【人教新目標(biāo)版】八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation短語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)匯總

1、Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation、必背單詞短語(yǔ)。1.相當(dāng)多quite a few2.大部分時(shí)間most of the time3.記日記keep a diary4.買(mǎi)特別的東四buy something special5.遇見(jiàn)有趣的人meet someone interesting6.做有趣的事情do something interesting7.拍了相當(dāng)多的照片take quite a few photos8.決定做某事decide to do sth.9.到達(dá)(+大地點(diǎn))arrive in10.做一個(gè)決定make a decision11.盡力做某事t

2、ry to do sth12.嘗試做某事try doing sth13.盡某人最大努力做try one ' s best to do sth.14.感受到，覺(jué)得feel like15.想要做某事(feel )feel like doing16.在過(guò)去in the past17.開(kāi)始做某事start/begin to do/doing18.由于+n./pron./v-ingbecause of19.等待wait for20.足夠的錢(qián)enough money21另外兩個(gè)小時(shí)another two hours22.如此一以至于so that 23.與/、同be different from2

3、4.與一相同the same as25.與一相同the same as【教材知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)】Section A1. Where did you go on vacation ? (P. 1)on vacation 意為“在度假”，結(jié)構(gòu)“ on+名詞”表示“在某種狀態(tài)中”。例句： My family went to Hainan on vacation last year.2. . visited my uncle (P. 1)visit此處用作及物動(dòng)詞，后接人或物做賓語(yǔ)，意為“拜訪(fǎng)、看望”，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞，意為“參觀、游覽”。例句：I visited my grandmother last w

4、eek.例句： Do you want to visit Shanghai?3. .go withanyone? (P. 2)(1) anyone用作不定代詞，意為“有人、任何人”，相當(dāng)于anybody ,用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句中，在肯定句 中用 someone或者 somebody。但是 anyone 也可以用在肯定句中，表示 “任何一個(gè)人”。例句： Did you meet anyone friendly in that city?例句： Anyone can be helpful in some way.(2) anyone只能指人，不可以指物，后面不接of短語(yǔ);any one既可以指人也可

5、以指物，后可接 of短語(yǔ)。例句： You can ask any one of us about this question.4. . buy anything special ? (P. 2)(1) buy用作雙賓語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，表示“買(mǎi)”,常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為"buy sb. sth."或者"buy sth. for sb. ",表示“為某人買(mǎi)某物”。例句： My father bought me a bike.=My father bought a bike for me.【拓展】可接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞還有g(shù)ive, bring, show, tell, sellgiv

6、e sb. sth.=give sth. to sb.bring sb. sth.=bring sth. to sb.show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb.tell sb. sth.=tell sth. to sb.給某人某物把某物帶給某人給某人看某物告訴某人某物把某物賣(mài)給某人(2)形容詞修飾復(fù)合不定代詞(something/body/one,anything/body/one, nothing/body/one,sell sb. sth.=sell sth. to sb.everything/body/one )時(shí)，放在復(fù)合不定代詞后面。例句：I have(一些重要的事

7、情)to tell you.5. We took quite a few photos there. (P. 2)意為“給拍照”。take photos 意為“拍照、照相“，take a photo/photos of sb./sth.例句： We(take) many photos on the Great Wall last year.例句：Could you( take) a photo of us?6. I just stayed at home most of the time to read and relax. (P. 2)most of表示“中大多數(shù)”，后接可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名

8、詞，作主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)取決于后面所 接名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。例句：Most of the food(go) bad.例句： Most of us(be) going to the park.7. No, I bought nothing . (P. 3)nothing用作不定代詞，表示“沒(méi)有任何東西”，相當(dāng)于not anything 。例句：I did nothing special last month.=I didn' t do special last month.8. Did everyone have a good time ? (P. 3)have a good time 表

9、示"玩得開(kāi)心"，后接動(dòng)詞ing ,表示“做某事很開(kāi)心"，have a good time 相當(dāng)于enjoy oneself/have fun 。例句： We had a good time at the party. =We enjoyed ourselves at the party.=We had fun at the party.9. How did you like 讓?zhuān)?P. 3)How do you like.? 意為“你認(rèn)為怎么樣”，相當(dāng)于 How do you feel about.? 或者 What do youthink of.?例句：-How

10、 do you the film? -Wonderful.-A. think ofB. like10. Did you go shopping ? (P. 3)go shopping 表示 “去購(gòu)物、 去買(mǎi)東西”, 相當(dāng)于 do some shopping 。類(lèi)似的短語(yǔ)還有：go swimming, goskating, go fishing, go hiking, go boating, go camping等。I went shopping and bought something for my parents.11. Of course ! (P. 3)of course 意為 “當(dāng)然&

11、quot;, 相當(dāng)于 sure 或者 certainly 。例句：-May I borrow your dictionary?例句：-Of course!12. Still no oneseemedto bebored. (P. 3)seem 用作系動(dòng)詞，表示“似乎、好像“ ，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：seem+adj./to be/that+ 句子。例句： The story(seem) true.例句： What he said seemed(be) a lie.例句：It(seem) that they are going to pull down the house.(2) bored表示“感到厭

12、倦的"，用來(lái)說(shuō)明人的感受；boring表示“令人厭煩的、單調(diào)的"，用來(lái)說(shuō)明事物 的特征。例句： The film was so boring that almost anyone felt bored.【拓展】以ed結(jié)尾的形容詞，通常用來(lái)修飾或者描述人，以 ing結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞，通常用來(lái)修飾或者描述物，類(lèi)似的形容詞還有：interesting/interested; exciting/excited; surprising/surprised。Section B1. What activities do you find enjoyable ? (P. 5)(1) find這里

13、表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)、覺(jué)得"，賓語(yǔ)后常接賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有：find sb./sth+n./adj./doing sth./介詞短語(yǔ)。例句： The students find(she) a kind teacher.例句：I find the book(use).例句： When I passed his house, I found his wife(cook).例句： Finally, they found the boy in the tree.(2) enjoyable是enjoy的形容詞形式，表示“有趣的、令人愉快的“ 。例句：I'm sure that we wil

14、l have an enjoyable vacation.例句： The job is enjoyable and I like it.2. I arrived in Penang in Malaysia this morning with my family. (P. 5)arrive 作不及物動(dòng)詞，表示“到達(dá)”，接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，需要加上介詞in或者at。例句： When did you arrive?例句： We are arriving at the station at two o' clock.【拓展】reach表示“到達(dá)”時(shí)，是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞作賓語(yǔ)。另外兩個(gè)表

15、示“到達(dá)”的動(dòng)詞(get和arrive )都是不及物動(dòng)詞，get to+ 地點(diǎn)；arrive in/at+ 地點(diǎn)。3. .so we decided to go to the beach near our hotel. (P. 5)“決定做某事”例句：decide表示"決定"時(shí)，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：decide to do sth.例句： The government decided to build another school in this village.4. My sister and I tried paragliding . (P. 5)try doing sth.

16、"嘗試做某事"；try to do sth."盡力做某事”。例句： The doctor tries to save the sick girl.例句： The boy tried playing the piano.【拓展】try也可以用作名詞，表示"嘗試"，have a try 表示"嘗試一下"。I ' m going to have a try.5. I felt like I was a bird. (P. 5)feel like此處表示“感覺(jué)像”，后接從句。He feels like he is swimm

17、ing.【拓展】feel like還可以表示“想要”，后接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)，feel like doing sth.=would like to do sth.=want to do sth.Do you feel like(go) out for a walk with me?=Would you like(go) out for a walk with me?=Do you want(go) out for a walk with me?6. There are a 10t of new buildings now.(P. 5)a lot of 相當(dāng)于10ts of 表示“許多”

18、，可以用來(lái)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或者不可數(shù)名詞。There is a lot of rain in summer in this place.【拓展】只修飾不可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：a little, little, a great deal of, much, too much只修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：a few, few, several, many, too many, a number of既可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞也可以修飾可數(shù)名詞的量詞有：some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of7. I wonder what life was like here in the

19、past. (P. 5)wonder表示"好奇、想知道"，后接whether/if, what, who, why等引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句。例句：I wonder what they are doing now.例句：I wonder if you can help me.8. I really enjoyed walking around the town. (P. 5)enjoy用作及物動(dòng)詞，表示“喜歡”，后接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)。例句： Do you enjoy music?例句：I don ' t enjoy sleeping with the window o

20、pen.9. What a difference a day makes ! (P. 5)本句是what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句，what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句常用的結(jié)構(gòu)有："What+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”或者“What翊容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。例句：多么漂亮的一朵花呀！例句：它們是多么有趣的書(shū)??！ 例句：多大的雪??！ 【拓展】how引導(dǎo)的感嘆句的結(jié)構(gòu)為“ How形容詞/副詞+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)”。例句:How beautiful the bird is!例句：How fast Mary runs!10. We wanted to walk up to the top

21、, but then itstarted raining a little so we decided to takethe train. (P. 5)(1) want 表示"想要”時(shí)，為及物動(dòng)詞，后接不定式作賓語(yǔ)或者用于句型“ want sb. to do sth. "中, 表示“想要某人做某事”。例句： They don ' t want to throw away the old furniture.begin 。too many people. (P. 5)“等待做某事”;can ' t wait to do sth.例句： She wants he

22、r parents to pay for the car.(2) start后常接名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式或者動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，用法相當(dāng)于例句： When shall we start the meeting?例句： Let' s start discussing/to discuss about the next problem.11. We waited over an hour for the train because there are wait for sb./sth.“等待某人或者某事"；wait to do sth.“迫不及待做某事”例句： We are waiting

23、for the result of the exam.例句： All the passengers are waiting to get on the bus.例句： The children can ' t wait to rush out after the class is over.(2) over此處表示“多于、超過(guò)"，相當(dāng)于 。例句：My father is over 40 years old.(3) too much, much too 和 too many 辨析too much太多(的)用作形容詞，修飾不口數(shù)名詞I have too much homework

24、 to do.用作副詞，修飾動(dòng)詞Don' t eat too much.much too太用作副詞，修飾形容詞和副詞The picture is much too beautiful.too many太多的用作形容詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)The little boy has too manyquestions to ask.12. And because of the bad weather, we couldn ' t see anythingbelow. (P. 5)(1) because of意為“因?yàn)椤⒂捎凇?，后接名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞，because是連詞，引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句

25、,后接一個(gè)句子。例句： He is late for school the bad weather.例句： =He is late for school the weather is bad.(2) below表示"在以下、低于"，反義詞是above,意為"在之上，超過(guò)“例句：It was five degrees below zero last night.13. My father didn ' t bring enough money.(P. 5)bring 表示“帶來(lái)”，強(qiáng)調(diào)從別的地方帶到說(shuō)話(huà)的地方，常與副詞here連用；take表示“帶走”，強(qiáng)調(diào)

26、從說(shuō)話(huà)的地方帶去別的地方，常與副詞there連用；carry表示“搬、抬”，沒(méi)有方向性。The students brought their homework to school in the morning and take them home after school.(2) enough 可以用作形容詞，表示“足夠的、充分的”，用來(lái)修飾名詞，可以放在名詞前面，也可以放在名詞后面。例句： The rich man has enough money.例句： =The rich man has money enough.【拓展】enough還可以用作副詞，修飾形容詞或者副詞，放在形容詞或者副詞

27、后面，常用的結(jié)構(gòu)為：be+adj.+enough+to do sth. ”足夠能夠做某事”。例句： The boy is( 足夠年長(zhǎng) )to go to school.例句：The father works(足夠努力)for his family.14. Well, but the next day was not as good . (P. 5)當(dāng)我們要表示雙方某方面 (如年齡、身高等)程度相同或不同時(shí)，常用as- as或not as as結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“和一樣”或“和不一樣”。如：例句：Mary is as as Linda .瑪麗和琳達(dá)一樣仔細(xì)。例句：He does not run as a

28、s Tom .他跑步?jīng)]有湯姆快。15. .because we forgot to bring an umbrella. (P. 6)forget to do sth.“忘記做某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)忘記去做某事，實(shí)際上也沒(méi)有做；forget doing sth.“忘記做過(guò)某事”，強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)做過(guò)某事，但是忘記了。例句：He forgot(take) the message to his friend.他忘記給朋友發(fā)短信了。例句：Don' t forget(lock) the door when you leave.臨走別忘鎖門(mén)。例句： Don' t you forget(meet) me i

29、n the street yesterday?難道你不記得昨天從大街上見(jiàn)到我了嗎？16. Why not? (P. 8)why not意為"為什么”，表示提出建議，后接動(dòng)詞原形，相當(dāng)于 why don ' t you.?例句： Why not go to the party with me?例句：=Why don' t you go to the party with me?17. Everyone in our class took a bag with some food and water. (P. 8)with此處表示“具有、帶有"，還可以表示“和在

30、一起”或者“用”。例句：I often go to school with my friends.例句：Cut the apple with a knife.18. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. (P. 8)so.that. 意為“如此以至于”，用來(lái)引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，so是副詞，后面接形容詞或者副詞。例句： Our school is so beautiful that everyone likes it.例句： He runs so fast that no one can catch up with him.【拓展】suchtha

31、t引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“如此以至于”，such后面接名詞短語(yǔ)，名詞前經(jīng)常跟有形容詞進(jìn)行修飾。例句: He is such a smart boy that we all like him.例句： They are such experienced workers that they will solve the problem soon.19. My classmates told me to keep going , so I went on . (P. 8)tell sb. to do sth.“告訴某人做某事"，tell sb. not to do sth."告訴某

32、人不要做某事”。例句： The teacher told us to clean the windows.例句：I told him not to draw on the wall.(2) keep doing sth. 表示“繼續(xù)做某事、一直做某事”例句： She kept watching TV for two hours last night.(3) go on表示"繼續(xù)"，go on to do sth.表示“(完成一件事后)接著做另一件事“，go on doing sth./goon with sth. 意為“繼續(xù)做同一件事”。例句： She went on to

33、 become a doctor.例句： You can ' t go on working without any rest.例句： We will go on with the discussion tomorrow.20. Everyone jumped up and down in excitement. (P. 8)up and down表示"上上下下、來(lái)來(lái)回回”。例句： They looked up and down.例句： He walks up and down in the room.21. Twenty minutes later, the sun sta

34、rted tocome up. (P. 8)come up意為“升起、發(fā)生”。例句：It gets hot after the sun has come up.例句： Please let me know if anything comes up.【語(yǔ)法講解】一、復(fù)合不定代詞1、由some, any, no, every 加上 one, body, thing構(gòu)成不定代詞，成為復(fù)合不定代詞。onebodythingsomesomeonesomebodysomethinganyanyoneanybodyanythingeveryeveryoneeverybodyeverythingnono onenobod