簡單句的五種基本句型講解及練習(xí)題

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上簡單句的五種基本句型講解及練習(xí)題英語句子成分的排列順序與漢語不同。漢語放在前面的，英語可能要放在后面；而漢語放后面的，英語可能放在前面。即使是同樣一句話，如果用詞不同，句中的次序也會有變化。比如，“我每天騎自行車上學(xué)”，可以表達(dá)為 I go to school by bike every day. 也可以表達(dá)為 I ride to school every day. 如果用圖表分析一下，我們會看得更清楚：我 每天 騎自行車 上學(xué)。I go to school by bike every day.I ride to school every day.這三個(gè)語句除了行為者

2、"I"的位置沒有變化外，其它都發(fā)生了變化，并且由于“上學(xué)”表達(dá)方式的不同，在句中的位置也發(fā)生了變化。句子成分詳解一覽表及巧記口訣句子成分意義及位置充當(dāng)詞類例句主語The Subject表示句子說的是“什么人”或“什么事”。通常在句子前部。名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、短語或句子。We study in No. 17 middle school.Jim is an American boy.Two heads are better than one.謂語The Predicate說明主語“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么樣”。通常在主語后（除疑問、倒裝句外）。由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組充

3、當(dāng)。Time tries all thing.(時(shí)間檢驗(yàn)一切）Lucy is dancing under the tree.Her parents are both workers.賓語The Object表示動(dòng)作、行為的對象。在及物動(dòng)詞或介詞后。同主語的充當(dāng)詞類Love me, love my dog. (愛屋及烏）These girls like English.Did you see him yesterday?表語The Predicate與系動(dòng)詞連用，一起構(gòu)成謂語部分、說明主語的性質(zhì)、特征。常在系動(dòng)詞之后。同主語的充當(dāng)詞類His father is a bus driver.My c

4、ar is white.We were at school yesterday.Health is wealth. (健康就是財(cái)富。）定語The Attribute用來修飾名詞或代詞。單個(gè)詞常在修飾的詞前，短語或句子在被修飾的詞之后。形、代、數(shù)、名、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞或短語。The red one is mine.What is his name?A friend in need is a friend indeed. (患難見真情。）狀語The Attribute修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、目的、方式等。位置較靈活。通常由副詞、介詞短語或相當(dāng)于副詞的詞或短語來表

5、示。Our teacher works very hard.She often helps Mike.They had a meeting in Shanghai.賓語補(bǔ)足語The Object Complement賓語的補(bǔ)足語，邏輯上與賓語是“主謂”關(guān)系。在賓語后。由形容詞、名詞、介詞短語等充當(dāng)。We named the baby Lily.She made the room clean.同位語TheAppositive重復(fù)指代并進(jìn)一步說明名詞及名詞性詞語。在被修飾詞后。名詞、名詞性短語、從句等。They all work hard.John, a friend of hers, has g

6、one.句子成分 學(xué)記口訣主語謂語是基礎(chǔ)，賓表定狀補(bǔ)輔助。 賓主來自名代數(shù)，動(dòng)詞作謂不可無。簡單句的五種基本句型句型種類主語謂語部分謂語動(dòng)詞表語賓語賓補(bǔ)1. S + Vi. 主語+不及物動(dòng)詞Birdsfly.2. S + Vi. + O 主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語Heplaysthe piano.3. S + V. + C主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語Weare(系動(dòng)詞）friends.4. S + Vt. + InO + Do主語+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語+直接賓語Igave him a pen（間賓）（直賓）5. S + Vi. + O + Oc主語+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Tommademe cry.英語是一

7、種結(jié)構(gòu)型的語言，以謂語動(dòng)詞為核心構(gòu)成各種句型。為了幫助你掌握英語的句型，本節(jié)課我們一起來總結(jié)一下英語的基本句型。1. 主語 + 不及物動(dòng)詞（ + 狀語）狀語 主語不及物動(dòng)詞狀語（In 2003,)The first bookcame outin 2003We didn't goto the cinema yesterday.Last week,I wentto Guilin for my holiday. 2. 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 （+ 狀語）狀語主語及物動(dòng)詞賓語狀語（Yesterday)Iboughta very good bookyesterday.My fatherlo

8、vespictures of cars.Every morningmy motherpreparesbreakfastfor meHe wrotea bookin senior high school.3. 主語 + 系動(dòng)詞 + 表語 （+ 狀語）主語系動(dòng)詞表語狀語These booksaregreat.Tom isvery happytoday.4. 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語 （+ 狀語） 狀語主語及物動(dòng)詞間接賓語直接賓語狀語His hobbyhas broughthimenjoyment.My fatherboughtmea very good bikeOn my b

9、irthday.Last week,my auntsentmea box of chocolate.5. 主語 + 及物動(dòng)詞 + 賓語 + 賓語補(bǔ)足語 （+ 狀語）主語及物動(dòng)詞賓語賓語補(bǔ)足語狀語We can help youdevelop new skills.I don't wantyouto worktoo hard.The newsmadeeveryonehappy.鞏固練習(xí)一指出下面句子分別屬于哪個(gè)句型。I will spend this summer holiday in the countryside. In the modern city, there are some

10、problems, such as air pollution, crowdness and noise. In the countryside I can enjoy a comfortable and quiet life. There, the air is fresh and the water is clean. I can hear birds singing in the green trees. I can also go boating, fishing, and swimming in the lake. All this will be interesting and g

11、ood for my health.So I want to go to the countryside for a change. 1. ( S + V ) _ 2. ( S + V +O ) _3. ( S + V + C ) _ 4. ( S + V + IO + DO ) _5. ( S + V + O + C ) _ 6. There be 句型 _二翻譯題1. 他昨天早上起床很晚。 _2. 那天晚上我們談了很多。_3. 會議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。_4. 昨晚我寫了一封信。_5. 我父親能流利地說英語。fluently_6. 你介意我開窗戶嗎？_7.我的兄弟都是大學(xué)生。_8. 這本書是關(guān)于

12、美國歷史的書。_9. 她的工作是在幼兒園里照看兒童。nursery_10. 奶奶昨晚給我們講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。_11. 請把那本字典遞給我好嗎？dictionary_12. 我父親已經(jīng)給我買了一輛新自行車。_13. 我們大家都認(rèn)為他是誠實(shí)的。consider_14. 我們把小偷釋放了。setfree_15. 他叫我們參加做游戲。_主系表結(jié)構(gòu)+練習(xí)+中考真題主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語系動(dòng)詞：be動(dòng)詞，感官動(dòng)詞主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，其中系動(dòng)詞（link-verb）包括be動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞。be動(dòng)詞后可跟形容詞，代詞，名詞，介詞短語: Sam is sad. This is my sister.These keys a

13、re yours. Her picture is on the wall.感官動(dòng)詞后多加形容詞做表語。 感官動(dòng)詞：feel/smell/look/taste/sound The band sounds great.I feel happy.The food smells terrible.She looks sad.This tastes good.1介紹親屬關(guān)系This is my sister. That is Jins friend.These are our cousins. Those are Toms grandparents.He is Jacks father. She is

14、your mother. It is her lovely dog. They are Toms brothers. I am his aunt. You are her uncle. We are Lucys parents. They are my brothers.2識別人物I am Tom. You are Jim. You are Tom and Jim. We are Toms classmates. He is Mike. She is Mikes cousin. Its Mikes cousins cat. They are our parents.3 介紹身份信息My fir

15、st name is Mike. His given name is Jack.Her last name is Green. Your ID card number is 54321.Our family name is Smith. Its full name is Tom Smith.Their telephone number is .4 介紹所屬關(guān)系This is my pencil. That is his dictionary.These are our erasers. Those are the boys schoolbags.This green pen is mine.

16、These keys are yours. Those ID cards are theirs. Those new computer games are ours.The blue baseball is his. The yellow pens are hers.These nice rings are mine. That nice watch is ours.5 介紹位置關(guān)系My schoolbag is in the desk. His keys are on my table.Her picture is on the wall. Your quilts are on the be

17、d.Our chairs and desks are in the classroom.Their dictionaries are under the sofa.My English book is under the chair.Your red pencil case is in your bedroom.Toms clock is under his desk.Their computer games are on the bed.Her apple tree is near my house. Jack is next to me.Your classroom is beside m

18、ine. (2010湖南省婁底市7. 1) -What do you think of the cake?- -I like it very much. It tastes _.?A. good B. terrible C. Well(2010山東省濰坊市20. 1)The cookies_good .Could I have some more?A.taste B.smell C.feel D.sound (2010.浙江省18. 1) - Shall we go for a picnic in the park this Saturday?- Oh, that _ good.A. feels B. looks C. tastes D. sounds(2010江蘇省宿遷市9. 1)This piece of music _ beautiful.A. looks B. sounds C. tastes D. smells(2010·湖北省黃岡市，33，1)-Which T-shirt do you prefer?-The red one .It_more comfortable.A.tastes B.smells C.feels D.sounds (2010·廣西省梧州市