(完整)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)講解及練習(xí)(含答案),推薦文檔

1、The Passive Voice被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式1. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本時(shí)態(tài)變化1) am/is/are +done (過(guò)去分詞 ) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)2） has /have been done現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)3） am/is /are being done 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)4） was/were done 一般過(guò)去時(shí)5） had been done 過(guò)去完成時(shí)6） was/were being done 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)7） shall/will be done 一般將來(lái)時(shí)8） should/would be done 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)形式1)帶情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)。其形式為：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞b

2、e過(guò)去分詞。例 The baby should be taken good care of by the baby-sitter.2) 有些動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)，在用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，可以把主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)，另一賓語(yǔ)仍然保留在謂語(yǔ)后面。例 His mother gave him a present for his birthday.可改為 He was given a present by his mother for his birthday.3) 當(dāng)“動(dòng)詞 +賓語(yǔ) +賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，將賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中的主語(yǔ)，其余不動(dòng)。例 Someone caught the boy

3、 smoking a cigarette. 可改為 The boy was caughtsmoking a cigarette. 4）在使役動(dòng)詞 have, make,let以及感官動(dòng)詞 see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)時(shí)，在主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)中不定式 to 要省略，但變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，要加 to。例 Someone saw a stranger walk into the building. 可改為 A stranger was seen to walk into the building.5) 有些相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞詞組，如“動(dòng)詞介

4、詞” ，“動(dòng)詞副詞”等，也可以用于被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)， 但要把它們看作一個(gè)整體， 不能分開(kāi)。 其中的介詞或副詞也不能省略。例 The meeting is to be put off till Friday.3. 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) ving 形式及不定式 to do 也有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例 I dont like being laughed at in the public.二、 如何使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1. 講話者不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或不必說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 (這時(shí)可省by 短語(yǔ))。例 My bike was stolen last night.2. 借助被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作突出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。例 I was given te

5、n minutes to decide whether I should accept the offer.3. 為了更好地安排句子。例 The well -known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people.（一個(gè)主語(yǔ)就夠了）三、 It is said that+ 從句及其他類(lèi)似句型一些表示“據(jù)說(shuō)”或“相信”的動(dòng)詞如 believe, consider, expect, report,say, suppose, think等可以用于句型“It be過(guò)去分詞 that 從句”或“主語(yǔ)be過(guò)去分詞to do s

6、th.”。有：It is said that 據(jù)說(shuō) ,It is reported that據(jù)報(bào)道，It is believed that大家相信，It is hoped that大家希望，It is wellknown that眾所周It is thoughtthat大家認(rèn)為，It is suggested that據(jù)建議。四、謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義1.英語(yǔ)中有很多動(dòng)詞如break，catch，clean，drive，lock，open，sell，read，write ，wash 等，當(dāng)它們被用作不及物動(dòng)詞來(lái)描述主語(yǔ)特征時(shí)，常用其主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義 ,主語(yǔ)通常是物。例 This k

7、ind of cloth washes well.注意：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表被動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)的是主語(yǔ)的特征， 而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)則強(qiáng)調(diào)外界作用造成的影響。試比較： The door wont lock （指門(mén)本身有毛?。㏕he door wont be locked （指不會(huì)有人來(lái)鎖門(mén) , 指“門(mén)沒(méi)有鎖”是人的原因）2. 表示“發(fā)生、進(jìn)行”的不及物動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)，如： happen, last, take place, break out, come out, come about, come true,run out, give out, turn out 等以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 How do the newspa

8、pers come out?這些報(bào)紙是如何印出來(lái)的呢？3. 系動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)形式 , 但有些表示感受、感官的系動(dòng)詞 feel, sound,taste, look, feel等在主系表結(jié)構(gòu)中常以主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 Your reason sounds reasonable.五、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義，在某些句型中可用動(dòng)名詞和不定式的主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義。1 在 need，want，require, bear 等詞的后面，動(dòng)名詞用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，其含義相當(dāng)于動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例 The house needs repairing（to be repaired）這房子需要修理。

9、2 形容詞 worth 后面跟動(dòng)名詞的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，但不能跟動(dòng)詞不定式；而 worthy 后面跟動(dòng)詞不定式的被動(dòng)形式。例 The picture-book is well worth reading （ The picture-book is very worthy tobe read）3. 在某些“形容詞不定式”做表語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的結(jié)構(gòu)中，句子的主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)又是動(dòng)詞不定式的邏輯賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，這時(shí)常用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)意義。有 nice， easy，fit ，hard， difficult ，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等。例 Thi

10、s problem is difficult to work out . （可看作 to work out 省略了 for me） .4 在 too to結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式前面可加邏輯主語(yǔ)，所以應(yīng)用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義。例 This book is too expensive (for me) to buy.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)及答案1、() 1 The Peoples Republic of China _ on October 1, 1949.A. foundB. was founded C. is foundedD. was found() 2 English _ in Canada.A. spea

11、ksB. are spoken C. is speakingD. is spoken() 3 This English song_ by the girls after class.A. often singsB. often sangC. is often sangD. is often sung() 4 This kind of car _ in Japan.A, makes B. made C. is making D. is made( ) 5 New computers _ all over the world.A. is used B. are using C. are used

12、D. have used2、 () 1 Our room must _ clean.A. keep B. be kept C. to be kept D. to keep( ) 2 -Id like to buy that coat.-Im sorry. _.A. it soldB. its sellingC. Its been soldD. it had been sold( ) 3 A new house _ at the corner of the road.A. is buildingB. is being builtC. been builtD. be building( ) 4 T

13、he key _ on the table when I leave.A. was leftB. will be left C. is left D. has been left( ) 5 Doctors _ in every part of the world.A. needB. are needing C. are needed D. will need( ) 6 His new book_ next month.A. will be published B. is publishing C. is being published D. has been published3() 1Jap

14、anese _ in every country.A. is not spoken B. are spoken C. is speaking D. is not speaking() 2These papers_yet.A. have not written B. have not been written C. has notwritten D. has not been written() 3The sports meet _ be held until next week.A. didntB. wontC. isntD. doesnt4() 1-My shoes are worn out

15、.A. Cant they be mended?B. Let me have a look at it.C. How much do they cost?D. Cant they mended?() 2_ the watch been repaired yet? I badly need it.A. DoesB. HasC. IsD . Are() 3_ these desks be needed?A. WillB. AreC. HasD. Do5() 1Why _ to talk about it yesterday?A. didnt a meeting holdB. wasnt a mee

16、ting heldC. wasnt held a meetingD. a meeting wasnt held() 2Who was the book_?A. writeB. wroteC. writtenD. written by() 3Where _ these boxes made?A. wasB. wereC. isD. am6() 1The flowers _ often.A. must be waterB. must be wateredC. must wateredD. must water() 2The books may_ for two weeks.A. be keptB.

17、 be borrowedC. keepD. borrow() 3The broken bike_ here by Mr Smith.A. can mendB. can mendedC. can be mendD. can be mended7() 1 The old bridge in my hometown_ next month.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuiltD. are going to rebuilt() 2 The play _ at the theatre next Sunda

18、y.A. is going to be shown B. will shown C. will show D. is shown ( ) 3 The old stone bridge _ next week.A. is going to be rebuilt B. will be rebuild C. are going to be rebuilt D. will rebuild8() 1Now these magazines_ in the library for a long time.A. have kept B. are keeping C. have been keeping D.

19、have been kept() 2The pot _ for _ hot water.A. used; keeping B. was used; keeping C. is used; to keep D. are used; keep() 3Tea _ in the south of China.A. grows B. is grown C. were grown D. will grow() 4The bridges_ two years ago.A. is built B. built C. were built D. was built() 5Wet clothes are ofte

20、n _ up near a fire in rainy weather.A. hang B. hanged C. hanging D. hung9() 1The river smells terrible. People must _ dirty things into it.A. be stopped to throw B. be stopped from throwing C. stop to throw D. stop from throwing() 2The teapot _ water.A. is filled with B. filled of C. fulling of D. f

21、illed() 3Old people must be looked after well and _ politely.A. speak to B. spoken C. speak D. spoken to() 4Old people must _.A. look after well B. be looked well after C. looked well after D. be looked after well 10() 1 Newly-born babies_in hospital.A. are taken good care B. are taken good care of

22、C. take good care of D. take good care( ) 2 They were_ at the sudden noise.A. frightening B. frightened C. frighten D. frightens( ) 3 These walls _ stone.A. are made of B. made of. C. are made into D. made into 11( ) 1 Jane _ to sing us an American song last Saturday.A. called B. was asked C. told D

23、. was said( ) 2 The papers _ to them.A.were shown B. show C. shown / D. have shown( ) 3 The coat_her sister.A. made to B. were made for C. was made for D. was made to 12( ) 1 I _ five minutes to decide whether I should go or not.A. gave B. was giving C. had given D. was given( ) 2 Good care_such thi

24、ngs.A. should take of B. should be taken C. should betaking D. should be taken of( ) 3 She will_good care_.A. take; of B. be taken; of C. take; for you D. be taken; of you 13( ) 1 The teacher made him_ his homework.A. to do B. do C. did D. done( ) 2 The boy_ streets without pay in the old days.A. wa

25、s made to clean B. made clean C. made to clean D. was made clean ( ) 3 These children_dance.A. were seen to B. were seen for C. were seen D. saw to14( ) 1 These stones_well.A. are fitted B. fit C. fits D. is fitted( ) 2 The bike _ 500 yuan.A. was cost B. costed C. cost D. is costed( ) 3 The importan

26、t meeting _ on a cold morning last year.A. was had B. was held C. held D. had15( ) 1 Great changes_ in the past ten years in China.A. took place B. have taken place C. were taking place D. had taken place ( ) 2 You cant use the computer, it_.A. was broken down B. is wrong C. is bad D. has broken dow

27、n ( ) 3 Great changes_in our country during the past 20 years.A. have happened B. happened C. have been happened D. were happened ( ) 4 The watch has often _ down.A. sat B. lain C. broken D. fell16( ) 1 Please pass me another cup. This one_.A. is broken B. is breaking C. broke D. broken( ) 2 The story books_ by the writer in the 1960s.A. are written B. were writtenC. are writing D. were writing( ) 3 What time _ the door _ every day?A. does; closed B. does; close C. is; closed D. /; close17( ) 1 Can he_ himself?A. get dress B.