人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)及練習(xí)

1、人教版新目標(biāo)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)精講+練習(xí)(一)一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者存在的狀態(tài)。通常與表示將來(lái)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如tomorrow, the day after tomorrow, next year, next month, next week, in 100 yea峰。be going to do (動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu)：表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如：It is going to rain.will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái)的用法：1 .表布預(yù)見(jiàn)Do you think it will rain?You will feel better after

2、a good rest.2 .表示意圖I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.What will she do tomorrow?基本構(gòu)成如下：一般疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：(1) will+ 主語(yǔ) +do ？ Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?(2) there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句： Will there + be ？Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won' t否定句構(gòu)成：will + not (won

3、' )t +doSarah won ' t come to visit me next Sunday.特殊疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+ will +主語(yǔ)+？ What will Sarah do next Sunday?根據(jù)例句，用will改寫下列各句例：I don ' t feel well today .(be better tomorrow )I ' ll be better tomorrow1. Gina has six classes today. (have a lot of homework tonight )2. I ' m tired no

4、w( sleep later)3. My parents need a new car. (buy one soon)4. We can ' t leave right now( leave a little later)5. The weather is awful today. (be better tomorrow )（二）should 的用法:should用來(lái)提出建議和忠告，后邊加動(dòng)詞原形，否定句直接在 should后邊加not.例如：I think you should eat less junk food.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該少吃垃圾食品。She drives a lot and

5、she seldom walks. So I think she should walk a lot.她經(jīng)常開(kāi)車，很少走路。所以我認(rèn)為她應(yīng)該多走路。Students shouldn ' t spend too much time playing computer games.學(xué)生們不應(yīng)當(dāng)花太多的時(shí)間玩計(jì)算機(jī)游戲。學(xué)習(xí)向別人提建議的幾種句式：(1) I think you should (2) Well, you could (3) Maybe you should (4) Why don' t you ?(5) What about doing sth.?(6) You'

6、; d better do sth.用 should 或 shouldn '填空1. I can ' t sleep the night before exams.You take a warm shower before you go to bed.2. Good friends argue each other.3. There is little milk in the glass. We buy some.4. They didn ' t invite you? Maybe you be friendlier.5. I am a little bit overw

7、eight. So I think I do exercises every day.(三)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或者過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)一直進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。1 .構(gòu)成 was /were + doing ,例如：I was watching TV at 9 o ' clocast night.at 9 o ' clock last nigh時(shí)間點(diǎn)They were playing football all afternoon.all afternoon是時(shí)間段2 .過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞at 8 o ' clock last night, this

8、time yesterday例如：I was having lunch at home this time yesterday.昨天的這個(gè)時(shí)候我正在吃午飯。At that time she was writing a book.那陣子她在寫一本書。(表示她在那段時(shí)間里一直在做那件事情。)練習(xí)用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. This time yesterday I(read) books.2. At 9 o ' clock last Sunday they have) a party.3. When I (come) into the classroom, she(read) a

9、 storybook.4. She( play) computer games while her mother(cook) yesterday afternoon.5. I(have) a shower when you (call) me yesterday.(四)間接引語(yǔ)形成步驟：(1)不要逗號(hào)，冒號(hào)，引號(hào) (2)要考慮到人稱的變化(人稱的變化與漢語(yǔ)是一致的)(3)要考慮時(shí)態(tài)的變化(4)要考慮時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)示代詞的變化。1.直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，幾個(gè)主要時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)律2.直接引語(yǔ)變成間接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，一些詞匯的變化規(guī)律直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)1. am / is1. was2. are2.

10、were3. have / has3. had4. will4. would直接引語(yǔ)間接引語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)5. can6. may5. could6. might練一練用括號(hào)中所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She said I (be) hard-working.2. Peter told me he (be) bored yesterday.3. She said she(go) swimming last Sunday.4. Bobby said he (may) call me later.5. Antonio told me he (rea

11、d) a book then.請(qǐng)轉(zhuǎn)述他人說(shuō)的話：1. I go to the beach every Saturday. (Tom)2. I can speak three languages. (Lucy )3. I will call you tomorrow. (Mike )4. I ' m having a surprise party for Lana. she)(五)if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句結(jié)構(gòu)：if+一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)+將來(lái) 含義：如果，將要 例如：If you ask him, he will help you. 如果你請(qǐng)求他，他會(huì)幫助你。If need be, we &#

12、39; ll work all night.果需要，我們就干個(gè)通宵。 練一練根據(jù)中文提示，完成句子。1 .如果你參加聚會(huì)，你將會(huì)過(guò)得很開(kāi)心。If you the party, you.2 .如果明天下雨，我們將不去野餐。If it tomorrow, we.3 .如果你經(jīng)常聽(tīng)英文歌，你將會(huì)喜歡英語(yǔ)的。If you often, you.二.完形填空特點(diǎn)及解題思路(A)Jack wanted to ask for two days off, 1 he had only learnt the phrase (短語(yǔ)) “have a day off” . He 2 , then he had an

13、idea. aGrandmother is ill. May I have a day off, 3 ? ”he asked the teacher. "Of course, you can. " replied (答 復(fù))the teacher at once. After a while, the boy came to 4 at the teacher ' s dooHMay I have a day off 5 ? ” The teacher was very surprised, "Didn ' t you 6 it just now?

14、” "Yes, sir. But I can ' t beThereeither. " The teacher understood him and could not help 8 . Then he said with a smile, “Why didn ' t you sayMay I have two days off? '" The boy answered quickly 9 a loud voice. "But you only 10 us ' have a day off!'"()1.A

15、. butB. andC. orD.for()2.A. thought hardlyB. thought hard and hard C. hard thought D. thought and thought()3.A. MissB. sirC. teacherD.Mr()4.A. strikeB. bestC. hitD.knock()5.A. alsoB. againC. tooD.once()6.A.speakB. tellC. sayD.do()7.A. tomorrowB. the day after tomorrow C. yesterdayD. the day before y

16、esterday()8.A. laughB. to laughC. laughedD. laughing()9.A. withB. onC. inD.by()10. A. teachB. taughtC. are teaching(B)D.were teaching請(qǐng)根據(jù)內(nèi)容從所給的15個(gè)單詞中選出最恰當(dāng)?shù)?10個(gè)填入空白處，使短文完整，有些詞要根據(jù)需要作適當(dāng)?shù)脑~形變化。than, so, tell, us, them, report, beause, love, composition, understand, to, that, much, for, whatA generation ga

17、p （代溝）has become a serious problem. I read a （ 1 ） about it in the newspaper. Some childrenhave killed （ 2） after quarrels （爭(zhēng)吵） with parents. I think this is （ 3） they don t have a good talk with eachother. Parents now spend （ 4） time in the office. （ 5） they don t have much time to stay with their

18、children. Astime passes, they both feel （6） they don ' t have the same to pi話題）to talk about. I want to parents to be more with your children, get to know them and understand them. And for children, show your feeling （ 8） yourparents. They are the people who （ 9） you. So tell them your thoughts

19、（想法）. In this way, you can have a better（ 10） of each other.實(shí)戰(zhàn)操練（答題時(shí)間：80 分鐘）一 . 選擇填空。（） 1. Beijing won the chances the 2008 Olympics.A. to hostB. hostC. hostingD. hosted（） 2. Tiger Woods can make billions dollars a year.A. forB. with C. ofD. on（） 3. You looked so beautiful at the party.A. No, I don

20、t think so B. Of course C. Thank you very muchD. No, I m not beautiful） 4. The text is very easy for you. There are new words in it.A. a fewB. a littleC. fewD. little） 5. In the bookshop, a reader asked the shopkeeper “ Who Moved My cheese ” was an interesting book.A. thatB. whatC. howD. if） 6. In o

21、ur English study reading is more interesting than speaking, I think. I don t agree. Speakinsgreading.A. as important as B. so important as C. the more importantD. the most important） 7. If he harder, he ll catch up with us.A. workB. worksC. workedD. will work） 8. The manager that the business would

22、be worse after the stock （股票）went down.A. talkedB. toldC. saidD. spoke） 9. We should keep in the reading-room.A. quiet B. quietly C. quite D. quickly） 10. I think everything goes on well.A. So I doB. I do so C. So do I D. So is I） 11. If you want to watch TV, you may turn .A. down B. it on C. on it

23、D. it off） 12. I m sorry I haven t got any money. I ve my handbag at home.A. missedB. left C. put D. forgotten） 13. He is listening to the music she is washing clothes.A. afterB. beforeC. thatD. while） 14. It takes time to go to Beijing by plane than by train.A. moreB. fewerC. longerD. less） 15. Exc

24、use me. Have you got an eraser? Sorry, I haven t. Why you ask Mary? Perhaps she s got one.A. doB. don t C. did D. didn t. 選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鹫Z(yǔ)。1. What were you doing when the UFO landed?2. Will people use paper money in the future?3. I can t sleep, what should I do?4. If I wear jeans to school, what will happen?

25、A. Your teacher wonB. He said I couldnt yotulein. t stay out late.C. I was doing my homework.D. No, they wo n t. Everyone, will have a credit card.5. What did your father say?E. You should listen to some relaxing music.3 .根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示填空：1 .不知道該怎么辦，你能給我點(diǎn)建議嗎？I don ' t know to do, can you give me some?2

26、.外星人正在買紀(jì)念品的時(shí)候，我給警察打了個(gè)電話。While the alien was a souvenir, I the police.3 .我放學(xué)回家的路上，看見(jiàn)一只貓從窗戶里跑了出來(lái)。On my way home from school, I saw a cat get a window.4 .我不想在電話里跟你談?wù)撨@件事情。I don ' t want to talk it with you the phone.5 .我們要在周五晚上為約翰舉辦一個(gè)驚喜的晚會(huì)。We are going to have a party for John Friday evening.4 .完形填空

27、：把下面五個(gè)句子放在文章中的恰當(dāng)位置，使文章完整。Three men went up in a balloon （氣球）.They started early in London. The headman was Ted, and the other two men were Davy and Emilio. 1 Soon they heard the sea. They were carrying the usual rope 華南子）,and it was hanging down from the basket of the balloon. At the end of the rope

28、 they had tied a metal box. This could hold water, or it could be empty. So 2. It was for use over the sea. They were also carrying some bags of sand.After the sun rose, the balloon went higher. It went up to 3,000 metres, and 3 . The water in the balloon became ice. Snow fell past the men ' s b

29、asket, and theyeeoumore snow on the ground. 4 , but it was hard. They tried to break the icy sand with their knives, but it was not easy. The work was slow and they were still falling, so they had to drop some whole bags of sand. One of them fell on an icy lake and made a black hole in the ice.At la

30、st they pulled the box into the basket. It was still snowing; so 5 . They rose to 5,100 metres! Everything became icy. They were so cold that they decided to land. They came down in Poland heavily but safely. They had travelled 1,797 kilometres from London!A. The men tried to throw out some more san

31、dB. they were able to change its weight （重量）C. They had a big balloon and they were ready for a long way.D. they climbed to get away from the snowE. the air there was very cold五.閱讀理解（A）Einstein Was Waiting for His FriendOnce Einstein was waiting for one of his friends on a bridge. He was thinking a

32、oblem. While he was waiting, it began to rain. The rain kept on for some time. When Einstein took out a piece of paper from his pocket to write something down, the paper was wet and then he knew that it was raining. His clothes had become wet. But after he put the paper into his pocket, he forgot he

33、 was standing in the rain again.Many scientists are not careful with their lives. This is because they are too careful with their studies.1. What did Einstein do? He was.A. a doctor B. a teacher C. a scientist2. Why was Einstein on a bridge.A. Because he was writing something on the bridge.B. Becaus

34、e he was waiting for a friend.C. Because he was thinking.3. It rained.A. sometimes B. for some time C. for a long time4. Einstein and began to write something on it.A. bought a piece of paper.B. took a piece of paper from his car.C. took out a piece of paper from his pocket.5. Which is true?A. Einst

35、ein was careful with his work. B. Einstein was careful with his clothes. C. Einstein was careful with his friends.（8）生活中總會(huì)有許多意外事故發(fā)生，懂得急救或自救是非常重要的。請(qǐng)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)1-5小題所描述的救護(hù)方法，從A-G七幅圖中找出與題意相應(yīng)的圖畫（本題共有七幅圖，你只能選五幅圖，多選不給分。）1. If the person has stopped breathing, you must try to start his / her breathing at onc

36、e. The best thing is to use the mouth-to-mouth way. Lay the person on his / her back and breathe into his / her mouth.2. If the person is bleeding (流血)badly, you must try to stop the bleeding. Press on the bleeding point with a piece of clean cloth and hold up the part of the body which is bleeding.3. If you are bitten (cut by teeth) by an animal, wash the cut under cold running water. Cover the broken part, if there is any, with a piece of clean cloth. Then see a doctor as soon as possible.4. If you are burnt (hurt by fire or something very hot )