiàn)在為止已經(jīng)發(fā)生了若干次,則要使用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。I have been to Beijing for three times.  d. 以so far，recently，nowadays,by為標(biāo)志，so far往往表示到目前為止動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)已經(jīng)發(fā)生。Recently, great changes have taken place in China.e. 過(guò)去開(kāi)始的動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)到某一點(diǎn)結(jié)束,也可能繼續(xù)延續(xù),這時(shí)就要根據(jù)時(shí)間“點(diǎn)”、“段”選擇相應(yīng)的介詞for或since。Sh

48、e has stayed in America for three years （for指一段時(shí)間）She has lived with her grandmother since her parents moved to another city. (since指一點(diǎn)的時(shí)間)5.Be made of: 由.組成（看得清原材料的）/ Be made from 由.組成（看不清原材料的）The crown is made of gold. The paper is made from wood.相近短語(yǔ)：consist of = be made up of 由.構(gòu)成China is made u

49、p of many provinces.6.常用詞語(yǔ)：run a competition, rush down, run up the stairs, look down at (向下看)，capture the city, take away, on wheel (帶輪子的)，drag into the city(拉近城)，by midnight, make jokes about（開(kāi)玩笑），except for（除了···，exclude），sweep the floor, make the bed, wash the dishes, hang up the

50、clothes,fix the chair, empty the rubbish bin, paint the wall, mend the hole, get rid of rats,save money, pack ones suitcase，lion dance, firework display, dragon boat race, take sb for a walk, leave sb a message/ note, get into the bath, come out of, send sb to prison.take turn (輪流，依次)Chapter 6 Fish

51、Story1. 形容詞變副詞的規(guī)則：一般直接加ly，“元e”去e加ly，“輔y”改i加ly，“l(fā)e”結(jié)尾e改y,A. 一般情況下直接加“l(fā)y”，以“y”結(jié)尾的, 先將“y”改成“i”,再加“l(fā)y”，少數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞，要去掉e再加-ly。但絕大多數(shù)以e結(jié)尾的形容詞仍然直接加-ly。 分別舉例如下： quickquickly, truetruly, happyhappily, possiblepossibly. B. 以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的形容詞要變y為i,然后再加-ly。如:busy-busily; angry-angrily; easy-easily C. 某些以輔音字母加不發(fā)音的字母e結(jié)尾

52、和以-ue結(jié)尾的形容詞要先去掉e,然后再加-y或-ly。如: terrible-terribly; true-truly; gentle-gently D. 副詞還可以由形容詞加前綴a-得來(lái),如:loud (adj.)-aloud (adv.) , lonely-aloneE. 多音節(jié)y結(jié)尾的詞,將y改為i后加ly easy-easily , happy-happily, heavy-heavily 單音節(jié)y結(jié)尾的詞 直接加ly gay-gayly (gaily) , sly-slyly (slily) 以u(píng)e結(jié)尾的詞 去e加ly true-truly 以le結(jié)尾的詞 去e加y gentle-

53、gently , possible-possibly 其他以e結(jié)尾的詞 一律加ly nice-nicely , wise-wisely , polite-politely 以ll結(jié)尾的詞 只加y full-fully 以ic結(jié)尾的詞 加ally automatic-automatically , energetic-energetically F. 需注意: friendly; motherly; lovely等詞是形容詞而非副詞。 G. 在英語(yǔ)中,有些詞既可以作形容詞,又可以作副詞,如early, much, fast, little, wide, loud等。 Thank you very

54、 much. (adv.) 多謝。There is much water in the river. (adj.) 河里有很多水。The music is too loud. Please turn it down. (adj.) 音樂(lè)聲太大,請(qǐng)調(diào)低點(diǎn)。He speaks loud enough. So everyone in the room can hear what he said. (adv.) 他說(shuō)話的聲音很大,所以房間里每個(gè)人都能聽(tīng)到他的話。 H. 還有一類副詞和形容詞詞義相同,但拼寫(xiě)卻不同,如well和good。He speaks good English. 他講一口流利的英語(yǔ)。

55、He speaks English well. 他英語(yǔ)講得不錯(cuò)。 I.Hard, fast, late 既可以做形同詞，也可作副詞，但是加ly之后他們的意思不一樣Hard-hardly （幾乎不）Late-lately （最近，前不久）2.Apologize to sb for sth. ：因某事而像某人道歉。3.It is good for sb to do sth.4.Be suitable for sth. 對(duì)某事是適合的。5.常用短語(yǔ)：had better do sth happy makes a very good living, according to, lay egg, in no time (很快，立即)，sell out of sth ( 售光，脫銷), leave for (=go away to 動(dòng)身去某地，前往某地)， be satisfied with sth. ( 對(duì)···滿意)，take pleasure in doing sth (樂(lè)于做某事