專(zhuān)題03社會(huì)文化類(lèi)-五年高考2012018年英語(yǔ)閱讀理解話題分類(lèi)解讀與訓(xùn)練版含解析

1、專(zhuān)題 03 社會(huì)文化類(lèi)遙致解微【話題解讀】“社會(huì)文化類(lèi)”是高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中 24 話題之一，包括東西方文化交流、文化習(xí)俗、宗教信仰、婚喪嫁娶等風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、藝術(shù)等的傳播、東西方社會(huì)禮儀的差別等方面。通過(guò)本話題的學(xué)習(xí)與高考英語(yǔ)的考查，了解東西方以及不同民族之間的文化交流，掌握一定的社會(huì)禮儀知識(shí)，為將來(lái)走向社會(huì)打下基礎(chǔ)?！靖呖继骄俊俊吧鐣?huì)文化類(lèi)”是高考英語(yǔ)?？荚掝}之一，常在聽(tīng)力、閱讀理解、完形填空、書(shū)面表達(dá)中出現(xiàn)。例如：2018 年新課標(biāo)卷 I 閱讀理解 B 篇，2018 年新課標(biāo)卷 II 閱讀理解 D 篇；2017 年新課標(biāo)卷 I 閱讀理解 C 篇,2017 年天津卷閱讀理解 C 篇，2016 年

2、全國(guó)卷 I 閱讀理解 D 篇；2015 全國(guó)卷 I 書(shū)面表達(dá)；2014 年陜西卷書(shū)面表達(dá)；2012 年大綱全國(guó)卷 I完形填空等。【典例剖析】Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturalgroups.Silencesmaybethoughtful,ortheymaybeemptywhenapersonhasnothingtosay.Asilenceinaconversationmayalsoshowstubbornness,uneasiness,orworry.Silencemaybeviewedbysomeculturalgroupsasextremelyunc

3、omfortable;thereforeattemptsmaybemadetofilleverygap（間隙）withconversation.Personsinotherculturalgroupsvaluesilenceandviewitasnecessaryforunderstandingapersonsneeds.ManyNativeAmericansvaluesilenceandfeelitisabasicpartofcommunicatingamongpeople,justassometraditionalChineseandThaipersonsdo.Therefore,when

4、apersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimplied（暗示）isthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.Inthesecultures,silenceisacallforreflection.Otherculturesmayusesilenceinotherways,particularlywhendealingwithconflictsamongpeopleorinrelationshipsofpeo

5、plewithdifferentamountsofpower.Forexample,Russian,French,andSpanishpersonsmayusesilencetoshowagreementbetweenpartiesaboutthetopicunderdiscussion.However,Mexicansmayusesilencewheninstructionsaregivenbyapersoninauthorityratherthanberudetothatpersonbyarguingwithhimorher.InstillanotherusepersonsinAsianc

6、ulturesmayviewsilenceasasignofrespect,particularlytoanelderorapersoninauthority.Nursesandothercare-giversneedtobeawareofthepossiblemeaningsofsilencewhentheycomeacrossthepersonalanxietytheirpatientsmaybeexperiencing.Nursesshouldrecognizetheirownpersonalandculturalconstructionofsilencesothatapatientss

7、ilenceisnotinterruptedtooearlyorallowedtogoonunnecessarily.Anursewhounderstandsthehealing（治愈）valueofsilencecanusethisunderstandingtoassistinthecareofpatientsfromtheirownandfromothercultures.32.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsilenceinconversations?A. Itimpliesanger.B. Itpromotesfriendship.C. Itisculture-sp

8、ecific.D. Itiscontent-based.【答案】C【解析】推理判斷題.由第一段第一句及下文給出的泥默在不同文化中不同含義的例子可知作者認(rèn)為不同文化對(duì)于沉默的解讀是有很大差異的，即它與特定的文化有關(guān)。因此答案為a33.Whichofthefollowingpeoplemightregardsilenceasacallforcarefulthought?A.TheChinese.B.TheFrench.C.TheMexicans.D.TheRussians.【答案】A【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。 題干中的asacallforcarefulthought”與第二段末句acallforref

9、lection”相對(duì)應(yīng)， 再聯(lián)系本段首句可知，答案為 A。34.Whatdoestheauthoradvisenursestodoaboutsilence?A. Letitcontinueasthepatientpleases.B. Breakitwhiletreatingpatients.C. Evaluateitsharmtopatients.D. Makeuseofitshealingeffects.【答案】D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第四段講述護(hù)理人員對(duì)于病人沉默的處理技巧。由該段末句可知作者建議護(hù)士們利35.Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?A. Sounda

10、ndSilenceB. WhatItMeanstoBeSilentC. SilencetoNativeAmericansD. SpeechIsSilver;SilenceIsGold【答案】B【解析】標(biāo)題歸納題。全文自始至終都是圍繞沉默而展開(kāi)，論述其在不同文化中的含義及影響。因此答案為Bo【名師點(diǎn)睛】1 .抓住主旨大意，理清文章脈絡(luò)通過(guò)閱讀文章可知，這是一篇說(shuō)明文。不同的文化對(duì)于沉默有著不同的解讀。有的認(rèn)為沉默意味著深思熟慮或無(wú)話可說(shuō)；有的認(rèn)為沉默就是執(zhí)拗；也有的把沉默當(dāng)成理解他人的必備談話技巧而倍加珍視。文章具體脈絡(luò)如下：2 .總結(jié)解題規(guī)律，提高解題能力探尋主線或主題，高瞻遠(yuǎn)矚鎖定主旨大意題

11、主旨大意題設(shè)問(wèn)主要有以下特點(diǎn)：（1）考查全文主旨或段落大意；（2）正確選項(xiàng)概括范圍大小恰當(dāng)，主旨判斷準(zhǔn)確；（3）錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)的特點(diǎn)常常是太大、太窄或是偏離主題、主觀臆斷；（4）常以 mainidea,best用沉默的治愈效果來(lái)關(guān)愛(ài)病人。故選Dbidea,besttitle,subject,mainlydiscuss 等詞提問(wèn)。主旨大意題解題技巧：1 .如原文有標(biāo)題，則標(biāo)題常反映主旨大意；2 .如選標(biāo)題，則標(biāo)題一定反映主旨大意；3 .如問(wèn)段落大意，應(yīng)注意該段的首句和尾句；4 .主旨信息常在 forexample 之前，allinall 之后。5 .若段首為疑問(wèn)句，則回答即主題。6 .作者有意識(shí)地反復(fù)

12、強(qiáng)調(diào)的觀點(diǎn)，通常是主旨；反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞語(yǔ)，一般為體現(xiàn)文章主旨的關(guān)鍵詞。7 .表示總結(jié)或結(jié)論的話常有 therefore,thus,inshort,conclude,conclusion 等。例如本篇第 35 題。分析文章可知，文章為“總一分”的結(jié)構(gòu)。從第一段入手，定位到文章第一句“Themeaningofsilencevariesamongculturegroups.”即可得知，全篇都在講沉默代表的意義，不同的文化其意義不同。文中并沒(méi)提到聲音與沉默的關(guān)系，所以不選 A;文章講了不同國(guó)家沉默代表的意義，不局限于 NativeAmericans,排除 C;而 D 選項(xiàng)是一句諺語(yǔ)，“雄辯是銀，沉默是金

13、”，文章并沒(méi)有對(duì)比兩者的重要性。因此只能選 B。話題詞匯重現(xiàn)I.silencen.沉默2 .culturaladj.文化的3 .thoughtfuladj.體貼的；關(guān)心的4 .conversationn.交談，談話5 .communicatevi.交流，交際6 .conflictn.沖突；斗爭(zhēng)7 .relationshipn.關(guān)系8 .agreementn.同意9 .rudeadj.粗魯?shù)?，無(wú)禮的10 .respectn.&v.尊重；尊敬11 .interruptvt.打斷12.arguewith 與爭(zhēng)論/辯論玄致鏈接Passage1（2018 年新課標(biāo)卷 I）體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間

14、說(shuō)明文一檔英國(guó)系列電視節(jié)目2706 分鐘GoodMorningBritainsSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,andnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.AndtheGood

15、MorningBritainpresentersaysshesbeenabletoputalotofwhatshesleantintopracticeinherownhome,preparingmealsforsons,Sam,14,Finn,13,andJack,11.WeloveMexicanchurros,soIbuythemonmyphonefrommylocalMexicantakeawayrestaurant,sheexplains.Ipay55foraportion（一份）,butMattmakesthemfor26paportion,becausetheyareflour,wa

16、ter,sugarandoil.Everybodycanbuytakeawayfood,butsometimeswerenotawarehowcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.Theeight-partseries（系歹 U 節(jié)目）,SaveMoney:GoodFood,followsinthefootstepsofITVsSaveMoney:GoodHealth,whichgaveviewersadviceonhowtogetvaluefromthevastrangeofhealthproductsonthemarket.Withfoodourbiggest

17、weeklyhouseholdexpense,SusannaandMattspendtimewithadifferentfamilyeachweek.IntonightsEasterspecialtheycometotheaidofafamilyinneedofsomedeliciousinspirationonabudget.Theteamtransformsthefamilyslongweekendofcelebrationwithlessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.24. WhatdoweknowaboutSusannaReid?A.Sheenjoysem

18、barrassingherguests.C.Shedislikesworkingearlyinthemorning.forherfamily.25. HowdoesMattTebbutthelpSusanna?A.Hebuyscookingmaterialsforher.C.Heassistsherincookingmatters.her.26. Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinparagraph4?A.Summarizethepreviousparagraphs.C.Addsomebackgroundinformation.discussion.27. Whatca

19、nbeasuitabletitleforthetext?butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole-showingfamilieshowtopreparedeliciousB.Shehasstartedanewprogramme.D.ShehashadatightbudgetB.Hepreparesfoodforherkids.D.HeinvitesguestfamiliesforB.Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D.IntroduceanewtopicforA.KeepingFitbyEatingSmartC.Makingyo

20、urselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLessC.MakingYourselfaPerfectChefD.CookingWellforLess【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一檔英國(guó)系列電視節(jié)目，給觀眾介紹如何減少食物浪費(fèi)以及如何以較少的預(yù)算做出美味佳肴。24.B【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段知道GoodMorningBritainsSusannaReidisusedtogrillingguestsonthesofaeverymorning,butsheiscookingupastorminherlatestrole 可知，她開(kāi)辟了一個(gè)新的節(jié)目。故選B

21、o25 .C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的 InSaveMoney:GoodFood,shevisitsadifferenthomeeachweekandwiththehelpofchefMattTebbuttofferstoptipsonhowtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.可知，Susanna 在 MattTebbutt 的幫助下，提供如何減少食物浪費(fèi)同時(shí)給每日生活費(fèi)低于 5 英鎊的每個(gè)家庭準(zhǔn)備食譜。故選 Q 解題關(guān)鍵詞：同義詞表達(dá) withthehelpof 和 help。26 .C【解析

22、】寫(xiě)作意圖題o根據(jù)文宣第四段中的whichviewer，adviceonlowtogetvalueficmihevastlargeofhealthproducteonthem2rleet可知,SG?Afowey.CgdFood節(jié)目是SavaAdb呵GoodHealth節(jié)目之后， 給觀 a些建議；如何從眾多的市場(chǎng)上的健康產(chǎn)品中獲取價(jià)值。故選c。27 .D【解析】主旨要義題。根據(jù)文章的整體內(nèi)容可知，文章作者一直在講如何用較少的錢(qián)做出好的食物。根據(jù)文章中的 preparedeliciousandnutritiousmealsonatightbudget.在資金緊張的情況下，準(zhǔn)備可口且有營(yíng)養(yǎng)的飯菜；h

23、owtoreducefoodwaste,whilepreparingrecipesforunder5perfamilyaday.如何減少食物浪費(fèi)同時(shí)給每日生活費(fèi)低于 5 英鎊的每個(gè)家庭準(zhǔn)備食譜；howcheaplywecanmakethisfoodourselves.我們自己做這種食物有多便宜；lessexpensivebutstilltastyrecipes.不貴可仍然可口的食譜?？梢酝浦?D 正確。Passage2（2018 年新課標(biāo)卷 II）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文閑聊 smalltalk3307 分鐘Weveallbeenthere:inalift,inlineattheban

24、koronanairplane,surroundedbypeoplewhoare,likeus,deeplyfocusedontheirsmartphonesor,worse,strugglingwiththeuncomfortablesilence.thatweallhavecompromisedconversationalintelligence.Itsmorelikelythatnoneofusstartaconversationbecauseitorwethinkitsannoyingandunnecessary.Butthenexttimeyoufindyourselfamongst

25、rangers,considerthatsmalltalkisworththetrouble.ExpertssayitsaninvaluablesocialpracticeB.BalancingOurDailyDietWhatstheproblem?Itspossiblesawkwardandchallenging,thatresultsinbigbenefits.Dismissingsmalltalkasunimportantiseasy,butwecantforgetthatdeeprelationshipswouldntevenexistifitwerentforcasualconver

26、sation.Smalltalkisthegrease（潤(rùn)滑齊 U）forsocialcommunication,saysBernardoCarducci,directoroftheShynessResearchInstituteatIndianaUniversitySoutheast.Almosteverygreatlovestoryandeachbigbusinessdealbeginswithsmalltalk,heexplains.Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicate

27、withthem.Ina2014study,ElizabethDunn,associateprofessorofpsychologyatUBC,invitedpeopleontheirwayintoacoffeeshop.Onegroupwasaskedtoseekoutaninteraction（互動(dòng)）withitswaiter;theother,tospeakonlywhennecessary.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedwiththeirserverreportedsignificantlyhigherpositivefeelingsandabe

28、ttercoffeeshopexperience.Itsnotthattalkingtothewaiterisbetterthantalkingtoyourhusband,saysDunn.Butinteractionswithperipheral （邊緣的） membersofoursocialnetworkmatterforourwell-beingalso.Dunnbelievesthatpeoplewhoreachouttostrangersfeelasignificantlygreatersenseofbelonging,abondwithothers.Carduccibelieve

29、sdevelopingsuchasenseofbelongingstartswithsmalltalk.Smalltalkisthebasisofgoodmanners,hesays.32. Whatphenomenonisdescribedinthefirstparagraph?A. Addictiontosmartphones.B. Inappropriatebehavioursinpublicplaces.C. Absenceofcommunicationbetweenstrangers.D. Impatiencewithslowservice.33. Whatisimportantfo

30、rsuccessfulsmalltalkaccordingtoCarducci?A.Showinggoodmanners.B.Relatingtootherpeople.C.Focusingonatopic.D.Makingbusinessdeals.34. Whatdoesthecoffee-shopstudysuggestaboutsmalltalk?A.Itimprovesfamilyrelationships.B.Itraisespeoplesconfidence.C.Itmattersasmuchasaformaltalk.D.Itmakespeoplefeelgood.35. Wh

31、atisthebesttitleforthetext?B.WaysofMakingSmallTalkD.UncomfortableSilence【文章大意】這是一篇議論文。在當(dāng)今社會(huì)，人們?cè)诠矆?chǎng)合或沉迷于智能手機(jī)，或與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)?，陌生人之間缺乏溝通。但人與人之間是需要適當(dāng)?shù)慕徽勯e聊的，閑聊是人際關(guān)系社會(huì)交往必不可少的部分，而且也有很多好處。32.C【解析】主旨大意題.題干問(wèn)的是：第一段描述了什么瞰。在公共場(chǎng)合（比如在電梯里，在銀排隊(duì)，或在飛機(jī)上）入1/策深地專(zhuān)注于他們的智能手機(jī)， 或者更槽糕的是， 與不舒服的沉默抗?fàn)庴居写丝芍?陌生人之間跳乏溝通。A項(xiàng)意為:沆迷于智能手機(jī)。R 項(xiàng)意為:

32、在公共場(chǎng)所不適當(dāng)?shù)男袨?。C項(xiàng)意為： 陌生人之i1缺乏溝通0D哽意為：對(duì)緩慢的服務(wù)不耐煩。故選c項(xiàng)。33.B【解析】推理判斷題。題干問(wèn)得是對(duì)于 Carducci 來(lái)說(shuō)，成功的閑聊中重要的是什么。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Thekeytosuccessfulsmalltalkislearninghowtoconnectwithothers,notjustcommunicatewiththem（成功閑聊的關(guān)鍵是學(xué)習(xí)如何與他們交流，而不僅僅是與他們溝通。）由此推斷 C 符合題意。A 項(xiàng)意為：表現(xiàn)出良好的禮貌。B 項(xiàng)意為：與他人有關(guān)的。C 項(xiàng)意為：專(zhuān)注于一個(gè)話題。D 項(xiàng)意為：做商業(yè)交易。故選 B 項(xiàng)。34.D【

33、解析】推理判斷題。題干問(wèn)的是：咖啡店的研究對(duì)閑聊有什么建議。根據(jù)第四段的調(diào)查結(jié)果可知，那些與服務(wù)員聊天的人，有顯著的積極情緒和更好的咖啡店體驗(yàn)。由此可知，D 項(xiàng)符合題意。A 項(xiàng)意為：閑聊改善了家庭關(guān)系。B 項(xiàng)意為：閑聊提高了人們的信心。C 項(xiàng)意為：閑聊和正式談話一樣重要。D 項(xiàng)意為：閑聊讓人感覺(jué)很好。故選 D 項(xiàng)。35 c【解析主旨大意題口整篇文章剛開(kāi)始介紹了社會(huì)的狽象公共場(chǎng)合人們沉迷于智能手機(jī)，附生尢t間缺乏溝通交流），接著分析了這一問(wèn)題的原因接下來(lái)有專(zhuān)家對(duì)閑聊進(jìn)行了研究,最后得出結(jié)論j鬧聊都有什么樣的好處QA項(xiàng)意為：談話很重要。B 項(xiàng)意為:閑的方法.C項(xiàng)意為：閑聊的好處。D項(xiàng)意為:不舒服的

34、沆默勺故選C項(xiàng)，Passage3（2017新課標(biāo)卷 I）體裁話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間說(shuō)明文時(shí)上樂(lè)3407 分鐘A.ConversationCountsC.BenefitsofSmallTalkSomeoftheworldsmostfamousmusiciansrecentlygatheredinParisandNewOrleanstocelebratethefirstannualInternationalJazzDay.UNESCOUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization）recentlysetApril30asadayt

35、oraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying（聯(lián)合）voiceacrosscultures.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyoungergenerations.ItsJasonMoransjobtohelpchangethat.AstheKennedyCentersartisticadviserfor

36、jazz,Moranhopestowidentheaudienceforjazz,makethemusicmoreaccessible,andpreserveitshistoryandculture.“JazzseemslikeitsnotreallyapartoftheAmericanappetite,MorantellsNationalPublicRadiosreporterNealConan.WhatImhopingtoaccomplishisthatmygenerationandyoungerstarttoreconsiderandunderstandthatjazzisnotblac

37、kandwriteanymore.Itsactuallycolor,anditsactuallydigital.”Moransaysoneoftheproblemswithjazztodayisthattheentertainmentaspectofthemusichasbeenlost.Themusiccantbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame,saysMoran.Lastyear,Moranworkedonaprojectth

38、atarrangedFatsWallersmusicforadanceparty,“justtokindofputitbackinthemindthatWallerisdancemusicasmuchasitisconcertmusic,saysMoran.Forme,itstherecontextualization.Inmusic,wheredoestheemotion（情感）lie?Arewe,ashumans,gaininganyinsight（感，暗）onhowtalkaboutourselvesandhowsomethingasabstractasaCharlieParkerrec

39、ordgetsusintoadialogueaboutouremotionsandourthoughts?Sometimeswelosesightthatthemusichasawidercontext,saysMoran,“soIwanttocontinuethosedialogues.ThosearethethingsIwanttofoster.”28. WhydidUNESCOsetApril30asInternationalJazzDay?A. Torememberthebirthofjazz.B. Toprotectculturaldiversity.C. Toencouragepe

40、opletostudymusic.D. Torecognizethevalueofjazz.29. Whatdoestheunderlinedwordthatinparagraph3referto?A. Jazzbecomingmoreaccessible.B. Theproductionofjazzgrowingfaster.C. Jazzbeinglesspopularwiththeyoung.D.Thejazzaudiencebecominglarger.30. WhatcanweinferaboutMoransopiniononjazz?A. Itwilldisappeargradua

41、lly.B. Itremainsblackandwhite.C. Itshouldkeepupwiththetimes.D. Itchangesevery50years.31. Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A. ExploringtheFutureofJazzB. TheRiseandFallofJazzC. TheStoryofaJazzMusicianD. CelebratingtheJazzDay【話題解讀】為提高人們對(duì)于爵士樂(lè)的重視程度，UNESCOE4 月 30 日定為國(guó)際爵士日，然而這一行為還是沒(méi)能挽救爵士樂(lè)。Jas

42、onMoran 認(rèn)為時(shí)代在進(jìn)步，為了將老一代人和年輕一代人連接起來(lái)，爵士樂(lè)也應(yīng)該不斷進(jìn)步。28.D【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的 UNESCO（UnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization）recentlysetApril30asadaytoraiseawarenessofjazzmusic,itssignificance,anditspotentialasaunifying（聯(lián)合）voiceacrosscultures.可知 UNESCO把 4 月 30 日定為國(guó)際爵士日是為了讓人們重視爵士樂(lè)，意識(shí)到它的重要性以及它

43、作為連接各文化的紐帶之聲的潛在功能，也就是為了讓人們意識(shí)到爵士樂(lè)的價(jià)值。故選D25.C解析推理判斷題o根據(jù)前文DespitetheceletH-ari-ans,though,intheU.S.IhejazzaLdienoecontinueslosbriiik皿dgrowoldecwdthemusichastailedtcwithyounger囂可知盡管UNESCO為爵士樂(lè)設(shè)了紀(jì)念日，但美國(guó)的爵士樂(lè)聽(tīng)眾依然在潁少，并且年齡在老化，爵士樂(lè)漫同捌尋年輕一代人容接起來(lái)活結(jié)合IfsJasMiMOTNSjobtohMpchangeJasonMbian的工作是幫助改變那一,借況）可推測(cè)ttat指代的是前文中

44、將士樂(lè)在年住一代人中失去吸引力的現(xiàn)象&故選 d30 .C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中的 Themusiccantbepresentedtodaythewayitwasin1908or1958.Ithastocontinuetomove,becausethewaytheworldworksisnotthesame可知 Moran 認(rèn)為現(xiàn)在爵士樂(lè)不能以 1908 或 1958 年的方式來(lái)呈現(xiàn)，因?yàn)槭澜缫呀?jīng)不同了，所以爵士樂(lè)必須不斷進(jìn)步，說(shuō)明隨著時(shí)代的發(fā)展，爵士樂(lè)也要跟上時(shí)代才不會(huì)被年輕一代所拋棄。故選Co31 .A【解析】標(biāo)題選擇題。通讀全文可知本文主要講 UNESCO；提高人們對(duì)爵士

45、樂(lè)的重視而設(shè)立爵士日，但實(shí)際收效甚微。有人認(rèn)為爵士樂(lè)應(yīng)隨著時(shí)代的進(jìn)步而進(jìn)步，否則它將失去對(duì)人們的吸引力，因此本文主要是探索爵士樂(lè)的未來(lái)，故選AoPassage4（2017天津卷）體裁；話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間議論文充滿希望和信念地等待3757 分鐘Ireadsomewherethatwespendafullthirdofourliveswaiting.Butwherearewedoingallofthiswaiting,andwhatdoesitmeantoanimpatientsocietylikeours?Tounderstandtheissue,letstakealookatthreetyp

46、esof“waits”.TheverypurestformofwaitingistheWatched-PotWait.Itiswithoutdoubtthemostannoyingofall.Takefillingupthekitchensink（洗碗池）asanexample.Thereisabsolutelynothingyoucandowhilethisisgoingonbutkeepbotheyesfixedonthesinkuntilitsfull.Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthe

47、waterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.AcousintotheWatched-PotWaitistheForcedWait.Thisonerequiresabitofdiscipline.ProperlypreparingpackagednoodlesouprequiresaForcedWait.Directionsareveryspecific.“Bringthreecupsofwatertoboil,addmix,simmerthree

48、minutes,removefromheat,letstandfiveminutes.Ihavemydoubtsthatanyonehasactuallyfollowedtheproceduresstrictly.Afterall,ForcedWaitingrequirespatience.PerhapsthemostpowerfultypeofwaitingistheLucky-BreakWait.Thistypeofwaitisunusualinthatitisforthemostpartvoluntary.UnliketheForcedWait,whichisalsovoluntary,

49、waitingforyourluckybreakdoesnotnecessarilymeanthatitwillhappen.Turningoneslifeintoawaitinggamerequiresfaithandhope,andisstrictlyfortheoptimistsamongus.Onthesurfaceitseemsasridiculousasfollowingthedirectionsonsoupmixes,buttheLucky-BreakWaitwellservesthosewhoarewillingtodoit.Aslongasonedoesntcometorel

50、yonit,wishingforafewgoodthingstohappenneverhurtsanybody.Wecertainlydospendagooddealofourtimewaiting.Thenexttimeyourestandingatthesinkwaitingforittofillwhilecookingnoodlesoupthatyoullhavetoeatuntilalargebagofcashfallsoutofthesky,dontbedesperate.Youreprobablyjustasbusyasthenextguy.51.WhiledoingaWatche

51、d-PotWait,wetendto.A. keepourselvesbusyB. getabsent-mindedC.growanxiousD.stayfocused52. WhatisthedifferencebetweentheForcedWaitandtheWatched-PotWait?A. TheForcedWaitrequiressomeself-control.B. TheForcedWaitmakespeoplepassive.C. TheWatched-PotWaitneedsdirections.D. TheWatched-PotWaitengagesbodyandbra

52、in.53. WhatcanwelearnabouttheLucky-BreakWait?A. ItislessvoluntarythantheForcedWait.B. Itdoesntalwaysbringthedesiredresult.C. ItismorefruitfulthantheForcedWait.D. Itdoesntgivepeoplefaithandhope.54. Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodothenexttimewearewaiting?A. Takeitseriously.B. Dontrelyonothers.C. Dosometh

53、ingelse.D. Dontloseheart.55. Theauthorsupportshisviewby.A. exploringvariouscausesof“waits”B. describingdetailedprocessesof“waits”C. analyzingdifferentcategoriesof“waits”D. revealingfrustratingconsequencesof“waits”【話題解讀】這是一篇議論文。文章主要通過(guò)介紹三種不同種類(lèi)的等待來(lái)論述我們花費(fèi)大量的時(shí)間來(lái)等待而且說(shuō)明作者自己的觀點(diǎn)，即充滿希望和信念地等待。51.B【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)

54、第二段的句子 Duringthesewaits,thebrainslipsawayfromthebodyandwandersaboutuntilthewaterrunsovertheedgeofthecounterandontoyoursocks.Thiskindofwaitmakesthewaiterhelplessandmindless.可知選Bo【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理g0根據(jù)第三葭內(nèi)容,尤其是Thiscnerequires且 bitbit 城通5理由儂及After曲ForcedWaitinglequiiespatienoe,可如選A?！窘馕觥靠疾榧?xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的句子UidiketheF

55、orsdWait,whi&iisalsovoluntaiy,waitingfgeneral通常、inodierwords*換句話說(shuō)j口口tbeooiitfar/相反、器3result11因此Z故選C&3 .B【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章中對(duì)各個(gè)國(guó)家的人們對(duì)于表情符號(hào)的使用情況介紹以及文章末段末句Whoknewthetinyimageweaddtobrightenupourtextscouldshowsomuchaboutourculture?可知，表情符號(hào)受文化的影響，故選 Bo 解推理判斷題時(shí)要注意依據(jù)文章內(nèi)容進(jìn)行合理地推理判斷,切勿脫離文章進(jìn)行主觀臆斷。Passage2體裁

56、話題詞數(shù)難度建議時(shí)間記敘文慈善機(jī)構(gòu)擔(dān)任志愿者3396 分鐘Afterbeingunemployedforafewyears,Iwaslookingforsomethingtodoinmysparetimethatwouldalsohelptoincreasemyskillsandconfidence.Havingpreviouslysufferedfromdepressionandanxiety,Iknewafull-timejobwouldbemoreofalong-termgoal.WhenIwasintroducedtoVolunteeringMatters,Iwasparticular

57、lyinterestedinthehandypersonservice.Iwasabitnervousthoughasitwasbrandnewtome.Afterchattingwiththeprojectcoordinator,Isignedupandwentthroughsomeinitialtraining,whichwasreallyrelaxingandenjoyable.InFebruary,Itookuptheroleasahandypersonorganizer,whichmeansitismyresponsibilitytospeaktoolderpeoplewhorequ

58、ireourservice.Afterthat,Iassignthejobrequesttothemostappropriatevolunteers,basedontheirlocationandskills.Itusuallytakesaboutonehourpereveningtocompletemytask.Havingdonethisrolenowforsixmonths,Ihavelearnedagreatdealandamveryproudtobeapartofthisproject.Ihaveseenfirst-handhowimportantitistohelpolderpeo

59、ple,whowouldreallystrugglewithoutourservice.IreallyfeelthatIamdoingmybittohelpothersandgivesomethingback.IthashelpedmetobelieveinmyselfandIhavelearnedsomenewskills,whichIdidntbelieveIcouldeverdo,especiallymycommunication,organizationandinterpersonalskills.Itsgreattobeabletobuildarelationshipwithourc

60、lientsandvolunteersanditisalsoalotoffun.MyconfidencehasincreasedandIabsolutelylovemyvolunteerorganizerrole.Mostrecently,Ihavealsobeenhelpingtheprojectcoordinatorwithadministrationtasksandpublicity（宣傳）workfortheservice,whichmeansIamimprovingmyITknowledgeaswell.ItmeansalotthatIhavereceivedhelpandsupportfromVolunteer