最高考高考英語語法精講精練專題十一特殊句式倒裝、強調(diào)、主謂一致等常考點

1、專題十一 特殊句式（倒裝、強調(diào)、主謂一致等）?？键c因此，也加大了在語境中綜合 省略句以及強調(diào)句與時間狀語從近幾年，高考中有關(guān)特殊句式注重考查知識之間的交叉，考查語法知識的力度。 在考查強調(diào)句的同時， 把定語從句、句、地點狀語從句等融合到一起，考查學(xué)生綜合把握語法知識的能力?？键c1 強調(diào)句構(gòu)成和判斷：“It is/was +被強調(diào)的部分（時間狀語/地點狀語/原因語/方式狀語/名詞/代詞/從 句）+that（指人可用who） 十句子的其余部分“。如：It was because he was ill that he was absent.一般疑問句和特殊疑問句的強調(diào)句。如：Was_it on th

2、e street that_you met Tom?What was it that made him upset?Do you know what it was_that made_him_upset?注強調(diào)句型用于賓語從句時應(yīng)用陳述語序。+被強調(diào)部分+ that 十句子not until的強調(diào)句，其結(jié)構(gòu)為"It is/was not until剩余部分”。如：It was not until I came back that he left.強調(diào)謂語用“ does/do/did +動詞原形”。如：He did come back yesterday.In my opinion ,

3、 Mr.White good to his students in his class at present.A. does does B. does didC. does do D. did doWhat did she want to know, Tom? She wondered we could complete the experiment.A. when was itB. it was when thatC. it was whenD. when it was that It was on the farm they visited they got to know.A. wher

4、e ; that B. which ; whenC. that ; that D. which ; which一 that he managed to get the information? Oh, a friend of his helped him.A. Where was it B. What was itC. How was it D. Why was it It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. untilC. before D. when

5、【答案】C D CC A飛”、2 it用法指代上文的同名同物。如：There is no more than one copy left. Will you buy it?作形式主語和形式賓語。如：It is impossible to get there in time.I owe it to him that I can succeed.We should bring it to his attention that he should work hard. like/dislike/hate/appreciate/prefer/want/stand/+ it +從句 depend on/

6、rely on + it +從句； see to + it +從句用于固定短語或句型中。如： get it/make it/catch it/forget it/it's worth it/I can't help it/as sb. put it/mean it。指代時間、天氣、距離、溫度或在打電話、有人敲門等情形時。基礎(chǔ)再*盧 I dislike when people talk with their mouths full.A. it B. thatC. this D. them It worried her a bit her hair was turning gray

7、.A. while B. thatC. if D. for You must see to all the children are being taken good care of.A. that B. itC. it that D. whetheris our belief that improvements in health care will lead toastronger , more prosperous economy.A. As B. ThatC. This D. It【答案】ABCD考A333 倒裝句表方式或方位的副詞或介詞短語置于句首，主語是名詞時要全部倒裝，且不用進行

8、時倒裝。若主語為人稱代詞則不倒裝。如：In came the teacher. 老 進來了。In he came.他進來了。分詞、形容詞放在句首全部倒裝。如：Hanging on the wall are two pictures.“Only +副詞/介詞短語/狀語從句”放在句首時倒裝（在強調(diào)句中不可倒裝，notuntil 也是如此）。如：Only then did he realize he was wrong.Only when you work hard will you succeed.否定詞和否定短語 （in no case , under no circumstances , on

9、 no account , in no way, on no condition , by no means , at no time）放在句首時倒裝。如：He said that under no circumstances would_he give_upHardly/Scarcelywhen=No soonerthan用過去完成時，主句倒裝。如：Hardly had the football game begun when it started raining.=No sooner had the football game begun than it started raining.n

10、ot only.but （also）.中 not only 后的句子需倒裝。如：Not only is the young man clever but also he is hardworking.表示"A.B 也（不）.”，用 so, neither/nor 倒裝。如：He speaks Chinese , and so do I.He doesn't speak Japanese , and nor/neither do I.so/such. that.（如此以至于）放在句首時倒裝。如：Such a good teacher is_he that we all like

11、 him.So good is_the teacher that we all like him.as表示“雖然” 時，用“名詞（不帶冠詞）/形容詞/副詞/動詞原形+ as. ”。如：Child as he is , he knows a lot.表虛擬語氣中的 had, were, should提到主語前。如：Were it to rain tomorrow , I would not go there.=Should it rain tomorrow , I would not go there.Had I attended the meeting yesterday , I would

12、have seen him.基礎(chǔ)再參產(chǎn) Only when I left my parents for Italy how much I loved them.A. I realized B. I had realizedC. had I realized D. did I realize, his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.A. Strange as might it soundB. As it might sound strangeC. As strange it might soundD. Strange as

13、it might sound I have been living in the United States for twenty years , but seldom so lonely as now.A. have I felt B. I had feltC. I have felt D. had I felt So sudden that the enemy had no time to escape.A. did the attack B. the attack didC. was the attack D. the attack was Not until on TV that th

14、e Chinese ship was rescued by theEuropean Union Task Force.A. I turned ; did I knowB. did I turn; did I knowC. did I turn; I knewD. I turned ; I had known【答案】DD AC A者" A"T氣，4主謂一致and連接同一個人、同一事物、同一概念時，謂語用單數(shù)。如：The writer and worker is in the room.動名詞、不定式和從句作主語，謂語用單數(shù)。如：Educating girls is very

15、important.度量衡、國家、報刊、組織、書等后的謂語用單數(shù)。如：5, 000 dollars is a large sum of money. all of./most of./some of/half of./part of./the rest of./百分數(shù)/分數(shù)詞/后的謂語用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)取決于所修飾的名詞。如：All of the books have been sold out.All of the money has been lent. team/band/class/family/public/population/government/committee等集體名詞作主語時，

16、需根據(jù)其所表示的意思來確定謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：The family is made up of five members.The family are watching TV.“the rich/poor/old/young/wounded/dead/living/.(表示“一類人")十 復(fù)數(shù)謂語”"the n ew/old/beautiful/unexplained/.(表示“抽象概念")+單數(shù)謂語”。如：The old are easily taken in.以 many a+n. , more than one + n. , each/every/no +

17、 n.( + each/every/no + n.)作 主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。如：Many a student has seen the film.Each girl and each boy has a book.“A number of.+復(fù)數(shù)謂語”"The number of.十 單數(shù)謂語”。如：A number of students are fond of the book.The number of students in our class is 50.a Quantities of+單數(shù)名詞/復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)謂語”"A quantity of +單數(shù)名詞+單

18、數(shù)謂語” “A quantity of+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+復(fù)數(shù)謂語”。如：Large quantities of water are badly polluted.A large quantity of water is badly polluted.10就近原貝U (either.or., not only.but also , not.but , neither.nor. ,there be);就遠原貝U (with , along with , together with , as well as, such as/like , rather than , besides , including

19、 , but , except)。如：Not I but Tom and Jack are right.Nobody but Tom and Jack is right.基礎(chǔ)再練|十用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空： Many a student(have) already made such an interesting experiment. The teacher and writer(be) delivering a speech now. Mary along with her parents(be) going to attend the meeting. Not only the stud

20、ents but also their teacher(be) interested in the book. Ten years(be) a moment in history. Only 60 per cent of the work(be) done yesterday.CD Quantities of good earth(be) being washed away each year. More than one student(have) failed the exam.【答案】has is is is is was arehas0 考，,一»1 5 反意疑問句must,

21、 may, might , can, could表示推測時，可先將句子改為I amsure that句型,反意疑問句部分的動詞形式根據(jù)be sure后的賓語從句的謂語動詞形式確定。如：He must be a doctor , isn't he?=I am sure that he is a doctor , isn't he?He must have seen the film last week , didn't he?=I am sure that he saw the film last week, didn't he?You must have hea

22、rd about it.=I am sure that you have heard about it, haven't you?當(dāng)陳述部分帶有賓語從句時，反意疑問部分的主語應(yīng)和主句的主語保持一致。但陳述部分主句的謂語動詞是 think , believe , suppose, expect , imagine , guess , be sure 等, 且主語為第一人稱時，要對賓語從句的主語反問。如：Tom doesn't believe Jane will succeed , does he?I don't believe Jane will succeed, wil

23、l she?在并列句中，要對第二個分句反問。如：He is a doctor but his wife is a teacher, isn't she?祈使句后的附加問句不表示反意，而表示一種語氣。其結(jié)構(gòu)為:否定祈使句，+ will you?肯定祈使句，+ will/won't you?Let's. , + shall we?Let us/me/him/. , + will you?陳述分含有 seldom , hardly , scarcely , never, few, little , nothing , nobody 等否定詞或半否定詞時，反意疑問部分的動詞用肯

24、定形式。如：He could hardly believe his own eyes , could he?陳述部分含有 used to的反意疑問部分用 usedn't或didn't 均可。若含有ought to 時，則用 oughtn't 或 shouldn't 。如：There used to be a bridge here , usedn't/didn't there?當(dāng)主語是 everything , anything , something 等時，用it 反問。當(dāng)主語是 everyone , anyone, somebody等時，用

25、they 或 he 反問。如：Everything is all right , isn't it?Everybody is here , aren't they/isn't he?回答反意疑問句時應(yīng)遵循的原則：看所提到的事物是否已發(fā)生或未發(fā)生。如果發(fā)生了,用肯定回答，否則用否定回答。如：-You haven't been here long , have you ?（你在這兒不久，是嗎？ ） No, I haven't. I am new here.（ 是的，我是新來的。）there be結(jié)構(gòu)用there反問。如：There are two peopl

26、e waiting outside, aren't there?10That's，This is.用 it 反問。如：That is a book, isn't it?基礎(chǔ)鏘完成下列句子： Don't forget to turn off the light, ? He knows little about English , ?Mary, feed the chickens , ? He couldn't have been told about it, ? Bob told you that there was nobody in the room

27、Everything is all right , ?Everybody is here , ? I don't believe he is wrong , ?一You won't go to his party , will you?, if he invites me.on't you has he didn't he【答案】 will you does hewill you/w isn't it ; aren't they/isn't he is heYes6 否定句不帶否定詞的否定。如：far from（ 決不； 一點也不 ）=a

28、nything but = not nearly = not at all = nowhere near free from.（ 無的）He is the last person I want to see（他是我最不想見的人 ）.帶否定詞的肯定。如：I can hardly wait to see him. = I can't wait to see him.I've never heard a better voice.= His voice is the best one that I have everheard.He's no richer than me.

29、= He is as poor as me.There's nothing but a table in the room.= There is only a table in the room.部分否定和全部否定部分否定用 not both/all/every/.=both/all/every/.not.;全部否定用“neither/none/no +名詞”。如：All the students don't like the film.=Not all the students like the film.Neither of them has a car.否定省略。如：I

30、hope/guess/am afraid so.的否定省略為：I hope/guess/am afraid not.I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.的否定省略為：I think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect not.=I don't think/suppose/believe/imagine/expect so.Ji基礎(chǔ)再闌+一Would you like to go to the cinema with us?Yes, . What time are we going to meet?A. I wou

31、ld B. I would likeC. I like to D. I'd like toIt can't be Mike who has done such a foolish thing. He is but a fool.A. nothing B. somethingC. everything D. anything一Aren't you cold?. I'm boiling.A. Take it easyB. Far from itC. Not a littleD. That's all rightWhile I agree with most

32、of what you said, I don't agree withA. something B. anythingC. everything D. nothing【答案】DD BC華考忐A萬7 省略上下文對話中。如：What made him so upset? Losing his bike.并列句中。如：One side of the board should be painted white and the other red.同時省略句子的幾個成分，保留副詞。如： Do you like the film?Yes, very much. = Really./No , no

33、t very much. = Not really.類似的有： perfectly , absolutely , exactly , very , not exactly , not likely( impossible).不定式的省略(保留to , to be , to have , to have been)。如：Are you a doctor? No, but I used to be. Do you smoke? No, but I used to. He hasn't finished yet.Well , he ought to have.if necessary如果有必

34、要if possible如果有可能if so假如這樣的話if not 如果不if ever 如果曾經(jīng)有過(表示時間)if any 如果有一些的話(表示數(shù)量)if anything若要說的話Correct your mistakes , if any.He is seldom , if ever , late for class.祈使句結(jié)構(gòu)。如：One more week and I'll finish the job.Work hard and you will succeed.“連詞+分詞”的省略(前提條件為狀語從句的主語與主句的主語一致時，可以省略 狀語從句中的主語和系動詞be)。

35、如：When finished , the project will be a great success.When waiting for a bus , I met him.基礎(chǔ)再啰/用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空：一When did the accident happen? It was in 1980 he was in middle school.一What should I do with the passage?(find) out the main idea.一It's wise of you to come around but why?(see) that it is right.

36、一Whom do you want to see?The man(call) himself Mr. Smith.【答案】when FindTo see calling區(qū)別 it , one, that , those :it 與上文名詞是同名同物；one=a(n) +上文的可數(shù)名詞；that =the+上文的單數(shù)名詞，后面常有一個后置定語；those = the ones = the +上文的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，后面常有一個后置 定語。替代動詞：用does, do, did替代上文同一動詞。如：He spends more time watching TV than he does reading.替

37、代句子：用so替代上文的句子。如：He smokes a lot. Does his brother do so?基礎(chǔ)正色/用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空： The population of China is larger than of Japan. The radios in this factory are cheaper than in that one. I have no mobile phone and I want to buy I want to buy a gift for my mother, at a proper price but of goodquality. She play

38、s the piano better than Mary the guitar.【答案】that those one one does9 插入語副詞修飾整個句子：luckily = fortunately = happily , sadly , strangely , obviously , briefly. 如：Fortunately , people have come to realize the importance of protecting the environment.介詞短語 in conclusion = in a word = in short = in brief ,

39、in one's view = in one's opinion = in one's sight , in other words , to one's surprise. , (or) rather.動詞不定式： to begin with , to conclude , to be exact , to tell the truth = to be honest , not to mention. = let alone. , to make things/matters even worse = what's worse.分詞： generall

40、y speaking , strictly speaking.句子：that is = that is to say = namely , he says/he said , it is said , what's more, you know/you see , I'm afraid , I mean.Ml基礎(chǔ)再練|十The students are not allowed , unless they have special passes , after 10: 30 p . m.A. to stay out B. staying outC. stay out D. sta

41、yed out一I wonder why he seldom donates anything to help others. Oh, he can't even support himself though he is working hard , helping others.A. apart from B. in addition toC. not to mention D. in place ofOur manager is far from satisfied with you., you failed in the jobinterview.A. In total B. I

42、 seeC. I mean D. In particular【答案】AC C10 感嘆句感嘆句基本構(gòu)成：What + a(n) +形容詞+名詞+主語+謂語！How形容詞+ a(n) +單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!How形容詞/副詞+主語+謂語！基礎(chǔ)再窿用 whathow填空： an interesting book it is! interesting a book it is! interesting books they are! great progress he has made! I wish I could go to space!【答案】 What How What What Ho

43、w毀典導(dǎo)引1. （2014 福建卷 ）The climate here is quite pleasant, the temperature rarely, reaching 30° C in summer.A. if not B. if ever C. if any D. if so2. （2014 湖南卷 ）It's not doing the things we like, but liking the things we have to do makes life happy.A. that B. whichC. what D. who3. （2014 江蘇卷）The

44、 idea "happiness" , , will not sit still for easy definition.A. to be rigid B. to be sureC. to be perfect D. to be fair4. （2014 重慶卷 ）I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museumduring your stay , you? A. mustn't B. haven'tC. didn't D. ha

45、dn't5. （2014 d匕京卷） carefully if any change occurs when doing experiments in the lab.A. Observe B. To observeC. Observed D. Observing6. （2013 江蘇卷）Generally , students' inner motivation with high expectations from others essential to their development.A. is B. areC. was D. were7. （2013 江蘇卷）&qu

46、ot;Never for a second , " the boy says ,“ that my father would come to my rescue. ”A. I doubted B. do I doubtC. I have doubted D. did I doubt8. （2013 湖南卷）The university estimates that living expenses for international students around $8, 450 a year , which a burden for some of them.A. are; is B

47、. are; areC. is; are D. is; is9. （2013 全國卷）It was only after he had read the papers Mr. Grossrealized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.A. when B. thatC. which D. what10. （2012 重慶卷 ）It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic Zheng He had sailed to East Afr

48、ica.A. when B. thatC. after D. since【答案】1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. A 7. D 8. A9. B 10. B鞏固提開土1. No sooner at the desk than the telephone rang.A. had he sat downB. he sat downC. he had sat downD. did he sit down2. Nobody but Jack and Jane great progress in the class recently.A. have made B. has made

49、C. had made D. made3. A survey of the opinions of experts that three hours of outdoorexercise a week good for one's health.A. show ; are B. shows ; isC. show ; is D. shows ; are4. The women carrying babies , come in first , ?A. will you B. will theyC. do you D. don't you5. So difficult it to

50、 work out the problem that I decided to ask Tomfor advice.A. I did findB. did I findC. I have foundD.have I found6. The place isn't too bad , is it?No, it is a bit too crowded.A. but B. forC. and D. as7. you get into university in the future , you would have to go and take the chance.A. Will B.

51、ShouldC. Would D. Could8. Was it not until out of natural resources that they began to pushfor other ones?A. people had runB. had people runC. did people runD. people had been9. Whenyou've finished with that book ， don't forget to put it back on the shelf？A. do you B. don't youC. will yo

52、u D. won't you10. The students have been told that under no condition the mobile phonein class.A. may they useB. they may useC. they could useD. would they use11. Was it from the lakehe often went fishinghe saved thedrowning girl?A. that ； thatB. where ； whereC. where ； thatD. that ； where12. Jo

53、hnson knows much about the movie. I think he must have seen it ， ？A. doesn't he B. hasn't heC. don't I D. didn't he13. So hard in the past few months that he has made great progressin English. I can see thatA. has he workedB. he has worked C. he has worked D. has he workedonly a few

54、mistakesdid he makehe madehas he madehe madein this exam.14. You must have met him the other day ， I'm quite sure. Oh， no， I A. didn't B. haven'tC. hadn't D. mustn't15. Mother hasn't come back yet. Well ， she ought A. to B. to beC. to do D. to have16. I hear that Bai San can&

55、#39;t afford his schooling this fall. ， let's do something for him.A. If soB. When possibleC. When necessaryD. What a shame17. Do you have any idea what Paul does all day? As I know ， he spends at least as much time playing as heA. writes B. does writingC. is writing D. does write18. Be careful with such things. If you ， you'll drop them.A. don't B. aren'tC. do D. won't19. It's ages since I last sa